Finding Aid
E. H. Cookridge fonds. -- 1905-1979. -- 15.35 m of textual records and graphic material. Series 1-7.
Series 1
Literary Papers. -- 1905-1976. -- 4.67 m of textual records and graphic material. -- Title based on content of series.
Box 1
F.1 “Secrets of the British Secret Service” (1948). English reviews, photographs of spy apparatus; invoice from news service for use of a published photograph; photographs of persons.
F.2 “Secrets of the British Secret Service” Spanish Extracts.
F.3 “Secrets of the British Secret Service” German Extracts, appearing in Weltpresse, August and September, 1948.
F.4 “Net That Covers the World” (US title for “Soviet Spy Net” (1955) in Europe) Extracts of the book in the magazine US News and World Report August19, 1955, pp114-155. File contains original issue.
F.5 “Soviet Spy Net” (1955) “Zentrale Moskau” (1956). Reviews in English and German, correspondence regarding a proposed1965 rewrite of the book, which was rejected.
“Memoirs/Confessions of a Tattooist”:
F.6 Prospectus and synopsis.
F.7 US magazine article, with authors “George Burchett and Peter Leighton” (Cavalier Magazine, January, 1959, pp. 21-25, 50-58 incl. File contains entire issue.
F.8 Newspaper clippings (1905, and following) which were part of George Burchett’s own collection, some mounted; other research material.
F.9 Early newspaper clippings, some mounted, from George Burchett’s own collection.
F.10 Early newspaper clippings, some mounted, from George Burchett’s own collection; research material.
F.11 Collection of photographs of Geo. Burchett, his son, clients, and various business premises.
Box 2A
F.1 Burchett’s personal account of his career, biographical and genealogical information, personal materials, e.g. a stock certificate, contract for book between “Peter Leighton” and Burchett’s son; correspondence.
F.2 Extracts in Dutch and Danish, news-paper reviews and advertisements for the book.
F.3 George Burchett's Scrapbook.
F.4 “Sisters of Delilah”. Prospectus for 6 to 8 articles, typescript of “Chapter 1”, edited, and title page from book. (See also “Delilahs of Today” in Series 2 (1953, ‘54). Newspaper articles, and correspondence about the book, “Mata Hari’s Daughter” (1959).
F.5 “Moon Travellers". Preface, correspondence.
F.6 “Moon Travellers”. Background and research material.
“Blake”:
F.7 Prospectus/synopses for “Traitor Betrayed” (1962). Explanatory note on abbreviations for1962 book, and outline of Chapters.
F.8 “Traitor Betrayed” (1962) Carbon copy of typescript draft of Chapters 1-19, plus an explanatory note on abbreviations.
F.9 Early drafts (Chapters1, 2) of “Traitor Betrayed” written on unused side of very interesting paper…
F.10 Early drafts (Chapters 3 to 6) of “Traitor Betrayed” (1962), written on the unused side of very interesting paper.
F.11 Early drafts (Chapters 7-10) of “Traitor Betrayed” (1962), written on unused side of very interesting paper.
F.12 Early drafts (Chapters11-13) of “Traitor Betrayed” (1962), written on unused side of very interesting paper.
F.13 Early drafts (Chapters14 to end) of “Traitor Betrayed” (1962), written on unused side of very interesting paper.
F.14 Proposed introductions for “George Blake, Double Agent” (1970), and a draft of Chapter 1.
Box 2B
F.15 Draft revisions to final manuscript of “Traitor Betrayed” (1962) to adapt for “George Blake, Double Agent” (1970). Press release, advertisement for 1970 book.
F.16 Various paste-ups for “George Blake, Double Agent” (1970).
F.17 Draft pages, unidentified, for “George Blake, Double Agent” (1970).
F.18 Official and personal correspondence re both1962 and1970 books about George Blake.
F.19 Synopses, articles, for1961 serial in “Today” based on “Traitor Betrayed”.
F.20 Copies of published serials (1961) based upon “Traitor Betrayed.”
F.21 Newpaper clippings, libel action, press reviews, advertisements.
F.22 Photographs and documents, originally unsorted:
1) Captions only, some in Cookridge’s own handwriting
2) Illustrations without captions.
3) Francis Gary Powers: pictures: of Moscow trial, pieces of the U2 plane, border crossing where he was exchanged for Rudolph Abel
4) British internees (including Blake) from Korean prison (1953).
5) “Observer Magazine” colour photograph (Nov.1975) of Kim Philby. George Blake, and their wives al fresco in Moscow. Fragile.
6) One-page bio on Blake dated 4/5/61, recounting circumstances of Korean imprisonment.
7) Post-Korean-imprisonment newspaper clippings on Blake.
8) Photograph of Greville Wynne “The Man from Moscow”. See also F.9 in Box 2A.
9) “Blake Materials” Photographs of Hamburg, May 7-8, 1945, and photograph of U-boats.
10) Photographic plates excised from “Shadow of a Spy”.
11) Montage of photographs: “Shadow of a Spy”.
12) Photostats in Russian and English, reversed. “Soviet Spy Net”.
13) 1961 original photocopy of George Behar/Blake’s birth certificate. In Dutch; also photocopy of original handwritten marriage certificate from 1954, reproduced in “Shadow of a Spy”.
14) Photocopy of Blake’s marriage certificate. Also, original Somerset House copy of certificate.
15) Photograph 1: 1 of Somerset House copy of marriage certificate.
16) Noel Field. Photograph from European Copyright Company, Ltd. (Cookridge)
17) Photographs of unidentified individuals.
F.23 Photographs and documents, originally unsorted.
II Soviet Agents:
0) Herbert Steinbreker/Steinbucher. 8 x10” glossy print;
1) Ejection from USA of Egorov and Mrs. Egorov;
2) Prisoner exchange brokers: Wolfgang Vogel (E. Germany) Jurgen Stange (W. Germany); Geographical Locations: E. Germany / Soviet. Includes photograph of Vogel’s house and car;
3) Photographs of spy devices;
4) Soviet Agents II; Kroger and wife, 1969, leaving Britain for Moscow;
5) Krogers’ House in Ruislip (London)1961;
6) Americans.
F.24 Newspaper clippings of Trinity College, Dublin, debate between Cookridge and Sean Bourke, the person accused of assisting Blake’s escape in 1965. See also clippings re Greville Wynne and the debate.
F.25 “Shadow of a Spy” manuscript in box.
F.26 “The Spy Next Door” 1968 promotional material (Frewin) for book which was never published. Catalogue is 36 pp; advertisement is on p 31.
Box 3
“They Came from the Sky”:
Note: “They Came from the Sky” consists of three sections from “Inside S.O.E.” which was published while “Inside S.O.E.” was awaiting clearance from British Intelligence before being published. This took several years; Cookridge had the three sections published in advance because, he said, he needed the money.
F.1 Synopsis for serialization, two stages in the development of a prospectus for the book, which was ready for publication.
F.2 Original photographs for plates.
F.3 Scrapbook with British and American reviews. Materials recopied: photostats which were fading, some brittle clippings .
F.4 Early draft of manuscript, entitled: “Three Came from the Sky”.
F.5 Mid-range, amended draft, with printing instructions.
F.6 Full, corrected manuscript. Note: Purchased by Bertram Rota, London, in 2005 from the publishers.
F.7 Galley proof of final index, galley proof of “Dramatis Personae”.
Box 4
“Inside S.O.E.” (Boxes 4-7)
F.1 Prospectuses for book, and advertising material, both British and American. The American title became “Set Europe Ablaze”.
F.2 Drafts, miscellaneous notes; includes spiral notebook with names and data on people, living and deceased, who are part of this story. Includes general reference material called “Section II: World Politics” with a chronology of World War II’s battles to 2 September, 1945.
F.3 General correspondence and bills relating to photograph processing, etc related to the book.
F.4 S. O. E. organization, other authors.
F.5 Harry Ree: correspondence, photographs, his revisions. See also Series 3
F.6 F.C. A. Cammaerts: Correspondence, photographs, his revisions. See also Series 3
F.7 Roger Landes: Notes. See also Series 3.
F.8 Francis Basin: notes and correspondence. See also Series 3.
F.9 Denmark. Notes.
F.10 Netherlands and Belgium.
a) Netherlands data and correspondence with formal account of British and Dutch resistance, 1940-45, by Dr. Louis de Jong, Director of the Netherlands State Institute for War Documentation.
b) Reprint: “The German Occupation of the Netherlands” British Survey VIII (16): pp 57-60, March 9,1942. Original article and Xerox copy. Fragile.
c) Reprint: Gibberd, K. “Recovery of the Netherlands” British Survey VIII (19): pp1-16. September, 1947.
d) Reprint: “Occupied Belgium” British Survey III (19): pp 69-72, April 2, 1942. Two copies.
e) Excised chapter of a book, entitled “Holland”, pp140–186. Cheap paper, marked up.
f) Excised chapter of a book, entitled “Luxembourg”, pp119-138. Cheap paper, some mark-up.
g) Booklet: “Travel in Holland”, n.d. 25 pp.
h) Cookridge’s handwritten chronology (Sept. 8, 1944 to Feb. 28, 1945) on the Allied invasion of Holland and Belgium.
i) Two handwritten notes, and two later newspaper articles on Arnhem.
j) Typewritten notes, original copy, largely regarding the “England Spiel” (‘The England Game’ perpetrated by the Nazis in Holland). Length: 40 pp.
F.11 Norway: Notes; Cookridge’s account of SOE and Norwegian Resistance; government of Norway’s official information on Quisling.
F.12 Preface and acknowledgements; captions for illustrations.
F.13 Coded messages; ration book; business card.
F.14 Photographs of Nazi spies: “A. de Wilde”, a Dutchman; Hugo Bleicher. Studio portraits of Bleicher, his baby pictures (originals), and several informal postwar colour snapshots of him and his immediate family.
F.15 Security clearance correspondence regarding the manuscript, and notes.
F.16 Letters of permission for the use of photographs and quotations for the book.
F.17 Early mock-up of plates; already-published pictures.
F.18 First draft, marked up, of part of Chapter 17 .
Box 5A
F.1 Early typewritten manuscript, pp. 231 to end. Manuscript marked up. In box.
F.2 Early drafts of Chapters14-17, some with mark-up, corrections. Several revisions of some portions.
F.3 Draft manuscript, Chapters 2 to15. In box.
F.4 Complete, corrected manuscript, possibly the final draft.
Box 5B
F.5 Illustrations, plate photographs, negatives, prints.
F.6 Galley proof with corrections for Chapters 14 to17, and most of Chapter 18. Also, early galley pages with handwritten emendations, later revised for final book and published as pp. 377-346. Used as background material for “The Secret Heroes”, a newsmagazine set of articles to celebrate the 25th Anniversary of D-Day (see also Box 20A, Files11 and 13).
F.7 Promotional materials, including some for the US Edition, entitled, “Set Europe Ablaze”.
F.8 Reviews – Italian.
F.9 “Set Europe Ablaze” (US Edition of “Inside S.O.E.”). Galley of ‘Documentation and Selected Bibliography’.
F.10 German Reviews of “Versteckspiel mit dem Tod”, the German edition of “Inside S.O.E.”
Box 6A
F.1 “Set Europe Ablaze”. US reviews, library notices. Most preserved as Xerox copies of yellowed Photostats and brittle newsprint.
F2 Correspondence , and biographical information.
F.3 Printed chart and timeline of “F” Section activity in France1941-1944.
F.4 Bibliography of sources for research on book.
F.5 Card file, in original box, of personnel in the French Resistance, both British and French, with some correspondence from family members after the book’s publication. File consists of four sections: Code names of fighters, alphabetical list of resistance personnel, many with biographical information, French traitors (very brief), and correspondence interallié.Some cross-references. One section is called “S.O.E. HQ”, but it is empty.
F.5 Card file containing code names, proper names, and biographical and operational information about individuals concerned with the French Resistance and the reseaux.
F.6 Photocopied news clippings; articles and reviews of A Very Personal War and Resistance, 1946-1976.
Box 6B
F.7 Headquarters and Heads. Several empty original envelopes; most data are obits of individuals who had led SOE
F.8 “P.W.E.” Political Warfare Executive: “Black Propaganda” This file has three original air-drop leaflets: Le Courier de l’Air1942 (4); Luftpost #23, October 21, 1941; Hitlers Verlustziffern n.d. File also contains the October15,1941 issue of Völkischer Beobachter – Berlin.
F.9 (M. E.) [Middle East] Force133, 266 etc. Two empty envelopes, article re Evelyn Waugh.
F.10 (M.E.) Albania, Jugoslavia, Greece. Articles, newspaper.
F.11 (M.E.) Bulgaria, Hungary, Rumania". Two newspaper clippings only.
F.12 Czechoslovakia. Article on Heydrich’s assassination and the destruction of Lidice, a letter from Cookridge to an editor.
F.13 Italy. Magazine article.
F.14 Poland. One newspaper clipping.
F.15 US – OSS. Newspaper clippings, handwritten memos; information on OSS involvement in Scandinavia, France, Algiers, Italy, the Far East, including Japan.
F.16 France. Sections “F” and “RF”.
1) Newspaper clippings, including article on Samuel Beckett as intelligence operative.
2) British Survey Vol IV (13, 14) pp.141-148, 2 issues, concerning S.O.E. relations with De Gaulle and the French Resistance, background for Republique Française.
3) British Survey Part of Vol I (18) p. 72, December 22, 1939; Vol I (19, 20) pp 73-80. January1940; Vol VI (5), pp19-22, n.d.; Vol VI (17, 18) pp1-4, n.d.; Supplement to News-Letter 500, July 2, 1946;
4) Reader’s Digest (British?) article “The Millionth Frenchman” February, 1952, pp 53-57
5) Article from Der Spiegel on the Vichy regime.
6) Chapters entitled “France” and “Italy” excised from unknown book, pp. 249-282. “France” deals with the period from the Vichy regime until the Allied victory in August 1944; “Italy” covers1943-1945. Fragile, cigarette burn on lower edge.
7) Part of article, in French, from “Souvenirs, Discussions et Décisions” pp. 277-284. Memo notes by Cookridge.
F.17 “S.O.E. Official History (France)” Single envelope containing newspaper clippings, some reviews and much commentary on M.R.D. Foot’s “An Account of S.O.E. in France,1940-1945.”; articles by Harry Ree, Hugh Trevor-Roper, “General Passy”; cover poster original for the book.
F.18 O.S.S. Two newspaper articles about General Henri Giraud’s escape from Vichy France, and his ferrying to Algeria to plan, with Eisenhower, the Allied invasion of France.
F.19 “S.O.E.” Envelopes:
1) HQ French Section Heads – Buckmaster.
2) French Section: Buckmaster – Lt Col. Maurice controversy.
3) Newspaper article outlining limitations of Foot’s Official History of S.O.E.
4) Cookridge’s own notes about Buckmaster and S.O.E. HQ.
5) Articles by Jean Overton Fuller and Elizabeth Nicholas attacking Buckmaster for his reticence to speak even after the War was over.
6) Rebuttal article by Buckmaster
7) Motion in the House by Dame Irene Ward.
8) Letter from Ian Walling to T. Spiro, Feb.1963 re: Buckmaster.
9) Carbon of typescript, much-amended, done on an electric typewriter. The handwriting is probably Cookridge’s, but the source of the document (p. 23 and following) is obscure.
F.20 “S.O.E. French Section.” Individuals, Part I:
1) Vera Atkins. Typewritten transcription of interview with ? and Atkins.
2) Peter Churchill and former wife Odette [Churchill] Hallowes. Newspaper articles.
3) Val Williams [Vladimir Bouryschkin]. Obit.
4) Nicole “Peggy” Knight Smith “Marguerite Chauvin” – typewritten transcription annotated by Cookridge, of a narrated recording in which her involvement with the French Resistance is documented. Xeroxed because original is brittle.
5) Gleeson article “Commando Girls” mentioned in (4) above.
6) Pearl Witherington, “Madame Cornioley”: typewritten transcript of her recounting her activities; also a letter to Cookridge regarding 20th anniversary of D-Day.
7) Andrée de Jongh, Mme. De Greef, Mme Ugeux 1967 newspaper article.
8) Maurice Chevalier, partial “Leader” magazine article, December1944.
9) Gen. Delattre de Tassigny. “Leader” article, December 1944. Same issue as (8).
10) Yvonne Basedon. Narrated typewritten transcript.
11) Sky Corps article. The "Irish girl" not named may be Maureen Sullivan.
12) Langelaar, George. Newspaper review of his book, Knight of the Floating Silk”; pictures.
13) John Starr. Envelope only, no articles.
14) Harry Ree – see “They Came from the Sky” and Series 3 (Correspondence).
15) Vomecourt, Pierre “Lucas”. See also “The Cat” (Mathilde Carré), Benjamin Cowburn and Hugo Bleicher Court case.
16) de Vomecourt, Pierre. Review of his book “Who Lived to See the Day: France in Arms, 1940-45” (aka “Major St. Paul”?) Letters of introduction to US Forces.
17) Yeo-Thomas, Forest “The White Rabbit” 1961 newspaper article.
18) Basin, François. Cookridge notes. See also correspondence re “Inside S.O.E.”
19) Rake, Denis. Obits (12 September 1976), b. 1902. Friend of Spiro/Cookridge’s: see telegram. Letters between Rake and Cookridge (Spiro) in 1960 re French translation of letters, etc, relating to “Inside S.O.E.”;11 pp of Cookridge’s notes from interview with Rake. Originals in envelope, photocopy also in file.
20) Envelope: “Women’s list of Names, etc., Executions.” Found empty.
21) Women: General stories, and “Death Be Not Proud” Partial newspaper article on “La Souris” who gave V1 plans to the British; anonymous article on one British woman’s activities; article (March 11, 1945) about Sonia d’Artois and Maureen Sullivan.
22) “The Seven Angels from Hell” incomplete series of newspaper articles by Elizabeth Nicholas (The Sunday Pictorial, June 29, 1958). The "seven": Diana Rowden (friend of Nicholas’s), Andrée Borel, Vera Leigh, “Sonia” ?d’Artois, Elaine Plewman, Madeleine Damerment, Yolande Beekman.
23) Violette Szabo. Newspaper articles, 1946, during the Nuremburg Trials, and article about her daughter, 1967.
F.21 “S.O.E. French Section.” Individuals, Part II:
1) Michel Cabotte. Newspaper articles (Sunday Dispatch January 27, 1946) re sabotage.
2) Taffy Higginson. Observer magazine article, pp 45-46.
3) Philip Newman. Newspaper article (Sunday Express May 2, 1971).
4) “Patrick O’Leary” (Daily Express, April 20, 1947) magazine article. See also Taffy Higginson reference in (2) above.
5) D-Day 25th anniversary: 4 newspaper clippings.
6) Evening News 1948, clippings give names and addresses of British women murdered by the Gestapo.
7) John Howard: 1969 newspaper article describing his exploits.
8) Mary Lindell. Incomplete article about her life and death in Ravensbrück prison.
9) Suzanne (Mrs. Paul) Cole. Sunday Express article, January 31, 1965 reviewing “In Trust and in Treason” by Gordon Young, Paul Cole’s biographer.
10) Emlyn Jones, Bruce Mepham, Henry Eickoff, and John Hughes: D-Day+25 newspaper article about their landing on the shore of France.
11) Stanley Hollis V.C.: Sunday Telegraph, June 1, 1969, article.
12) John Goldsmith: Sunday Times Weekly, 3 January, 1971 review.
13) Ronald Seth: Weekend October 7-11, 1959 article.
F.22 “S.O.E. Dutch Section "N’”:
1) Map (Serial Map #276) “outflanking the Rocket Coast” re 1945. On the reverse: Map (Serial Map #s 242, 284) “Closing in on Japan”. Printed after March 1945.
2) Newspaper article about Anne Frank 24 November, 1963.
3) Cookridge notes, handwritten.
4) Newspaper articles on “safe houses”, and survival of Auschwitz and Dachau.
5) “Englandspiel” and Major Giskes. Newspaper article in Weekend, June 27-July 1, 1962; Times (London) article, July 15, 1950; reviews of Giskes’s book, and two related clippings.
F.23 “S.O.E. Scandinavia: Norway, Denmark”, and Sweden:
1) Article about Quisling.
2) Article about the German landing in Norway.
3) Cookridge’s notes, handwritten.
4) British Survey Vol III (20) pp 73-76 “Germany and Denmark” n.d.
5) Peter Hershend:1945 newspaper article about Danish underground.
6) Radio Times February 24, 1973: article on sabotage at Telemark, Germany’s atomic centre.
7) Sunday Telegraph June 8, 1967. Story about the Norwegian heavy water plant.
8) Sunday Telegraph, June 8, 1967. “How the Germans Bungled the Bomb.”
9) Newspaper article: “Denmark’s Way in War” on Danish Resistance.
10) Correspondence between Cookridge and Poul Hansen regarding Hansen’s bewilderment over his own role in S.O.E. in Denmark, and requesting assistance from Cookridge. Part of the file contains Xerox copies of faded photostatic copies of documents.
11) Two articles on the disappearance of Raul Wallenberg in Russia (1956).
F.24 “S.O.E. Far East”: “Malaya, Burma”:
1) Newspaper article: “The Queen’s Guerillas”, Sunday Dispatch September 6, 1959.
2) Newspaper article: “The jungle girl joins the army” Sunday Dispatch September13, 1959.
3) Newspaper article: “How we blew up Burma Oil” Sunday Telegraph, February 14, 1965.
Box 7
“Inside S.O.E.” Scrapbook of British reviews of the book. Also contains launch-party invitations, guest lists. Newspaper clippings, both glued to the pages and loose in the book, contain review comments. Also contains promotional materials from the publishers. In addition, two envelopes of clippings deal with “The England Game” played by the Nazis in Holland; other topics.
Box 8
“From Battenberg to Mountbatten”: (Boxes 8-9)
F.1 Early (first?) draft in box. Pages are cut and pasted, of odd sizes, and heavily annotated.
F.2 Final draft typescript. In box.
F.3 Background material:
1) Genealogical tree for descendants of Queen Victoria. On reverse, photographs of Princess Beatrice; Beatrice with her Hesse nieces.
2) Genealogical tree for the Greek Royal family, showing connections to Battenbergs, and descendants from George I and Grand Duchess Olga of Russia.
On reverse, acknowledgement by author of assistance by Battenbergs.
3) Card-mounted genealogy, different from (1) above, of Queen Victoria’s descendants.
4) Newspaper clipping with short political statement about Battenberg/Mountbatten dynasty.
5) Cookridge’s handwritten notebook on the genealogy of the Hesse/Battenberg family, beginning in 772 A.D.
6) Photostatic copy of black-bordered letter from Balmoral on 4 August, 1886, written by Queen Victoria, in German.
7) Typewritten synopsis of individuals in the Battenberg genealogy, including a list of illustrations.
F.4 Correspondence.
F.5 Synopses, from first draft, to the final draft for published book.
F.6 Draft of Prologue.
F.7 Draft material, miscellaneous.
F.8 File of correspondence labeled “Mather” who was working in close collaboration with Cookridge. There is talk of a co-authorship, and several exchanges of letters. Mather was certainly a "rewrite editor".
F.9 Chapter12; three drafts.
F.10 Illustrations for book:
1) captions for pictures loose in envelope;
2) photographic plate layout, with individual pictures identified, and final negatives for plates;
3) historical pictures of Mountbattens/Battenbergs; their Russian cousins, Edwina, Lady Mountbatten’s family; Lord Louis’s family;
4) caricature entitled “Louis and Alexander of Battenberg visiting Queen Victoria in June, 1879” drawn by Prince Louis;
5) pictures of Lord Louis Mountbatten of Burma at all ages, and of Edwina, Lady Mountbatten of Burma;
6) “Queen Victoria and her Children”;
7) H.R.H. Prince Philip (Mountbatten), Duke of Edinburgh. Photograph series;
8) pictures of the Marquess of Milford Haven (David Battenberg), and some of the women in his life;
9) newspaper photograph (1965) of Heiligenberg Castle near Darmstadt, Germany, the seat of the Battenbergs. It was sold after World War I, and after World War II became a teachers’ college;
10) newspaper photograph of German or Swiss hotel register page with signatures of Lord Louis and Lady Edwina, and their daughter Pamela. N.d. Original newsprint copy retained.
F.11 Draft of outline for a series, and the eight chapters of the series called “Prince Philip the Bold”, copyrighted by “J.P. Gallagher” in London, 1964.
F.12 Proof copy of book index.
Box 9A
F.1 1) Copy of extract from the book (vide infra ) of Hough, Richard: “Vindication of the Mountbattens” published in the Observer Magazine,15 September, 1974, pp 20-35.
2) Reviews of Hough’s book: “Louis and Victoria: the First Mountbattens”.
F.2 English reviews of book.
F.3 German reviews of book. Original newsprint, mounted; in good condition.
“The Baron of Arizona”:
F.4 Proposals for a book, suggested bibliography, outlines:
1) Outline by "E Orips", story outline by "Peter S. Leighton", and "George’s Draft" (see item19, this file);
2) Typewritten article (on onionskin): “The Red Baron” by Clarence Buddington Kelland;
3) Documentation and Selected Bibliography of the book in various stages of completion;
4) 2 copies of pp. 302-305;
5) unidentified handwritten comments about the manuscript pages (Cookridge?);
6) letter to "E.S. Spire" from the University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, Librarian D. O. Kelley, 1965, on his library’s resources on the topic;
7) outline of book, 1963;
8) Correspondence with University of Oklahoma Press regarding permission to paraphrase passages from D. M. Powell’s “The Peralta Grant”,1965;
9) Uncorrected outline of proposed book;
10) letter, 1965, to "E.S. Spire" from New Mexico State Records and Archives regarding the trial of J. A. Reavis on the Peralta land grant fraud;
11) letter, 1966, to the Librarian at the Arizona Archives requesting photographs of James Reavis, his wife, and other matters relating to the Peralta case;
12) correspondence with Arizona Photographic Associates Inc., regarding provision of document photographs, 1966;
13) correspondence with the City of Phoenix Library on the matter of photographs, 1966 ;
14) correspondence with the Phoenix Gazette regarding provision of material from the newspaper archives, 1965;
15) correspondence with the Arizona Pioneer Historical Society about background information on the Peralta Grant trial, 1965;
16) letter, 1965, from Donald M. Powell regarding permission to quote from his book ;
17) correspondence with Sunset Magazine regarding sources of information, 1965;
18) Undated letter to Arizona Highways regarding background information;
19) letter from George Kay, 1965.
F.5 Background material for the book:
1) newspaper clippings, reviews, and journal articles, including June1895 photocopies of the Gazette regarding the trial;
2) a copy of an article by Peter S. Leighton which was published elsewhere;
3) other reference documents, land grant data, and photocopies of the Arizona Star articles on the trial.
F.6 Background research for book:
1) Large1904 facsimile copy of 1811 map of “Nuevo Espana” (New Mexico and Texas, largely);
2) Envelope of illustrations for the book, including plate negatives;
3) Historical information and four approaches to the story;
4) Research notes, handwritten by Cookridge;
5) Chronology of Reavis’s life;
6) “Genealogy of the Peraltas”;
7) Sample chapter for L. Pottinger, Ltd.;
8) “Suggestions for Chapter 5”.
F.7 First draft (partial). Boxed.
F.8 Final, copy-edited draft manuscript, complete with the Index draft and its galleys. Boxed.
Box 9B
F.9 Final typewritten draft of book. Boxed.
F.10 Galley proofs of book, including the index. Boxed.
F.11 “The Third Man” – Contents of Envelope, “Philby, Spain”, Spanish reviews and rear cover of the dust jacket of the Spanish edition.
F.12 “The Third Man”: Philby – European press cuttings and articles; congratulatory telegrams, front cover of dust jacket. Invitation from Hatchard’s to the reception for ‘Authors of the Year’.
F.13 “The Third Man” Xerox copies of newspaper reviews, mainly in English.
F.14 “The Third Man” Newspaper clippings, reviews, in German.
Box 10A
“Gehlen: The Spy of the Century” (Boxes 10-12)
F.1 Proposal for the book, and a tentative arrangement of chapters. There is also a proposed collaboration between Cookridge and L. Farago, which never materialized.
F.2 Materials relevant to the book: typed early version of notes meant to follow the last chapter; typed copy of ‘Chapter10’ with markups.
F.3 Photographs from book, found in a box of other pictures.
F.3a, b Manuscript carbon copies, sorted by chapters, and including Table of Contents, Glossary, and illustrations (In two boxes). The divisions, which are numbered separately, do not necessarily correspond with final chapter numbers, i.e. Division 12 says "Chapter11". In (a) are two versions of “Chapter 6”, and the box ends at "Chapter11". (b) contains Chapter12 to end.
Box 10B
F.4 Early draft of manuscript, and notes, both marked up. Boxed.
F.5 a, b Early draft of Hodder manuscript, and galley proof of Notes, and Table of Contents included. One page seriously damaged. 5(a) contains Chapters1-12; 5(b) from13 to the end of the book. Most chapters are typed, with annotations. Chapter 1 has major handwritten sections, and almost certainly is a first draft. The galley proof contains handwritten note of publication information. (In two boxes).
Box 10C
F.6 Printed unbound forms with corrections.
F.7 Printed, unbound forms, untrimmed, with cover.
Box 11
F.1 Pictures:
1944-45 pictures of German soldiers surrendering to Allied forces in France, Holland, Belgium. Official British Press photographs
Pictures of Adolf Hitler1925 (studio photographs) and later.
Plate mock-up compiled from already-published pictures.
Places, maps, equipment, etc. illustrated in book.
Glossy prints from photographs in book.
Loose glossies.
Photographs of individuals, some unidentified.
F.2 Other documents:
Xerox copies of places, maps, and newspaper clippings.
A German joke about Gehlen.
Unconnected loose captions, some of which may belong to “Inside S.O.E.”.
Enlarged photocopies of several crucial telegrams sent by Gehlen near the end of the War,
Enlarged photocopy of radio station information,
Advertising poster for the book.
F.3 Research Notes.
F.4 Footnotes.
F.5 Scherz manuscript. The book was published in German as well as English. File includes revisions to several chapters, and some background material.
F.6 Information about release of book, including press conferences.
F.7 Press reviews, French (Fayard).
F.8 Extracts of reviews, British.
F.9 Press reviews, North American.
F.10 Press reviews, mainly British, but includes an article in Russian.
Box 12A
F.1 Background research material, largely photostats of material in Gehlen’s own files. There is information on personnel, radio activity, ‘deceptive activities’, and intelligence organization. Original photostats, some very faint, retained in envelopes; Xerox copies emphasize contrasts:
Funkspiele, for1944. Table of Contents, with alterations.
Roster of radio operators for1944 includes location, code name and age of operator, and the destination of the broadcast.
Numbered (by Cookridge) series of documents, with descriptions in English (by Cookridge). All documents were from Gehlen’s own files, and are numbered “1” to “16”. Cookridge’s summary list is included. Most relate to the deterioration of Germany’s chances of winning the War, largely because of Hitler’s refusal to take the advice of his generals. Original photostats in envelopes.
F.2 Background research material, from Gehlen’s own files, and other sources:
Hitler’s (1945) plans for an operation behind Soviet lines: “Operation Scherhorn”.
Notices from Feb. 22, 24/’45 to Obersts Weber, Hoyer, respectively.
Typical monthly report from Gehlen to the German High Command. Cookridge says the March 5, 1945 report is "one of the last".
Telegrams from Gehlen, 28 March, 1945, complaining about SS units’ failure to destroy rail and road bridges as he had ordered.
Report of a murder committed by one of the Nazi staff sergeants in Byelorussia.
Hitler’s Jan 21, 1945 telegram to Gehlen removing all "deception and sabotage matters" from Gehlen’s department, and transferring them to Himmler and Goering. Cookridge’s notes amplify the description in 12-1 of the documents concerned. In essence, Gehlen’s analyses of intelligence information, troop strength, and predictions were invariably accurate, and he was certain by 1944 that Germany could not win the war. Gehlen’s colleagues accepted his word as "gospel truth"; Hitler did not want to know the real situation, especially in1945, so he "fired" Gehlen.
Notes on available folders of German intelligence and security organization.
Gehlen’s "201" file, containing biographical information and a summary of important events in his career as a Nazi.
Organizational chart of Gehlen’s staff, with photographs, and additional notes by Cookridge.
Photocopy of photograph (Spring 1943) of Gehlen’s general staff published in Der Spiegel 55:3, August 25, 1954. Additional notes by Cookridge.
Organizational chart of the German army on the Eastern Front.
Issue of Mitteilungsblatt (East Germany) from April, 1968, with letter from Cookridge to Dr. J. Mader, whose article is missing from the paper. No publication information.
Copy of an article, “The National Socialist State,” pp 24-36, by Hildegarde Bosninger (? Handwritten.), 1961. Hoover Library Collection on Germany, #2.
Inventory of papers of Col. W.R. Philp from the Hoover Library. 24 pages. US Military Intelligence, reports, papers.
Bibliography of film frames on Russian POWs, situations in Russia, Middle East.
Gehlen? One page of discussion (17 January1945) Feindliche Operationsmoglichkeiten und Krafteanzatz gegen Heeresgruppe Nord [Possibilities of enemy operations and attacks against northern army groups]. Essentially an analysis of Russian plans.
Microfilm reference: Germany, Wehrmacht, Oberkommando, Berichte September1939-December1942. Hoover Library
Dust jacket from English edition of book.
Draft of Chapter 12 of the book, 5 pages.
F.3 Gehlen, R. “Der Dienst”; Gehlen’s own account of his activities during World War II. Xerox copy, unbound. In box.
“Spy Trade”:
F.4 Outlines in three stages. Original proposed title: “A Spy for a Spy”.
F.5 Background notes and miscellaneous loose pages of manuscript drafts.
F.6 Correspondence relating to book, including George Kay, William McCuaig (with photograph), and permissions from other authors.
F.7 Background notes on Dr. Vögel, including correspondence.
F.8 Press cuttings, most in English, but from both Britain and North America.
F.9 Magazine interviews with Cookridge, one in Italian, one in Spanish, on the subject of the book.
Ottolenghi, Sandro. ?1972. La Guerrigliera Leila era un Agente Secreto
Ottolenghi, Sandro.1972. La Guerrilera Leila. Gacetta Illustrada (# 700) Jan. 9, 1972.
F.10 Photographs.
Box 12B
F.11 Five revised manuscript chapters, unnumbered.
F.12 Early draft, but of miscellaneous unnumbered chapters, as in F.11.
F.13 Typed, revised partial manuscript, Chapters 2-11 inclusive, with corrections. Boxed.
F.14 Final draft, in chapters, with corrections. Boxed.
Box 13A
“Orient Express; The Life and Times of the World’s Most Famous Train” (Boxes 13-14)
F.1 Development and prospectuses.
F.2 First draft, in large envelope. 1) Notes to George Kay, and responses 2) Preface, various chapters with insertions, e.g. ‘spy’ series. Incomplete?
F.3 Early draft, Chapters1-6 inclusive. Also notes to and from George Kay. In large envelope.
F.4 Early draft, marked up, with comments by George Kay. Chapters 6 (2 versions) to13. In large envelope.
F.5 Carbon copies of typed manuscript. Pages missing from several chapters. In large envelope.
F.6 Typewritten manuscript with corrections; taken from envelope labeled, “Cookridge: duplicate manuscript of ‘Orient Express; The Life and Times…’” In large envelope.
Box 13B
F.7 1) Final typewritten manuscript. 2) Xerox copy of numbered proposed photographs for book. 3) Photostats of montage of proposed photographic plates, without captions. In large envelope.
F.8 Final copy for typesetter. In large envelope.
F.9 Galley proofs with typescript insertions; no pictures. In large envelope.
Box 14A
F.1 Xerox copy of page proofs. In large envelope.
F.2 Xerox copy of first pass galley from envelope labeled: “First and second pass Xerox.” In large envelope.
F3 Revisions to typeset pages from previous file (14-2). In large envelope.
F.4 Xerox copy of second pass typeset pages with typesetter’s markups. In large envelope.
F.5 Repros of typeset copy; loose pages. In large envelope.
Box 14B
F.6 Blues. Final proof copy for printing in forms. In large envelope.
F.7 1) Index proofs. 2) End papers 3) Master set: first pass copy of index, with a copy of same.
F.8 Photographs and illustrations, background material for illustrations, photostats of illustrations, and picture captions, acetate negatives of plates, dust jackets.
F.9 Two sets of unbound prints of the photographic plates, and typeset title page mock-up.
F.10 Original layout of photographic plates mounted on original card backing. In envelope.
F.11 Background material for book. Bibliography data.
F.12 Correspondence, permissions, etc.
F.13 American press reviews; Xerox copies. Envelopes addressed to “Peter Spiro”, dated February 26 and June 21, 1979. Peter was E.H. Cookridge’s son.
F.14 Research cuttings from various sources: most have been xeroxed. File includes a Spanish language copy of the Cook Wagons-Lit magazine dated 1965.
F.15 British press reviews.
F.16 “Stamp Collecting” Dust jacket for this book by “E.H. Spire” (Cookridge). Published by Collins; # 4 in its "Nutshell’ series
F.17 E. H. Cookridge: partial curriculum vitae, his own summaries of his book publications, and a brief collection of press reviews of his books.
Box 15
Glass plate negatives used in “Gehlen: Spy of the Century”. Negatives are singly supported, and wrapped in acid-free paper. They are identified as being printed between adjacent page numbers in the published book, since the plates are not numbered. Individual images are reproduced from the glass negatives; the negatives do not represent the entire plate.
F.1 Image of code book (pp178-179); portraits not used in book.
F.2 Cable apparatus (pp 210-211); other portraits not used in book.
F.3 Two pictures of Reinhard Gehlen, one at his desk, the other in a meeting (pp50-51).
F.4 1) Frontispiece for a book (pp18-19); 2) Hitler shaking hands with his young ‘werewolves’ (pp. 82-83); 3) portrait and an East German identity card.
F.5 “Gehlen: Spy of the Century”: Map indicating area in which Gehlen stored his records until he could make contact with American leadership in order to begin working for them after the war.
F.6 Two US generals: Clay and McNarney (pp.114-115). Complete print (in Box11, File1) includes Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower. Negative also contains a picture of Gehlen and two others, but it is not found in the published book.
F.7 Map of postwar zones in Germany and their governance (p.141).
F.8 Negative of 7 Nazi leaders. Four (Dombrowski, Brunner, Worzitsky, and Krummins) found pp 242-243; Lauterbacher found pp 210-211; Baun on pp146-147. One portrait not identified.
F.9 Forged identity card, portrait of “Walter Gromach” (pp178-179).
F.10 Buildings, internal structures:
File cabinets (pp178-179)
Front gate and building at Kransberg (pp146-147),
US camp at Oberursel (pp146-147)
F.11 Portraits, apparatus.
Microfilm shown under magnification (pp178-179)
“Gehlen” in later years; Gehlen denied it was he. (pp 306-307)
Von Rittberg (pp 50-51).
F.12 Variety of people, structures.
Lotz on his horse (pp 242-243)
Guard walking with dog at Pullach (pp146-147);
Radio reception station, Pullach (pp178-179);
Tape recorder ring (pp 242-243)
Trüppen Ubersicht frontispiece. Not used in book.
Box 16
Glass negatives used to provide photographic plates for “Gehlen: Spy of the Century”. Individual images may not have been used, and plates tend to be comprised of images from several acetate negatives. Page numbers represent the position in the book where the image may be found.
F.1 Numbered ‘Plate 40’ Sign in Russian used to mislead. (pp 210-211).
F.2 Gehlen in retirement. Two pictures, pp 306-307.
F.3 Organizational chart of Gehlen’s staff (pp 338-339).
F.4 Student group, pp18-19. Plate broken; fragile; held together by photographic masking tape.
F.5 Three photographs:
US Army camp at Bad Tolz, pp. 242-243
Gerhard Wessel, Gehlen’s successor in German Intelligence, pp 306-307.
Dieter Blötz, former Social Democratic Party official, who was appointed Vice-President in1970, pp. 306-307
F.6 Background material not used in book – letter from Geyer.
F.7 Two photographs: Gehlen meeting an informer, pp.274-275; Gehlen with Capt. Strick-Strickfeldt and Gen. Malyshkin of Gen. Vlasov’s Second Soviet Army, pp. 50-51.
F.8 Thirteen portraits from book:
Wilhemn Zeisser and Erich Mielke, pp 210-211
Kreidl, the farmhand, pp114-115
Edwin L. Sibert, pp114-115
Hermann Kastner, East German Prime Minister, pp 242-243
Oskar Reile, Abwehr counterespionage, pp146-147
Franz Six, pp146-147.
Walter Schellenberg, pp 50-51
Franz Goring, pp146-147
Otto Skorzeny, pp 50-51
Andrey Vlasov, Soviet Second Army general, pp 50-51
Panzinger, pp 242-243.
Hermann Giskes, Chief of Abwehr in Holland, pp146-147.
Hans Joachim Koch, pp 210-211.
F.9 Seven portraits and a photograph of a building.
Two pictures of Ernst Wollweber; police photographs, pp 210-211.
Adolph Heisinger, pp18-19.
Heinz Guderian, pp18-19.
Erich von Manstein, pp18-19.
Siegfried Dombrowski, defector, pp 242-243.
Alexis von Roenne, pp 50-51.
Franz Halder, pp18-19.
Building: East German Ministry for State Security, Normannenstrasse, East Berlin.
Box 17
Glass plate negatives in box, from “Gehlen”, “Spy Trade” and “Inside S.O.E.”
F.1 “Gehlen, Spy of the Century” negative of tunnel for radio equipment, controls.
F.2 “Gehlen…”
1) ‘Pl 37’ American radar station, pp.210-211.
2) Diagram of tunnel for Soviet communication lines – not found in books.
F.3 Microphone. ‘Shur Co.’ US intelligence machine. Not found in books.
F.4 Radio transmitter microphone in Soviet staff car – US intelligence. Not found in books.
F.5 “Gehlen…” Chalet at Misery Meadow. Pp.114-115.
F.6 “Inside S.O.E.” Photograph of Paris Gestapo, pp. 304-305
F.7 “Spy Trade” Portraits:
1) V.Y. Semichastny, Head of KGB, 1961-1967. pp 224-225
2) A.N. Shelepin, Head of KGB, 1958-1961, pp.224-225
3) Statuette hiding codes and microfilms, pp.192-193
4) V.A. Pripoltzev, KGB agent in West Germany, pp.192-193
F.8 “Spy Trade” Negatives of portraits.
1) Gudrun Heidl – Soviet spy. Pp 256-257
2) Irene Schultz – spy in West Germany, pp. 256-257
3) Jindrich Augustin – Soviet spy, pp.192-193.
4) Alfred Frenzel – West German MP, Communist spy. Picture in Daily Telegraph, 10 October, 1969.
5) Karl and Erna Driehaus – spies in West Germany, pp. 256-257 (two pictures).
6) Wilhelm Lehmann – KGB agent, pp.192-193
7) Hans Felfe – double agent in Gehlen’s office, pp. 224-225.
8) Unknown individual – picture not used in books.
“Inside S.O.E.”:
F.9 R. to L.: four women: Khan, Beekman, Szabo, and Rowden, all executed by the Nazis.
F.10 From the caption in the book: “Unidentified W/T operation at work…”
F.11 L to R: Starr, Pierre de Vonnecourt, Michael Trotbas, Henri Dericourt, Maurice Southgate with Alfred and Henry Newton, Robert Heslop.
F.12 L to R: Flemming Muus, Lorens Duus Hansen, R. C. Hollingsworth, unknown gentleman with pipe.
F.13 L to R: Virginia Hall, Gustave Bieler, Gilbert Norman, Jack Agazarian, Harry Peulevé, France Antelme.
F.14 Anton van der Walls.
F.15 L to R: Benjamin Cowburn, Pierre Culioli.
F.16 Some of the forged forms, rubber stamps and signatures manufactured by the S.O.E. ‘false documents’ section.
Box 18
Glass plate negatives, some broken, from a variety of books.
F.1 “Shadow of a Spy”: Dutch birth certificate of George Blake, pp 64-65
F.2 “Shadow of a Spy”: Blake’s marriage certificate.
F.3 “Blake” files. Two portraits of George Blake, but only partial negatives of the same photographs published in “Shadow of a Spy”.
F.4 Portrait of Noel Field, which does not appear in any published book in the collection.
F.5 Five portraits of unidentified persons; one may be Kim Philby, but none appears in any published volume.
F.6 Negative of radio transmitter apparatus that US intelligence used in a Soviet staff car operating in the USA. Photograph has a caption, but does not appear in any of the published books in the collection.
F.7 Apparatus used by US Intelligence for up to 50 kg of anti-Soviet propaganda leaflets. The apparatus was attached to a balloon and floated over Soviet territory. Illustration not found in any of the published books.
F.8 Three photographs: Man with ?bowler hat; George Blake?; Spy apparatus; unidentified usage.
None of these pictures appears as an illustration in any of the published books in the fonds.
F.9 Two photographs of groups of people, unidentified. Neither appears in any of the published books in the collection.
F.10 “History of the British Secret Service” (never published): Portrait of Sir Francis Walsingham (1587).
F.11 “History of the British Secret Service” (never published): Portrait of J. C. Ardagh.
F.12 “History of the British Secret Service” (never published): Portrait of Maj.-Gen. Charles E. Callwell.
Series 2
Published Newspaper and Magazine Articles. --1943-1976. -- 66 cm of textual records. -- Title based on content of series.
Box 19A
Note: Boxes 19A/B consist substantially of essays and newspaper/magazine articles, with and without typescripts. These originate from Cookridge’s files labeled “Own Articles” and are frequently pseudonymous. The original order had the published article separate from the typescript; as much as possible, they have been reunited. The more frequently used pseudonyms each have a separate file. Where articles and typescripts were collated under a "topic", e.g. "pets", the original order has been maintained.
F.1 “Geheimdienst Chef ohne Maske” Newspaper series on “Gehlen…”, in German. Series ran from February to April, 1974. Collection includes #s 7, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14. No publication information. Also, Panorama 21 March, 1974, article, “Geldmangel in Pullach…”
F.2 Series of 1,000 word essays, undated. Titles:
Hitler’s Last Easter
This is Hitler’s Last Fortress
Three Men will rule Germany
The Stage is Set for War Crimes Trials
The Germans won’t get another Chance
The Nazis Prepare their Alibis
Nazis’ ‘Secret General Staff’
As well, there is background material for essays 5, 6, and 7, and for 5, “Riess, B. Escape for the War Criminals” Leader, Feb. 10, 1945, pp 7, 8.
All the above articles were published in daily newspapers under "E.H. Cookridge", mostly1943-45, and generally are propaganda on the decline of the Nazis. Other articles, on USSR: possible successors to Stalin, and collapse of Fascism in Italy. Typescripts and published article(s) fastened together in cataloguing.
Included are two British publications called “The Nazis at War”, #44, 26 January, 1943, and #47, 2 April, 1943, each 9 pages in length, and containing translations to English of "Materials on Germany Designed to Aid the Study of Men, Affairs, and Trends". The masthead also indicates that: "The material here presented is concerned with facts, recent and remote, bearing on the present world crisis. The quotations are throughout faithfully translated from authentic sources, German and non-German."
F.3 Articles by “E.H. Cookridge”, including an early draft of “The Red Rebel of Indo-China (about Ho Chi Minh)”, and a draft essay. Most articles are from daily newspapers, and published in 1946 and after.
F.4 Collection of columns called “Hard Facts About…” by “Ipa” (presumably Cookridge) from Leader magazine of September12, 1945 – August 24, 1946. In envelope; fragile.
F.5 Newspaper/magazine articles, and manuscripts published as “Peter Leighton”. They cover a range of topics often also covered in Cookridge’s books, but including justice and judges, elephant ivory and smuggling, and ephemera.
F.6 Series of newspaper articles published as “Albert Gurinc”. Found in Manchester Evening News February 2-5, 1953 as Trial by Terror. Articles deal with life in Communist countries.
F.7 Newspaper/magazine articles published as “Peter Morland”; some are undated, others are1946-1948. Topics: agriculture, food, medicine, New Year’s Honours. File includes published Bulletin121 of MAFF, 1945, “The Cultivation of Medicinal Plants.”
F.8 Three newspaper articles published as “Ronald Morland” in 1953. Topics: tramps (hoboes), excessive noise, taxis.
F.9 Newspaper articles published as “Ronald Reckitt”. Topics: Economics, resources.
F.10 Article written as “Oswald Ripps” on Gambling.
F.11 Newspaper/magazine articles published as “Edward H. Spire” from1945-1953. Topics: neurology; philately; postwar Japanese war trials; economics. For this pseudonym, see also Series 4 “Philately”
F.12 Newspaper articles published as “Edward H. Spiro” Topics: tourism, theatre, philately. For this name, see also Series 4 “Philately”.
F.13 Miscellaneous pseudonyms, and general topics covered under each pseudonym:
1) John Baker – Employment.
2) Alison Bury - Fakirs
3) Bill Chaney - Psychology
4) E. K. Chatham Smith - Manpower
5) H. F. Church – Theft of Pets, Taxation; politics
6) Captain Herbert Cooper – Middle East
7) G. Fairchild – Marine exploration
8) George Fairfield – Food supply
9) Sylvia Gregg – Courtship
10) John Gregory – Safety
11) Muriel Harris – Fashion
12) George Howard - Professions
13) A. B. or B. Hutchinson – Trade, Food supply
14) Joyce Lewis – English Traditions
15) Capt. Kenneth Mills – Middle East,1947
16) Ian Newbold – Cultural History
17) Habak Orips-Smith – Church
18) Raynham S. Parker – Matters Ecclesiastical
19) Rayner Parker – Coffee
20) R.W. Russell – Food
21) Peter Taylor – Auctions
22) Joan Trevor – Women’s Concerns
23) E. Howard Spearman – Political Geography
24) Clifford Tucker – International Politics
25) Dorothy van Rose – Social Behaviour
26) Wilfred Webster – Insurance
27) Dr. Joseph Wender – Neurosis
28) Michael Wentworth – Consumer Economics
29) Ronald Wetherall – Crime
30) Anonymous – Ballroom Dancing.
F.14 Writing anonymously, but catalogued under “own writings”, a few newspaper articles on a variety of topics, 1945-1953.
F.15 Newspaper article, relating to "How We Beat Hitler’s Spies": E. H. Cookridge, “An IOU was his Death Warrant” Sunday Dispatch Nov.18, 1945. The article indicates ‘Another Installment’ for the following week, but it is not in the fonds.
Box 19B
F.16 “Own Articles” Topic: “Pets” Some articles, with unmatched typescripts, and background information.
F.17 “Own Articles” Topic: “And So to Bed” (about ‘sleeping correctly’). Four typescript versions of this article, written over time, and each with a different pseudonym. There is no information about possible publication.
F.18 Three newspaper articles drawn from “Inside S.O.E.”, about Der Englandspiel (The England Game). Published in The Sunday Telegraph June19, 26, and July 3, 1966. See Series 1 in this fonds regarding the above title. There is also a newspaper article, in French, from L’Aurore, 4 Feb.1969 regarding “Set Europe Ablaze” (British Title: “Inside S.O.E.”), with a photograph of the participants in the 25th reunion of D-Day, including Cookridge.
F.19 Newspaper serials by various authors on Reinhard Gehlen. File contains the typescript of Cookridge’s articles drawn from Gehlen: The Spy of the Century, and xerox copies and originals, of the articles from The Daily Telegraph, the first on April 19, 1969. As well, the third article, which appeared 3 May, 1969 appears to be abbreviated.
F.20 Magazine serials by other authors about Gehlen. All were published later than Cookridge’s articles.
1) Photocopy of two articles, in Spanish, by Reinhard Gehlen: Esclusivo: Un Documento Storico. A) Parla Gehlen La Superspia, and B) La Guerra Secreta con Berlino Est . Photocopy is very faint. From EP00A1155, 19 November, 1972.
2) Quick ‘Exklusiv’ series. Die Gehlen-Story by Wilfred Ahrens and Paul W. Limbach. From Quick #s 41-48 inclusive, 1971. In German.
3) Der Spiegel series: “Pullach Intern” by Hermann Zolling and Heinz Höhne. Fifteen articles on the history of the Bundesnachrichtendienst (German Secret Service), largely about Gehlen and the other security chiefs. Cookridge’s account is mentioned. In German.
F.21 Newspaper article derived from “Spy Trade”: The Strangest Trade in the World: Bartering Spies. Daily Telegraph, October 10, 1969. Includes copy of the ad for the article.
F.22 Newspaper series: “Secrets of Soviet Espionage” from The Leicester Evening Mail May 10-14, 17, 1954. Final copy of article in collection from the Sunday Sun of July 4, 1954
F.23 Typescript of five articles called “Delilahs of Today”, with the published copies from The Weekly Overseas Mail beginning March 5-9, 1953, and entitled “Women Spies”. ”. Additional draft manuscript on Rehab the Harlot in the Old Testament as a spy for Joshua.
F.24 “Treacherous Women” Ad for a series of six articles in The Sunday Mail May-July, 1959. The articles themselves are by ‘Edward Cookridge’.
F.25 “Mata Hari’s Daughter”: Two sets of typescripts (in envelope), ultimately published as four articles weekly in Reveille beginning November19, 1959. Included is genealogical and biographical information on ‘Mata Hari’ (Gertrude Zelle).
F.26 Two copies of The Daily Telegraph # 606, July 3, 1976 containing Articles 1 and 2 combined as a single story: “Amid This Susurration of Spies” pp.10-15.
F.27 German version of “Amid This Susurration of Spies”, called Inmitten von Spionen-Geflüster, published as three articles in Zurich’s Die Tat #282, Tuesday, Nov. 30, 1976, # 293, Monday, December13, 1976, and # 307, Wednesday, December 29, 1976. File contains original newspaper sheets, and xerox copies of articles.
F.28 “Amid This Susurration of Spies”, Manuscript versions of ‘Article 1’ and ‘Article 2’ which were later combined for the Daily Telegraph article.
F.29 Partial manuscripts, odd pages from Articles1 and 2 of “Amid This Susurration of Spies”.
F.30 “Amid This Susurration of Spies”: Correspondence: contractual, developmental, fiscal, and legal matters.
Box 20A
F.1 Stages of typescripts for the first of three magazine articles on the CIA, entitled “The Biggest Secret Service in the World” Published in the Sunday magazine of The Daily Telegraph #376:10-16, 14 January, 1972.
F.2 Stages of typescripts for second article on the CIA, “The Africa Dossier” Published in the Sunday magazine of The Daily Telegraph #377: 25-30, 21 January, 1972.
F.3 Stages of typescripts for the third article on the CIA, “Dead Letters in Salisbury”. Published in the Sunday magazine of The Daily Telegraph #378: 30-34, 28 January, 1972.
F.4 Typescripts of first drafts of essays entitled “Dutschke”, “Special Forces”, “Middle East” contained in the same box as the typescripts for F.1, 2, and 3, and similarly marked up, as were the first drafts of those three articles. The information in the essays may have been incorporated into the final published articles.
F.5 Series of four newspaper articles on the CIA published in Politican Sondag from Copenhagen between13 February and 5 March, 1972. in Danish. Original newspaper sheets, presumably translations of the Sunday Telegraph articles, and with some of the same pictures. See also correspondence in this box, F. 8.
F.6 Original issues of the Sunday magazines from The Daily Telegraph containing Cookridge’s CIA articles: “The Biggest Secret Service in the World”, “The African Dossier”, and “Dead Letters in Salisbury”, from January14, 21, and 28, 1972.
F.7 In Los Domingos de ABC Spanish translations of Cookridge’s CIA articles, but published 6, 13, and 20 August, 1972. Title of each: “La CIA al desundo”. File also contains a newspaper article from ABC Madrid, entitled “Heroicos Cubanos”.
F.8 Handwritten notes, correspondence regarding CIA articles, and also research to1978. Lists of CIA operatives, and some CIA operations to1971.
F.9 “Spies and Spying”
1) Two sets of typescripts: first draft and final typescript for articles entitled “Spying” and “Security”. The Daily Telegraph published two articles on June15, 1973: “Espionage: Does the Spy Still Exist?” (#450:16-21) and “The Secret Way to Retaliate” (#450: 23-26). In the file is a third article by R. Palmer (not a Cookridge pseudonym) entitled “A Patsy in the Office.1) A Mike in the Ashtray: Industrial Espionage”
2) Two issues of Blanco y Negro Vol 83 (3201) with the Palmer article translated into Spanish as: “Las Armas Secretas del Espionage Industrial” pp14-19. The second issue of the magazine, Vol 83 (3202):58-63 has Cookridge’s article “Los Estados se Vigilan” which the magazine regards as #2 in the series.
F.10 Magazine article “Four Roads to Dachau” from The Daily Telegraph #543: 26-34, April 25, 1975. File contains typescript of article, a typescript of Cookridge’s suggested additions, some background research material, correspondence about the article before and after its publication, speeches and programme for the memorial plaque ceremony at Dachau, faint Xerox pictures of Beekman and Plewman, and two copies of the magazine. [One of his most powerful pieces of writing.]
F.11 “The Secret Heroes” Two Daily Telegraph articles marking the 25th Anniversary of D-Day:
1) ‘Private War of the Special Agents’ Daily Telegraph #242 May 30,1969
2) ‘…and 51 Locomotives were Destroyed’ Daily Telegraph #243, June 6, 1969
File contains intact magazine for each story, and excised copy of each story, where #2 is incomplete.
F.12 “The Secret Heroes” Drafts and galley proofs of each article.
F.13 “The Secret Heroes” Background material: Handwritten notes about people mentioned; aide-memoire regarding Jacques Poirier and others; address to Col. Buckmaster from 20 May, 1969; several copies of La Vie de la Résistance, a monthly newspaper for former Resistance fighters, including July-August, 1964, and Special editions August, 1964 (two copies); January, 1965; part of Contre Presse from Feb 9, 1969, recounting the massacre at Tulle in 1944. Newspapers in French.
Box 20B
F.14 “The Secret Heroes”. Postwar information:
1) Covering document by Raymond Picard regarding battalion movements for the FFCI military region at Toulouse. Sent to the General Commandant of the 5th Military Region at Toulouse on February 25, 1947. In French.
2) Sections 1 and 2 of the battalion’s activities, losses, and operations from1941–Sept.1944, when the liberation of France occurred. In French.
3) “Chefs et Liquidateurs des Anciens Réseaux des Forces Françaises Combattants” .Typed booklet containing names, code names, position, and current address of the battalion’s resistance fighters. Created June 1961. In French.
F.15 Organizing correspondence and feedback for the March 1969 tour of their regions of wartime action, and the reunion of a group of surviving French and British resistance fighters, sponsored by The Daily Telegraph in celebration of D-Day and the articles which appeared as “The Secret Heroes”. Mixture of French and English correspondence. Cookridge obtained most of the organizing letters from Vera Atkins and Lise Villamaure as background for the articles.
F.16 “Smuggling” by Peter Leighton. Daily Mail July 7, 1963. Drafts of manuscripts, envelope of related photographs, copy of first printed installment, background material, correspondence. Original submission by ‘Norman Moss’, and pseudonymous introductory letter to the Features Editor of the Daily Express.
F.17 “Smuggling” Draft Synopses by Peter Leighton, W. N. Dover, with draft articles by E. H. Cookridge. Also numerous newspaper clippings, some from the Press & Information Office of the House of Commons, where Cookridge worked. Included are several published articles on “Piracy” by another author.
F.18 “They Almost Escaped” by "Michael Wentworth". File includes correspondence with Rupert Crew, prospectus, synopses as ‘Michael Wentworth’, early drafts, final draft and six articles published weekly in Reveille, Dec. 8, 1958–Feb. 5, 1959.
F.19 “Were These Perfect Crimes?” by ‘Michael Wentworth’. Synopsis for series, typescript for three articles. Photocopies of five articles and a ‘teaser’, published in Tit-Bits October 24-November 21, 1959.
F.20 “Were These Perfect Crimes?” and “They Almost Escaped”. Background Material.
F.21 “The Spy Next Door” – Synopses of four articles by E. H. Cookridge and a proposed article by “Justin Atholl”. Correspondence, manuscript drafts, part of one published article.
F.22 “The Grimaldis” Two prospectuses for a series of newspaper articles by ‘E.H. Cookridge’, drafts of three articles, and published versions of two (beginning 16 April, 1956 in the Daily Mail. ). See also “The Grimaldis” in Series 5 and portions of the unpublished book, with genealogy, photographs, and partial chapters.
F.23 Several articles by Cookridge on German (WW II) and Soviet (Cold War) Spies. Date range:1945-1973.
Series 3
Legal Issues, Correspondence, Personal. -- 1957-1978. -- 34 cm of textual records. -- Title based on content of series.
Box 21A
F.1 “Blake…” Libel lawsuit by Prison Governor Hayes against Cookridge over statement that Blake had played bridge at the Governor’s home outside the prison walls whilst incarcerated. Correspondence, statement of claim, court statement, fiscal issues.1967-68; correspondence (1969) with Sean Bourke regarding Burke’s role in Blake’s escape.
F.2 “Kantorowicz. Prof. Alfred” regarding “Soviet Spy Net (Zentrale Moskau)” – Libel lawsuit launched by Prof. Alfred Kantorowicz against Cookridge, based upon Cookridge’s statements that Kantorowicz was a Soviet spy. Correspondence, some in German, and Cookridge’s findings when he attempted to substantiate his claims. 1959-61. Also in file, published information from the New Statesman 21 September, 1959, pp 339-340, Harrison, A.: “The Man Who Changed his Mind”; Freiheitsglocke #81, 1 October 1957, and #96, March 1959 (in German); Time Magazine 9 September, 1957, article on Kantorowicz entitled “A Surfeit of Lies”, p. 26; Die Zeit #15, 10 April 1959, Ja, ich war Kommunist , pp I, IV; Deutsche Fragen, 3 issues: Vol 5 (8) August, 1959, Vol 5 (5), May, 1959, and Vol 5 (3), March 1959.
F.3 “Evans, Dwye”. Correspondence about a possible lawsuit over ‘defamatory’ remarks published in The Bookseller by him, accusing Cookridge of ‘plagiarism’ and ‘flagrant exploitation’ in the matter of the title of Cookridge’s book on Kim Philby. Trower, Still & Keeling, 1968-69.
F.4 “The Third Man” – Sunday Times attempt to accuse Cookridge of plagiarism from a series on Philby written by their staffers. Discussion of errors in the text of the book, and of past political activities on the part of them both. 1968-69. Correspondents include: Sir Roger Chance, Rubinstein, Nash &Co., Arthur Barker Ltd., G. Eric R. Gedye, Col. C.H. Ellis, K. Friedmann (ex-husband of Philby’s second wife).
F.5 “The Third Man” – Attempt by Louis Franck to accuse Cookridge of defamation. Cookridge suggested in correspondence that this was part of the Sunday Times’ editor’s ongoing effort to undermine his reputation. Correspondents include: Simmons & Simmons, Arthur Barker Ltd., Oswald, Hickson, Collier &Co. 1968. There are other two other letters in the file, one from the Daily Telegraph (1968) and the other from Rubinstein Callingham (1976)
F.6 “Lindgren, Per, Major”. Articles he submitted in Swedish to Cookridge with a view to having them translated into English and published. Result unknown.
F.7 “Leschander, Walter L.” Correspondence, and two manuscripts.1960-61.
F.8 “Mader, Dr. J.” Correspondence1975-76, regarding the Scherz manuscript of “Gehlen”, publishing rights. Also Cookridge’s reply.
F.9 “Missions Spéciales (Inside S.O.E.)” Lawsuit against Cookridge and his publisher, Fayard, in France by Pierre Agapov about certain statements in the French translation which he claimed reflected badly upon him. Correspondence, accusation, judgements, all in French.
F.10 “Adventures in Stamp Collecting”, Cookridge as plaintiff: Letters regarding the publication of ‘Adventures…"; a lawsuit regarding the review of the book by Robson Lowe which suggested Cookridge was fraudulently offering known stamp forgeries for sale on the open market without advertising them as such,1964-66.
F.11 “Shadow of a Spy” Cookridge/European Copyright Co. as plaintiff, suing Die Welt for unauthorized publication of parts of the book before it was published in Britain. Many complexities in law were evident between the two countries, and a potential contract with Springer Verlag, which owned the newspaper at the time, apparently caused Cookridge to reconsider.
F.12 “Four Roads to Dachau”. Correspondence with Daily Telegraph, financial matters, notes, etc.
F.13 “Four Roads to Dachau”. Jean Overton Fuller leveled a charge of plagiarism against Cookridge, and tried to include the Daily Telegraph, which printed the article, regarding Noor Inayat Khan, one of the women executed at Dachau. Correspondence exists among the author the newspaper editor, the author’s agents, and his solicitors, presentation of demands, and the results of Cookridge’s investigations into the economic situation of the complainant. The end result was that Cookridge and his solicitors felt it would be unwise to pursue the case, because they would probably never see their money. For further information, see F.33 in box 21B and a 1975 letter to Vera Adkins.
F.14 “Gehlen…” Correspondence with the Daily Telegraph over the series of articles.
F.15 “Bartering Spies” Correspondence with the Daily Telegraph. Subject: Dr Vogel, the East German lawyer involved in many of the exchanges of spies during the Cold War.
F.16 “The Spies around Us”. Correspondence with the Daily Telegraph regarding the article, 1973.
F.17 “Farago, Ladislas”. Correspondence, newspaper article. In 1969, Cookridge and Farago contracted to co-author a book called “The Grey Hand” about Reinhardt Gehlen. The contract was canceled in1971, and each published his own book on Gehlen. In1972, Farago threatened to sue Cookridge for libel over a review of his book, and claimed Cookridge had used his material on Gehlen without permission.
F.18 “Melinda Maclean”. Correspondence with the Daily Telegraph, fiscal record, 1970. The article was never published.
F.19 “The Biggest Secret Service in the World”, the CIA Series. Correspondence, etc., with the Daily Telegraph.
F.20 “Oehmen, Hans-Clemens”. Correspondence1973-1979 some in English, some in German, some in both languages. Oehmen had worked for Gehlen, but was imprisoned by the Communists. Included in the file are two original letters from Dr. Vogel to Oehmen, which were smuggled into the prison strictly against regulations, and which Oehmen smuggled out in pieces.
Box 21B
Rupert Crew Co. Ltd., (Cookridge’s agents):
F.21 Correspondence:1960-61
F.22 Correspondence: 1962
F.23 Correspondence: 1963
F.24 Correspondence: 1964
F.25 Correspondence: 1965
F.26 Correspondence: 1966
F.27 Correspondence: 1967
F.28 Rubenstein, Nash & Co. – Letters regarding a matter with the Observer and David Frost, 1972
F.29 “History of the British Secret Service”. Correspondence 1961-67, mostly with Arthur Barker, Publishers.
F.30 “History of the British Secret Service”. Correspondence 1967-1978, including letters exchanged with Randolph Churchill and Mary Soames.
F.31 “Postwar Correspondence” arising from “Inside S.O.E.” from several individuals: Dame Irene Ward, Vera Adkins and Annette Weston re Harry Peulevé; Peter Churchill regarding a rumoured biography.
F.32 “Buckmaster, Col. Maurice”. Correspondence, largely regarding the publication of “Inside S.O.E.” and the reunion of the French Section for the 20th anniversary of D-Day; letter from Richard Christmann (1967) in German, complaining about Cookridge’s depiction of him in Versteckspiel mit dem Tod, the German version of “Inside S.O.E.”.
F.33 “Adkins, Vera” Correspondence, 1964-67, largely regarding the proposed reunion of the French Section. For other correspondence, see Box 19B, F.20; Boxes 20A, F.11 and 21B, F.31.
F.34 “Hart-Davis, Duff”. Correspondence regarding serialization of “Inside S.O.E.” in1966 in conjunction with its publication.
F.35 “Kindermann, Karl”. Correspondence regarding Cookridge’s “Zentrale Moskau” and Kindermann’s “Rom ruft Moskau”. Mostly in German.
F.36 “Passy” French Section code name; correspondence largely regarding “Inside S.O.E.”, including supporting documents.
F.37 “Miscellaneous Correspondence”, 1 June 1969-18 June 1975.
F.38 “Personal and Job-related Correspondence”1941-1945. Includes: Yorkshire Evening News, London Newspaper Services Ltd., Evening Standard.
F.39 Miscellaneous (largely negative) correspondence, Nov. 1973-April 1974:
1) Letter from Librairie Fayard reminding Cookridge about a letter he had promised to write,
2) Letter from Linder AG declining to reprint any of his books which had been translated into German,
3) Tradesmen’s bill with several reminders for a minor amount of money,
4) Small claims court decision against Spiro from a firm of private investigators, which elevated a bill of £12-40 to one of £16-60 with court costs,
5) Letter from Lloyd’s Bank announcing a current account overdraft of £233-08, with a request for him to authorize a transfer of funds.
6) Letter from Anstey of The Daily Telegraph in an optimistic tone.
7) Letter from A.E. Pederson offering a "stringer" position for "Scandinavian News Letter". There is a copy of this letter in Box 84, Section 11, Envelope 2.
F.40 British Secret Service: Sikorski; Dr. Thorne’s Case (1970-72). Correspondence between Cookridge and K. C. Thorne over the truth of Rolf Hochhuth’s play: “The Soldiers”. Thorne provides copies of his own analysis of the1943 Liberator crash which killed Sikorski, and a deposition for the High Court as plaintiff against the publishing companies A. Deutsch Ltd., and Penguin Books, Ltd; he had assumed immediately, and with no provided evidence, that Sikorski’s death was murder. Cookridge had sent some of Thorne’s material to his lawyers (Rubenstein, Nash & Co.) to determine whether he could publish it legally. Mr. Rubenstein replied, noting that nothing in the communication was marked ‘confidential’; he also noted that he was the lawyer for the publishers in the complaint. In an abusive personal letter to Cookridge, Thorne accuses him of being in the pocket of MI 5. There is an essay by Thorne, as well, entitled “The British Ordensstaat, or, The System of Establishmentocracy,” pp 20-25 of some larger document. See also: Series 8, Box 52, Section 4: Poland, Envelope 5.
F.41 Financial documents, 1968.
F.42 Press Reviews of Cookridges' books: typescripts and typescript carbson, mimegraphs, one ms. draft. Blurb for "Inside S.O.E.", typescript, 1966.
F.43 List of books in Cookridge's personal library, ts. carbon
F.44 Biographical information.
Series 4
Philately. -- 1943-1976. -- 16 cm of textual records. -- Title based on content of series.
Box 22
F.1 Envelope containing Cookridge’s personal collection (from childhood?) of Registered Mail stickers, largely from Europe, but ranging from the USA to India. Internal evidence suggests he had an almost complete collection from pre-war Germany.
F.2 Reproductions of stamps from published sources, largely auction sale catalogues, which Cookridge used to illustrate his weekly column for Eagle magazine, 1964-1969. Selected examples.
F.3 Published colour copies of Swiss stamps, announcing issuing dates,1948-50; nineteen Swiss booklets,1965-1976, advertising First Day covers; 6” x 8” glossy photographs of British stamps commemorating British architecture (1978), and the first British Post Office miniature set (1980).
F.4 Book: Le Centenaire des Timbres-Poste Suisses, 1843-1943. Copy # 279 (of 500?). Edited “par la Direction Générale des Postes, Télégraphes et Téléphones Suisses (PTT), Berne. 61 pp, Hardbound, 25 x18 cm, 1 cm thick. Excellent quality of paper throughout. Illustrated in colour and black and white. No dust jacket; in ‘as-new’ condition.
F.5 “Reinatex” (1952). International Philatelic Meeting in Monaco, 26 April-4 May, 1952.
1) Information booklet for attendees, in French.
2) Bilingual (English and French) similar information book for the same meetings, but containing more detail than (1)
3) Booklet: Chiavassa, H., 1955. Histoire de la Principauté de Monaco par Ses Timbres-Poste. No publication information. (8 ¾” x 5 ½” x 3/8”) (22.2 x14 x 0.9 cm), soft cover, thin page stock. Illustrated black and white, but some pictures excised (by Cookridge? See The Grimaldis in Series 5). In French.
F.6 Large Booklets:
1) Gaudard, H.E., 1943. Die Bilder zu den Frankomarken der Ausgaben1936-1941. Generaldirektion PTT, Bern.18 pp. (29.5 x 21 cm), soft cover, thick, glossy paper stock. Illustrations all in colour. Excellent condition.
2) English Translation of the above: Gaudard, H. E.1945. Designs for Swiss Postage Stamps Issues1936-1941. Generaldirektion PTT, Bern.18 pp, soft cover, thick stock glossy paper. Illustrations all in colour. Dimensions as for (1). On both copies, incomplete, but real stamps on cover, i.e. no denomination, and no ‘Helvetia’. Excellent condition. Comment: with paper in Europe in short supply and of generally poor quality during the War, all three books (Box 22, Files 4, 6) are remarkable, and probably rare.
F.7 Rupert Crew correspondence (1964-1969) regarding the weekly philately column Cookridge wrote for “Eagle” a boy’s magazine, during that period.
F.8 Typescripts for weekly column in “Eagle”, arranged in order of publication according to Cookridge’s own numbered lists. All mss. are typed except #s140, 141, and142. Missing are #s 2, 3, 7, 8, 71, 137,180, 214, and 237. Included are special columns: “Christmas” (21 November, 1967), “Sea and Seashore on Stamps”, and two quizzes. The original newsprint articles are in envelopes; the acid-free copies are numbered according to the original lists.
“Eagle” Stamp Articles, Original newspaper articles, and Xerox copies:
F.9 Year: 1964. The original newsprint articles are in envelopes; the acid-free copies are numbered according to the original lists
F.10 Year: 1965 The original newsprint articles are in envelopes; the acid-free copies are numbered according to the original lists.
F.11 Year: 1966. The original newsprint articles are in envelopes; the acid-free copies are numbered according to the original lists.
F.12 Year: 1967. The original newsprint articles are in envelopes; the acid-free copies are numbered according to the original lists.
F.13 Year: 1968. The original newsprint articles are in envelopes; the acid-free copies are numbered according to the original lists. Five articles from 27 April – 29 June are absent. They may never have been published.
F.14 Year 1969. The original newsprint articles are in envelopes; the acid-free copies are numbered according to the original lists. While the last published article was 19 April 1969, there were none from 15 February to 29 March that year. The earlier years, from 1 July 1965 to 1968, were all published at two-week intervals. Also dust jacket from his own book on stamp collecting, written as "E.H. Spire".
Series 5
Unpublished Manuscripts. -- 1941-1979. -- 1.95 m of textual records and graphic material. -- Title based on content of series.
Box 23
F.1 “Gedankenüber Mao-Tse-Tung’s Gedanken”, [Thoughts on Mao Tse Tung’s Thoughts] a handwritten translation from the Chinese of Lao Wu Sze (the author) by Karl Friedmann. In German. The handwriting is not Cookridge’s; apart from a single section written on lined notepaper, the manuscript is a photocopy with original emendations. Identity of "Karl Friedmann" not clear, but see “The Third Man” (Box 21A, File 4) and Series 8, Box 58, Section 2, Envelope P2C.
F.2 “Gedanken über Mao-Tse-Tung’s Gedanken” [Thoughts on Mao Tse Tung’s Thoughts], a typescript carbon copy, including the beginnings of an Index and a list of Figures. The typewriter used an Elite typeface, one that Cookridge did not use; handwritten emendations are in the same hand as the manuscript’s. 93 pp, double-spaced. In German. There is no accompanying correspondence to elucidate why Cookridge had the material, or the date. The storage envelope is dated October, 1974.
F.3 BEA ‘Comet’ Plane Crash, October 12, 1967. Envelope of privately taken photographs, possibly depicting Cypriot scenes, presumably taken by Cookridge in Feb. 1969, as he was looking into the hitherto unsolved mystery of the plane crash. Colour negatives present, in original envelope. There is a black and white photograph of a young man evidently torn out of a photograph album. None of the pictures is identified.
F.4 BEA ‘Comet’ Plane Crash, October 12,1967. Official photographs of the Republic of Cyprus from the Public Information Office in Nicosia. The black and white glossy prints depict scenery, and cultural activities. Some are aerial photographs. All pictures are identified.
F.5 BEA ‘Comet’ Plane Crash, October 12, 1967:
1) Newspaper accounts from London papers of October 13, 1967 of the crash.
2) Passenger Lists
3) Cookridge’s compilation of file cards for each passenger.
4) Photocopy of affidavit from a passenger who had traveled on the first leg of the flight from London to Athens.
5) RAF Search and Rescue information, including some black and white official photographs, but not especially related to the Comet crash.
6) Cookridge’s notebook of people and interviews in early 1969, when he went to Cyprus.
7) Flight insurance policy proposal form, in someone else’s name.
8) Maps of Cyprus, Nicosia, the site of the crash, etc.
9) Business cards, addresses of contacts Cookridge made in Cyprus.
10) Magazine article: Deeley, P.: “The Comet that Fell out of the Sky”. It deals with the accident, and a bomb (a high explosives detonator) carried by a passenger in cabin baggage, and inadvertently kicked. No publication information with the article.
11) brief biographical sketches of the Executive branch of the Greek Cypriot Government.
12) packet of material: Nicosian newspaper oF.27 October,1968, with a headline proclaiming the cause of the crash. In Greek.
13) typescript called “The Secret of ‘Charley Oscar’” translated from the magazine ‘O Kosmos Simera (‘The World Today’), of October 3,1968.
14) “The Fatal Bomb” translated from Asyrmatos (‘Wireless’), 27 October1968.
15) postcard from Ledra Palace Hotel where Cookridge stayed (as Mr. Spiro).
16) Copy of pages from typescript of Article 2 of Cookridge’s “The Secret War” published in The Daily Telegraph #606 as “This Sussuration of Spies”. See also Box 19B, Files 27, 29.
17) Cookridge’s proposal to The Daily Telegraph for article(s) on the Comet crash, based on his research in Cyprus, and with an assumption of sabotage as the cause. See John Anstey’s reply in Box 23, File 4.
18) Newspaper clippings, 1968-70 on the attempt to assassinate President, The Archbishop Makarios of Cyprus.
19) Copy of Bulloch, J.: ‘The Cyprus power game’, 24 October, 1972.
20) Newspaper article (not Xeroxed) on growing marijuana in Cyprus, 3 September, 1972
21) Envelope of glossy b&w photographs of Cypriot scenes.
F.6 “B.E.A. Comet Crash, 12 October, 1967” Correspondence on subject 1968-69.
F.7 “Casinos” Prospectuses, five installments of proposed newspaper articles. No background research materials, no correspondence.
F.8 “Melinda MacLean” Stages of manuscript development, letter and editorial comments from George Kay, and Cookridge’s own notes which seem to be made after the article had been withdrawn. The article was withdrawn before publication (See Series 3, Box 21, F.18 for accompanying correspondence).
Box 24
F.1 “King Kong” – Xerox copies of Dutch newspaper articles on Lindemans, certified copy of his birth certificate, and two photographs, one of Lindemans, but unlabeled.
F.2 “King Kong”. Background material: newspaper clippings, photographs, carbon copy of Boeree, T.A. “Two Short Stories (with comment)” regarding the Battle of Arnhem. Owner: Brig. W. F.K Thompson.
F.3 “King Kong”. Draft manuscript of story of Christiaan (“King Kong”) Lindemans.
F.4 “King Kong”. Near final-draft copy of proposed book/play about Lindemans.
F.5 “King Kong.” Partial drafts, research notes, random typescript pages, some biographical information on Lindemans.
F.6 “Diamonds”. Correspondence, synopses of proposed book.
F.7 “Diamonds”. Rough and later drafts of Chapters 7 and 8 only.
F.8 “Diamonds”. Background newspaper clippings, advertising booklets from some diamond mining companies, e.g. De Boers.
F.9 “Gibraltar (1940-1942)”. Proposed article for The Daily Telegraph. File includes correspondence with both Montgomery Hyde and Anstey of The Daily Telegraph, newspaper clippings (postwar), duplicate draft proposal, three, 2 cancelled stamps, and one stamped postcard. The correspondence with Montgomery Hyde discusses the possibility of a collaboration with him, or perhaps with John Ziegler of the USA.
F.10 “The Greatest Steal in History”. File consists of a letter (1964) from Arthur (?) Kent suggesting the title and possible topics, four-page typed prospectus for a story, and two single typed pages with related outlines from a much earlier period.
F.11 Typescripts for two essays in non-journalistic style, the first written by “Christopher Daybell”, the second anonymous, but probably both by Cookridge. Unpublished, as unfinished.
Box 25A
F.1 Synopses of a proposed book called “The Bleicher Story”, by Hugo Bleicher and E. H. Cookridge.
F.2 Background and interview notes for “The Bleicher Story”; also biographical notes on Bleicher, in German.
F.3 First draft, complete (?) of “The Bleicher Story”
F.4 Second draft (partial) of “The Bleicher Story” numbered ‘3’: chapters 6, 7, and unnumbered.
F.5 “The Birth of a Volcano” Article by ‘Peter Leighton’. Proposal, several drafts, illustrations. Original draft as ‘Edward H. Spiro’.
F.6 “Treasure” Proposal for article by ‘Peter Leighton’ with several drafts. Also draft articles as ‘ George van Wende’, ‘H.F.Church’, ‘Robert de Witt’, ‘E.H. Cookridge’, ‘C. Tucker’, ‘Michael Wentworth’, ‘Richard Williams’, Ronald Reckitt’, and ‘J. M. Michaelson’. Note: The draft article by ‘C. Tucker’ is on letterhead of the “Fleet Street Union”, which lists “Clifford Tucker, Capt. Kenneth Mills, Joan Trevor, George Fairfield, H. F. Church, and R. W. Russell” – all pseudonyms of Cookridge’s. File also contains partial drafts and background material, some Xeroxed from loose material in file.
F.7 “Fortune Telling” – Draft articles on fortune telling, written as Oswald Ripps and Madam Orion. Photocopies of background newspaper articles, and a pamphlet by Noel Jacquin: “Look at your hands now!”
F.8 “Frauds” – Drafts of a proposed series of articles on great frauds, written as ‘Peter Leighton’. Earliest proposal has author’s name as ‘Norman Moss’. Also background material, handwritten notes, some photocopied.
F.9 “Old Synopses” ‘E.H. Cookridge’ as author. Proposals, outlines for newspaper articles.
F.10 “Old Synopses” in which no ‘author’ is listed. Consists of summaries, proposals for newspaper articles.
F.11 “Old Synopses” – Pseudonymous summaries, proposals for newspaper articles. Some known to have been published (see Series 2). The following is a list of pseudonyms used in this file, with a general indication of the topics covered:
Allsopp, K. (Kenneth): General, Economics
Baker, John: Personnel, Jobs
Chaney, Bill: Poliomyelitis
Chatham Smith, E.K.: Industrial Production
Church, H. F.: Science, Natural Medicines, Economics, General
Cooper, Capt. Herbert: Africa
Craddock, Neil: Fraud
De Witt, Robert: Khruschev
Dixon, John: Common Cold
Edwards, E. S., Gerald, or Frank: Science
Fairfield, George: Food, Natural Studies (see Series 2)
Grant, Major E. P. S.: India
Gregg, Sylvia: Human Interest
Gregory, John: Safety (cf Series 2)
Gurinc, Albert: Soviet Union
Hamilton, Curtiss: U. S, Politics
Harris, Muriel: Movies
Houtzamer, Dr. Walter: Poliomyelitis
Hutchinson, A. B. or Bertil: Food, Agriculture, Exports
Kay, F.G.: Baby Boom
King, Anthony D.: Crime
Leighton, Peter, or Peter S.: General
Lewis, Joyce: Domestic Matters
Michaelson, M.: Race Horses
Mills, Capt. Kenneth: India (cf Series 2)
Morland, Peter: Food, Consumerism
Morland, Ronald: General
Newbold, Ian: Technology
Oldham, Squadron Leader F.G.: Aerial Mapping
Parker, Raynes or Raynham: Coffee, International Issues
Pinner, F.G.: Movies
Power, C. A.: Women, Politics
Reckitt, H. R.: International Matters
Reckitt, Ronald, or E. Ronald: General
Riegel, Stanford G.: Economics
Ripps, Oswald: Gambling, etc.
Russell, R. W.: General, Linguistics, Technology, Science
Spire, Edward, or E. H.: Medicine
Trevor, Joan: Music, Domesticity
Tucker, Clifford: Psychology, International Matters, General
Webster, S. E.: Film Extras
Webster, Wilfred: General Suggestions Only
Wender, Dr. Joseph: Medicine
Wentworth, Michael: Commerce
Weatherall, Ronald: Common Cold
Box 25B
F.12 “Old Synopses” – Envelope labeled “Political”: article, proposals, summaries.
F.13 “Old Synopses” – Envelope labeled “Empire” Proposals, summaries. Envelope of photographs for “Sudan” article consisting of desert scenes, etc of upper Nile region. No evidence of the article itself.
F.14 “Nor Iron bars a Cage” – book proposal, letters, newspaper clippings, other research material for book about prisons.
F.15 Proposed articles on aspects of the leadership of the Soviet Union and their activities.
F.16 “Nazi Spies in Britain” Synopsis of a series: German Military material (bills for services), a letter to the Daily Mail editor (1971) proposing a series which would scoop the Daily Express. Xerox copies of Daily Express article(s), reviews of book by Ladislas Farago on Nazi Spying in Britain. Copy of apparent "minutes" of a Nazi conference in Berlin, 10 November, 1937 taken by ’Oberst Hossbach’, 11 pages, in English.
F.17 “The Skin-Deep Art”. Proposed book on Tattooing. Includes correspondence, proposal, background material. Not related to “Confessions of a Tattooist” by George Burchett and Peter Leighton.
F.18 “Encyclopedia of Espionage and Secret Service”. Synopses, proposals, correspondence with various publishers. In envelope: (Gestetner) typescript copy of “Miles Copeland’s Guide to Spies and Counter-Spies, London, 1973”, labeled ‘Home Copy’. It was found in another portion of the archive, but is relevant to this file, and to Cookridge’s manuscript of “The History of the British Secret Service”, q.v. Also draft I of an historical essay on WW I and German spies which reflects the probable content of a proposed encyclopedia.
F.19 “Sparks Across the Atlantic” radio or TV drama proposed by Cookridge. Background material includes a copy of “The Tide of Fortune” by Stefan Zweig, in translation, 1955 edition. Several stages of script writing are also included, and the latest are marked as being copyrighted until after Dec. 1, 1953. No indication in the file that it was actually broadcast.
F.20 “Trapping the Smugglers” by “Norman Moss”. Correspondence with editors from the “European Copyright Company, Ltd” – which was Cookridge himself. Included is a first draft, and background newspaper clippings. An article was published in Daily Mail, July 7, 1963. Also in file is an article by E.H. Cookridge entitled “Contraband Reaches Highest Total in History”, and some background material.
F.21 “The Spy Next Door”. Synopsis of a proposed book, and manuscript of two chapters, correspondence, an envelope of six 6” x 8.5” black and white photographs of residences of known spies, and background notes.
Box 26A
F.1 “Casinos”. Prospectus, correspondence, general background notes, newspaper clippings.
F.2 “Casinos”. Brochures and background information on individual European casinos. Newspaper articles on the casinos at Nice and Cannes, their habitués, robberies, etc. See also “The Grimaldis” and the casino at Monte Carlo.
F.3 “Nazi Spies in Britain”. Synopsis, drafts, correspondence, photographs, and background notes.
F.4 “Nazi Spies in Britain”. Data from the Bundesarchiv; photocopies.
F.5 “Nazi Spies in Britain”. Twelve articles by Ladislas Farago from the Daily Express October15-30, 1971.
“Trotsky” : (Boxes 26A-28A)
F.6 Title pages for the final chapter arrangement of the book. These are Xerox copies; the originals have been placed with the individual chapters in later files.
F.7 Drafts of Introduction to the books, handwritten and then typed with notes.
F.8 Chapter1: ‘The Warning’. Two typed draft manuscripts with notations.
F.9 Chapter 3: ‘The Infiltrators’. Two typed draft manuscripts with notations.
F.10 Chapter 4: ‘The Stool-Pigeons’. Typed draft manuscript with notations.
F.11 Chapter 5: ‘Spanish Inferno’. Typed draft manuscripts with notations, with some drafts only sections of the chapter.
F.12 Chapter 6: ‘The Executioners’. Typed partial draft with notations.
Box 26B
F.13 Chapter 7: ‘A Summer in Paris’. Two typed draft manuscripts with notations, and four stages of typed notes for the chapter.
F.14 Chapter 8: ‘Prelude to Murder’. Typed draft manuscript and chapter notes, both with notations.
F.15 Chapter 9: ‘Murder Bungled’. Two typed draft manuscripts, one with notations.
F.16 Chapter 10: ‘The Disappearance of Sheldon Harte.” Two typed draft manuscripts with notations.
F.17 Chapter 11: ‘The Corpse at Santa Rosa’. Three typed draft manuscripts with notations.
F.18 Chapter 12: ‘The FBI Steps In’. Typed draft manuscript with notations.
F.19 Chapter 13: ‘The Killing’. Typed draft manuscript with notations.
F.20 Chapter 14: ‘The Killer’s Story’. Typed draft manuscript with notations.
F.21 Chapter 15: ‘The Cover Falls Apart’. Typed draft manuscript and partial manuscript with notations.
F.22 Chapter 16: ‘The Mind of the Assassin’. Two typed draft manuscripts and three sections, all with notations.
F.23 Chapter 16: Background material including correspondence and two photographs.
F.24 Chapter 17: ‘Meandering Justice’. Typed draft manuscript with notations and discarded partial typed manuscript.
F.25 Chapter 18: ‘The Model Prisoner’. Typed draft manuscript with notations.
F.26 Chapter 19: ‘The identification’. Typed draft manuscript with notations.
F.27 Chapter 20: ‘Aftermath’. Typed draft manuscript with notations.
F.28 Contents of original folder labeled: ‘The Death Warrant’ Blunkin Pirgers. This refers to Chapter 2 of the book. There are background notes and some typed material.
F.29 Contents of original folder labeled, ‘Initial Drafts for Various Chapters’.
F.30 Contents of a file labeled ‘Discarded Manuscripts’.
F.31 Portions of manuscript with no indication of chapters.
Box 27
F.1 Background and handwritten notes, some of which are chapter-specific.
F.2 Newspaper clippings on Trotskeyites, communism and Soviet spies. First file of background research for the book.
F.3 Continuing newspaper clippings, articles on the Spanish Civil War, WRP articles, short, piecemeal bibliographic list compiled by Cookridge. Second file of background material.
F.4 Third file of newspaper articles for background research on the book.
F.5 Fourth file of background research material. It consists of published material including:
1) “Lenin: A Collection of Contemporary Documents” by Anthony Cash. Jackdaw #113 Folder containing a miscellany of papers, some in Russian.
2) “The Russian Revolution: A Collection of contemporary documents” by Anthony Cash. Jackdaw #42. Folder containing a miscellany of papers, some in Russian.
3) “Russian Revolution1917: Socialist Challenge”
4) An article, in Spanish, by Dr. Alphonso Quiroz L. concerning the psychiatric examination of Trotsky’s assassin.
5) Seth, Ronald, 1967. Extract from “The Story of SMERSH”, Chapter 6: ‘The Disappearing Generals’. Cassells, London, pp 40-49.
6) Orlov, Alexander, n.d., “The Secret History of Stalin’s Crimes” Extracts from Chapter18: ‘The Denunciation’, pp 212-215, 220-221, 224-225.
7) Anonymous: pages from a book on the cross examination of Mercator, Trotsky’s assassin.
8) Trotsky, Natalia, Sedova, n.d. Original article: “Father and Son”. No publication information; paper resembles that of Intercontinental Press.
9) Trotsky, N. S. Article: “How It Happened”, ___? International May, 1941.
10) Trotsky, Leon, n.d, “Leon Sedov: Son, Friend, Fighter” A Young Socialist Pamphlet. No publication information. Pamphlet includes two other articles: Trotsky, L. “Was Leon Sedov Murdered?”, and Trotsky, N.S.. “Father and Son”. Original pamphlet.
11) Frankland, M., 1979. “Trotsky, the Lost Leader” Observer Magazine pp 32-41, 21 October, 1979.
12) Gorkin, Julian. Introductory papers from translated book (pp xi – xix) “Murder in Mexico”. No publication information.
13) Hansen, J.1978 “New Puzzles in Reported death of Trotsky’s Assassin” Intercontinental Press 16 (44):1296, November 20.
14) Complete issue of Intercontinental Press 15 (24), June, 1977.
F.6 “Trotsky”. A photocopy of the complete book/article: Goldman, Alfred, The Assassination of Leon Tolstoy: the Proof of Stalin’s Guilt. Copy includes 73 pp, with introductory material.
F.7 Published material:
1) Booklet: Security and the Fourth International: An Investigation into the Assassination of Leon Trotsky.1976. Labor Publications, Inc., New York, NY. 138 pp. Two sections marked (by Cookridge), both “Sheldon Harte”.
2) Booklet: Pennington, R.1976? Revolutionary Socialism: why and how? International Marxist Group, Publishers: Relgocrest Ltd., London. 32 pp. Includes meeting notice for speech by Luis Corvalan of Chile’s Communist Party, dated 1976.
3) Issue of: Accomplices of the GPU . 24 pp. Adjunct document to the 4th International, and most of the articles are already in files as separate documents.
4) Issue of: Trotsky’s Assassin is at Large. 40 pp. Adjunct document to the 4th International.
Box 28A
F.1 Note: Files1-4 are in Spanish, with occasional pages in French. They were all together in a loose-leaf binder entitled “Quiroz Documents”. Quiroz was the psychiatrist at Ramon Mercator’s trial for the assassination of Trotsky. The numbered pages are clearly excerpted from a much larger document. This file contains a) glossy 8”x10” printed of original autopsy morphometrics on a male human. Subsequent pages deal with psychological and psychiatric references and analyses. Several French pages are present regarding the Fourth International. The conclusion is that these are excerpts from court documents from the trial of Ramon Mercator, Trotsky’s assassin. Included are pp 464-471, 568-584. File1 is labeled “Part I”. See also several rolls of 35 mm film negatives, which may be the autopsy report (in Spanish) on Troksky's body in Box 86.
F.2 Court documents from Mercator’s trial, pp. 635-697, 802-843. File is labeled “Part II”
F.3 Court documents from Mercator’s trial, pp. 909-914, 946-950, 1146-1162, 1214-1222, 1236-1237. File is labeled, “Part III”.
F.4 Court documents from Mercator’s trial, pp.1252-1319. File is labeled, “Part IV”.
“The Grimaldis”:
F.5 Outlines of proposed series of articles by ‘Edouard Orips’, edited by Robert Wraight. There are six outlines.
F.6 Proposals for a series of articles by ‘Edouard Orips’. There are four installments and a draft manuscript. Two of the installments are in final form.
F.7 Synopsis of a book: “The Curse of the Grimaldis”, by Edward Orips. There are eight versions.
F.8 Prospectuses for a book which had two proposed titles: “The Curse of the Grimaldis” and “The Grimaldi Inheritance” by E.H. Cookridge.
F.9 Proposal, synopsis and correspondence for a book jointly written by Cookridge and Raymond Palmer.
F.10 Synopsis of book, October 1963.
F.11 Early draft outlines of two versions of the book.
F.12 Draft typescript of book’s Chapter 6: ‘Lucien’s Fratricide’.
F.13 Early and final drafts of the book’s Chapter 4: ‘Fratricide and Anarchy’.
F.14 Early and final drafts of the book’s Chapter12: ‘The English Princess’.
F.15 Early and final drafts of the book’s Chapter13: ‘Scandal at the Opera’.
F.16 First, revised and final drafts of the book’s Chapter 20: ‘The Wedding of the Century’.
F.17 Miscellaneous typed pages.
F.18 Background research materials which give the ‘atmosphere’ of Monaco:
1) Tourist brochures about the principality.
2) Copy of The Riviera Sun 3 (11):16 pp, June 2-16, 1961.
3) Complete issue of Semana 39 (2,003) for July 8, 1978, with article about Princess Caroline. In Spanish.
4) Information about the casino, the training of croupiers.
5) Draft of an article by E. H. Spiro on Europe’s casinos, with a note indicating its suitability for the Grimaldi book. See also “Casinos” in Box 26A, F. 2.
F.19 Correspondence, including circumstantial history of why the book was never published. Letters, 1956-1978.
Box 28B
F.20 Historical information:
1) Typescript of abbreviated genealogical history of the family, including letters on the subject from Georges Spiro, E.H. Cookridge’s brother, who lived next door to one of the Grimaldi châteaux near Nice, France. In German.
2) Packet of mock-ups of plates for the book, and a set of xerox copies. Also a set of plates not used in the book (x2).
3) Envelope containing 4 acetate negatives which were used for individual photographs for the book; all the negatives were produced from already-published photographs.
4) Black and white glossy photographs of the current Grimaldi family (1961-1978).
5) Six Monegasque postage stamps, probably from Cookridge’s own personal collection, and a b&w photograph of them in montage. There is also a First-Day Cover with three stamps celebrating the marriage of Prince Rainier and Grace Kelly, dated April 19,1956. Information elsewhere indicates this is one of a limited number of covers.
6) Assortment of published photographs from which the book illustrations were copied.
7) A few typescript pages by Cookridge, in English, outlining the genealogical information already present in German.
8) Newspaper articles about members of the wider family.
F.21 Background material on the Royals,1956-1978, documenting the marriage, birth of children, and the marriage of Princess Caroline.
F.22 Notes, newspaper articles on the famous/infamous and their Monegasque connections, e.g. Aristotle Onassis, Winston Churchill, Bea Lillie, Lady Docker, etc.
F.23 Bibliography, handwritten, of source books on Monaco. Some notes definitely in Cookridge’s handwriting.
“History of the British Secret Service”: (Boxes 28B-30A)
F.24 Chapter 2: "The First Thousand Years". Typed draft with copy editor’s emendations. 29 pages. Also a typed sheet of notes.
F.25 Chapter 3: "Under the Tudor Despots". Typed draft with handwritten revisions, 24 pages, plus two pages of notes and bibliography.
F.26 Chapter 4: "Elizabeth’s Moor". Typed draft with revisions. Fifty pages, plus four pages of Bibliography and notes. Complete carbon copy of the typed draft with copy editor’s revisions, 51 pages in length. There is a note from the copy editor attached to the emendations.
F.27 Chapter 5: "Top Secret Service of the Dynasts". Carbon copy with copy editor’s revisions, 30 pages, missing Page 29. Also typed draft with revisions, 31 pages, plus 3 pages of notes and bibliography.
F.28 Chapter 6: "Cromwell’s Spymaster". Carbon copy with copy editor’s revisions and comments, 17 pages. Also typed draft with revisions, 17 pages with four pages of notes and bibliography.
F.29 Chapter 7: "Serving the Libertine and the Puritan". Carbon copy of 54 pages with revisions and comments by copy editor. Also typed draft with revisions, Pages1-53, including14A, plus seven pages of notes and bibliography.
F.30 Chapter 8: "Against the Pretender and the Bourbons". Carbon copy of 25 pages with revisions and comments by copy editor. Also typed draft with revisions, 25 pages plus four pages of notes and bibliography.
F.31 Chapter 9: "The Dawn of the British Empire". Carbon copy with revisions and copy editor’s comments including a note that page 27 (of 40) is missing. Typed draft with revisions, 40 pages long with 6 pages of notes and bibliography.
F.32 Chapter 10: Possible Title: "The Challenge of the New World", or, perhaps "Against American Independence". Carbon copy, 40 pages, with copy editor’s revisions and comments. Also typed draft with revisions, 40 pages plus 9 pages and notes and bibliography.
F.33 Chapter 11: "Eden". Carbon copy with revisions and comments by copy editor who has written the note, “Pages missing?” at the end. There are 26 consecutively numbered pages, but the last ends with an incomplete sentence. The typed draft with revisions is 26 pages long, with five pages of notes and bibliography.
Box 29A
F.1 Chapter 12: "Pitt’s Gold". Formerly Chapter 11. Carbon copy, 45 pages, with copy editor’s revisions and comments. There is a note attached from the copy editor. There is also a typed draft with revisions of 45 pages, with 6 pages of notes and bibliography. There are two more notes from the copy editor: one dated 29/5/73 hinting for remuneration with is apparently overdue, and a second one concerning Chapters 14-17, with proposed changes.
F.2 Chapter 14: "The Birth Pangs of Modern Intelligence". Carbon copy of 35 pages, with copy editor’s revisions and comments. Also a typed draft of 35 pages, but with no notes or bibliography.
F.3 Chapter 15: "The Wolseley Ring". Carbon copy of typed draft with copy editor’s revisions and comments. There are 51 pages, with note from the copy editor that “final page(s) missing.” There is also a typed draft of 52 pages.
F.4 Chapter 16: "The Brackenbury Era". Carbon copy of typed draft of 51 pages, with copy editor’s revisions and comments. The typed draft consists of 51 pages, but there are no notes or comments.
F.5 Chapter 17: "At the Turn of the Century". Carbon copy of typed draft with copy editor’s revisions and comments. It consists of pp 1-53, with p. 38 missing. There is also a copy editor’s note on page 53, that following pages are missing. The typed draft (top copy) has 54 pages, but no notes or bibliography.
F.6 Carbon copy of draft manuscript, marked up, with footnotes at the end of each chapter. Draft consists of Chapters 2-16, in envelopes with 2 chapters per envelope. Numbered Parts I-VII.
F.7 Carbon copy of draft essentially identical to that in F.6, but largely without markup. Some chapters have separate footnotes. In this set of chapters, there are two bodies of information labeled ‘Chapter 11’, but none called ‘Chapter 12’. Chapters 13-16 lack footnotes. Chapters 15, 16 show evidence of some copy editing. File contains envelopes with two chapters per envelope, and entitled ‘Parts I-VII.
Box 29B
F.8 Early 30-page draft of "Against Bolshevism", labeled ‘Chapter 8’ and its copy-edited carbon copy. Includes handwritten notes, but no footnotes.
F.9 First draft, notes, discarded pages, background material for Chapter 2: "Early History to Henry VII"
F.10 First draft, entitled ‘Henry VIII, Elizabeth’, with notes to copy editor, some bibliography, miscellaneous essays, e.g. Walsingham, the Tudors, etc.
F.11 "The Secret Service of the Dynast"; First draft typed manuscript with revisions and notes. Originally this was to be Chapter 3; it later became Chapter 5.
F.12 First draft, entitled "Charles I, Cromwell (Thurloe)", and research notes, and notes to copy editor.
F.13 First draft concerning Charles II, James II, William and Mary, in the period 1660-1702. Note: some notes drafted on the reverse of advertisements about "Inside S. O.E."
F.14 First draft material called "From the Restoration to Marlborough". It includes and goes beyond the material in 29-13. The material consists of partial typed drafts, both with markups. The first section is numbered C36-C43; the second is C 55-C 62 inclusive.
F.15 First draft of material covering 1710-1815: Queen Anne (1702-1714), George I (1714-1727), George II (1727-1760), George III (1760-1820; covers the Regency period after 1811), the War of Independence in America, the French Revolution, and the Napoleonic Wars. There are three essay-style typed manuscripts, plus notes.
F.16 "The Birth Pangs of Modern Intelligence"; First draft, typed, with revisions including cut-and-paste. Written on scrap paper.
F.17 "The Wolseley Ring". First draft, typed, with revisions including cut-and-paste. Typed on scrap paper.
F.18 "The Brackenbury Era". First draft, typed, with revisions, including cut-and paste. Typed on scrap paper.
Box 30A
F.1 "At the Turn of the Century". First draft, typed, with revisions and cut-and-paste. Typed on scrap paper.
F.2 "The Kaiser’s Spies". First draft, typed, with revisions and cut-and-paste. Includes a typed section on Lody.
F.3 First draft of partial chapter, probably for "The Code-Breakers". Some revisions, short notes.
F.4 First draft of “The C.I.D.” but incomplete, although there are revisions.
F.5 Two early, misnumbered typescripts on Nazi espionage.
F.6 Unidentified early draft pages, possibly from "Birth Pangs…" or "The Wolseley Ring"
F.7 Background notes for late18th century-early19th century chapters. Material relating to Jacobins, and period British intelligence information copied from a variety of identified authors. Some handwritten notes.
F.8 Notebook, clippings, articles, notes on various chapters:
1) School notebook with handwritten information on late19th century British intelligence personnel.
2) Newspaper clippings from the1930s on counter-espionage,
3) Published article excised from journal on ‘The Christopher Marlowe Murder’ (Criminologist’s Quarterly, Spring 1970: 37-50).
4) Variety of handwritten notes, single pages relevant to the ‘History…’
5) Bulloch, J. “The last word on Spies and Spying” and LeCarré, J. “Vienna: In search of a lost spy story. Weekend Telegraph, 1966, pp 13-26.
F.9 Three strips of paper with notes from a file labeled “British Intelligence”.
F.10 General notes and background material for the book. Some correspondence.
F.11 Handwritten draft footnotes for the various chapters to Chapter 10. Also organizational repro chart of the British Secret Service from his own book, The Third Man.
F.12 Prospectuses for articles about Secret Service work, 1946 and following.
F.13 Handwritten bibliographic lists, published lists of bibliographic resources of various kinds, and a list of postcards, with prices, available from the National Portrait Gallery.
F.14 Handwritten notes from scattered periods to the 1970s on trials, etc. relating to the topic.
Box 30B
F.15 “Government Fortune Teller”. Professional hired by the Bulgarian government. Typescript only.
F.16 “Salvation Army”. Outline for article on the appointment of the new General (1946).
F.17 “Gipsies” (Gypsies), disappearance of. Typescripts by ‘Sydney Duncan’ and ‘Clifford Tucker’. Context suggests that one draft dates from before the end of World War II. Background material: newspaper clippings, articles, from 1937
F.18 “Gambling Fever”. Typescript (Nov. 1967) and background material about the craze for bingo in Britain.
F.19 “Fake Degrees”. Two typescripts, synopsis for two articles, both with no bylines (so presumably to be published as ‘E. H. Cookridge’). Some newspaper clippings.
F.20 “Ghost Kings”. Typescript, postwar newspaper clippings on various former royalty, and claimants, of several kingdoms of Europe, some of which changed their form of government, e.g. Albania, Britain (claimants to royalty and to nobility), Austria, Spain, France, etc.
F.21 “Ships’ Cemetery”. Drafts of articles by ‘R.W. Russell’ (or ‘W.R.) on the treacherous Goodwin Sands off Kent, and an account of shipwrecks which had occurred there up to1946.
F.22 “Black Museum of Crime”. Synopsis of article and background clippings from envelope “Scotland Yard Black Museum”, and an envelope of various photographs. See also ‘Peter S. Leighton’ ‘Black Museum’ in Box 19A, File 5. No typescript.
F.23 Doing Time – and Wasting It” by ‘A.B. Hutchinson’, ‘E.K. Chatham Smith’ and ‘Michael Wentworth’. Typescripts about prisons and the concept of introducing factory labour for prisoners. Both the Chatham Smith and Wentworth articles were published (see Box 19A, File13). The present file contains the Hutchinson prospectus and typescript, and the envelope which contained all three typescripts.
F.24 “Palestine’s Secret Societies” by ‘E.H. Cookridge’ or ‘Capt Herbert Cooper’. Typescript subtitled, “Terrorists Who Stop at Nothing.” Typescript drafts only.
F.25 “Prisons-Borstals” by ‘Joan Trevor’, writing on correctional institutions for women. Two typescripts, possibly for a series. Newspaper clippings, articles, and published booklets, viz:
1) Statutory Rules and Orders – Borstal Institutions.193, No. 191. 33 pp. Published by His Majesty’s Stationery Office, London, Edinburgh, Manchester, Cardiff, and Belfast.
2) Statutory Rules and Orders. 1938 No. 6781, page. Concerns rewording of penalty measure.
3) Statutory Rules and Orders. 1945 No.1107, 4 pp. Concerns rules for officers. Publication information for all booklets as for 1).
F.26 “The Hidden Treasures of Europe”. Typescript by ‘George van Wende’.
F.27 “These Women were Devils”. Typed drafts of two articles in a proposed series, “Blackmail Queen Gilded Prison Angel’s Wings”. No byline.
F.28 “The Return of the Ku-Klux-Klan” by ‘Ronald Reckitt’ and ‘Raynham Parker’. File contains typescripts by each ;’author’, a prospectus for the Parker article, plus background material from an accompanying envelope.
F.29 “The Baronet Vanishes” by ‘Peter S. Leighton’. Final; prospectus and typescript article. Background material includes articles about other mysterious disappearances.
F.30 Cookridge Manuscripts about Nazi Spies and British Double Agents: ‘Germany Disgorges her Secrets of Science’; ‘How Our Super Sleuths Are Tracing Nazi Criminals’; ‘The Danish Countess’; ‘Wave of Forgery Sweeps Europe’; ‘Nazis Going Underground’; ‘The Spy Ring of the Pretty Red Head’ (plus the outline, entitled: ‘Delilahs of Today’); ‘Where Are They Now?’ – on post-Nuremberg Nazis; ‘The East End Girl and the Baroness’ – on Lydia von Stahl; untitled, beginning with Old Testament spies; Introduction to ‘One Service; Many Names’.
F.31 Cookridge Manuscripts on Russian Spies: ‘Kuznetsov – Marshall’ (1952); ‘The Dr. Noble Case’ (1953); ‘The Clarence Case’ (1954); ‘De Havillan – Gudkov – Pupyshev Case’ (1954); ‘Suggestions for the Interview with E.H. Cookridge’ (1955); ‘Wraight’ (1960); ‘The Linney Case’ (1956); ‘Florczykowski’ (1959); “Spy for a Spy” article: ‘The Pripoltzev Case’ (1961); ‘The Man who sent out Murder Gangs with Poisoned Bullets: Will he be received at Windsor Castle and Dine at Mansion House?’ (about Ivan Serov) See: Box 55, Section 2, Envelope16.
F.32 “Maps and Photographs”. A collection of maps, typescripts, and relevant photographs. Most relate to an article in preparation by ‘Peter Morland’ called “Britain’s new Domesday Book”, or a similar article called “A Modern Domesday Book for Britain” by ‘Peter S. Leighton’. The section consists of:
a) A map of changes in land use in two Surry parishes over a period of 275 years.
b) A page from “The Land Utilization Survey of Britain,” part of Sheet 114, in colour.
c) Original page entitled “Generalised Sections through the Chief Coalfields” [of England and Wales].
d) Part of an original map of English Coal and Iron Deposits. Prepared by the Ministry of Town and Country Planning, with data from 1940.
e) Original map, dating from 1945, containing data from 1938, entitled “Population of Urban Areas” [England and Wales]. Published by the Director of the Ordnance Survey. Cost: 5 shillings.
f) Four photographs illustrating some aspects of the process of cartography, and two other photographic plates of landscapes containing chalk figures. There are also four captions without pictures which relate to this work.
g) Variety of photographed b&w maps, all from one source, and of worldwide distribution. They generally show an approximation of border outlines and the placement of towns, but not roads. There is also a photograph of a stylized map of the Rhine, originally in German. “Köln” has had “Cologne” taped over the place name in the photograph.
h) Typescripts by ‘Peter Morland’ and ‘Peter S. Leighton’ regarding a potential modern Domesday Book created by aerial photography.
i) Typescript of article by ‘Squadron Leader F.G. Oldham’ entitled “Mapping the World from the Air”.
j) Captions for some pictures relevant to the articles
F.33 Manuscripts: Miscellaneous ‘Political’ drafts for newspaper articles: Nazis, Communists, British Foreign Office, British Intelligence. No evidence of publication. Found amongst newspaper clippings.
F.34 Manuscripts about Royal Romances, Eccentricities: Elizabeth of Austria, Carol of Rumania, Rudolph of Austria. Found amongst newspaper clippings.
F.35 Manuscripts on matters of British concern: Queen’s wealth, high treason, Prince Philip, Whitehall (published), Honours List. Found amongst newspaper clippings.
Series 6
Research Material for Articles and Books Never Written. -- 1944-1979. -- 59 cm of textual records and graphic material. -- Title based on content of series.
Box 31A
F.1 “Quislings of Europe”. Proposal for a book, research notes, essays on ‘World War II’, and a variety of notes on individuals with Nazi sympathies. Included are: Vidkun Quisling, Leon Degrelle, Nicolas de Kallay, Ion Antonescu, Codreanu, Father Tiso, Hacha. There is correspondence with other nationals regarding these persons, with a request from Cookridge that the correspondents provide him with a profile including the worst of their deeds, and any unsavoury aspects of their personal lives. Much of the file consists of the replies to his requests.
F.2 “Concorde”. Correspondence concerning possible book on the Concorde supersonic aircraft (1972-1975). The book was never written; a book by John Costello and Terry Hughes was published and a copy of the Feb. 29, 1976, review is in another file.
F.3 “Concorde”. Background material: Concorde Fact Sheets1 through16, plus an issue 2 on Costs. Sheets issued by British Aircraft Corporation.
F.4 “Concorde”. Background material: British Aircraft Corporation press releases and newspaper reports, April 1967 to December 1971.
F.5 “Concorde”. Background material: British Aircraft Corporation press releases and newspaper reports for 1972.
F.6 “Concorde”. Background material: British Aircraft Corporation press releases and newspaper reports for 1973.
F.7 “Concorde”. Background material: British Aircraft Corporation press releases and newspaper reports for 1974.
F.8 “Concorde”. Background material: British Aircraft Corporation press releases and newspaper reports for 1975 through 1977. File includes review of book on Concorde which beat Cookridge’s possible book.
F.9 “Concorde”. Published background material. British Aircraft Corporation publications on the Concorde, Flight magazine (November19, 1970, May 27, 1971) with articles and data on supersonic commercial aircraft, and a BAC Concorde brochure.
F.10 “Israel and the Middle East”. Partial typescript of article consisting of pp 4-20, and a large number of handwritten notes. Photographs, mostly previously published by others, two acetate negatives of prepared photographic plates, and two mock-ups of plates.
F.11 “Israel and the Middle East”. Newspaper clippings 1945-end of 1967. Xerox copies of original material.
F.12 “Israel and the Middle East”. Newspaper clippings 1969-1974. Xerox copies of original material.
F.13 “Israel and the Middle East”. Newspaper clippings 1975. Xerox copies of original material.
F.14 “Israel and the Middle East”. Newspaper clippings 1976. Xerox copies of original material.
F.15 “Israel and the Middle East”. Newspaper clippings 1977-1979. Xerox copies of original material.
F.16 “Israel and the Middle East”. Newspaper clippings originally separately designated:
a) USSR and the Middle East
b) USA and the Middle East
c) France and the Middle East
F.17 “Bletchley”. Background material (minimal) and correspondence with Duncan Campbell (see also ‘Trotsky’ files), and a proposal for a book.
F.18 “Success”. From an envelope labeled “Success” by Cookridge, but see also “Richest Men” (Box 32, Files 9 and 10). This file contains two typed proposals for articles. The first is “These Men have brought Renown to Scotland”, and lists potential authors’ names (Cookridge as “Ian MacTavish”, “William McCohen” or “Robert McHaggis”. The second typescript is “These Men Found Fame and Fortune”. The file also contains background, Xerox-copied newspaper clippings.
F.19 Eastern Europe.1971 Radio Free Europe newsletters reporting on information from Communist radio and press. Topics: Gidzhaks (musical instruments); sex education; pollution; Siberian gas for Western kitchens.
Box 32
F.1 “Brezhnev”. Newspaper clippings, magazine articles, and previously published photographs. Clearly a ‘project’ but without any typescript or correspondence.
F.2 “Guerillas”. Cookridge’s handwritten notes, and a montage for a photographic plate.
F.3 “Guerillas”. Xerox/photocopies of stories about ‘Carlos the Jackal’ (Illitch Ramirez Sanchez), in English and in Spanish, 1975-76.
F.4 “Guerillas”. Xerox copies of newspaper stories on terrorists, including ‘Carlos’, but dating from1950-1973.
F.5 “Guerillas”. Xerox copies of newspaper clippings, magazine articles, including the Baader-Meinhof Gang, and ‘Carlos’, 1974-78.
F.6 “The Balkans” Copy of an unbound book called ‘Resupply’, relating to a British air operation which dropped supplies in the Jugoslav mountains in support of Tito from January to October, 1944. The foreword is by Wing Commander A. Cecil Harper, and is an original signature. The book is largely a photograph album with captions and short explanatory notes. There is no single author identified; authorship is given to “The 60th Troop Carrier Group, Col. C. J. Galligan Commanding.”. The date is July, 1944.
F.7 “The Balkans”. Disparate materials:
1) Copy of the1969 ‘Review’ for the Polish Air Force Association, an important charitable foundation, with an accompanying letter to a regular donor, Mrs. Bloomfield.
2) Maps of Greece, the Balkans, and Jugoslavia, related to the material in File 1 in this box.
F.8 “The Balkans”. A collection of previously published pictures of the region excised from books. Some are of identified individuals. There is an original photograph of Albert Gardyne de Chastelain, and Cookridge’s handwriting on one or two photographs.
Box 33
F.1 “Maps and Photographs”. Photographs relating to World War II: Nuremberg, Potsdam Conference, German science, industry. In envelope. Also in another envelope, two copies of “Karolina 3 pfennig” stamp.
F.2 “Maps and Photographs”. Communist world, postwar photographs, including Yugoslavia. Photographs of personalities, Politburo,1946 ff; agriculture; Red Army recreational activities; Field marshal Montgomery meeting General Vassilevsky; three copies of portrait of Saltykov, the original Russian Secret Service officer (1760); court pictures. In envelope. Large strip photograph of Politburo on reviewing stand, free in file.
F.3 “Maps and Photographs”. All black and white.
1) Photograph of a watercolour by J.M.W. Turner. Two copies of picture, each with German descriptions, both different, on the backs. Also photograph of an English description, perhaps from the back of the original.
2a) Article on tea
2b) Agricultural experiments, early ‘bioengineering’.
2c) Photograph of Auguste Piccard (bathyscaphe).
2d) Reflecting telescope components, USA.
2e) Article on Royal Mint and the preparation of medals.
3a) Photographs for article on champagne.
3b) Photographs for article on radar (Pulse Transmitter), including portrait of Sir Robert Watson-Watt.
3c) Photographs for article on Dogs in Movies. Official studio photographs and the human actors. The two dogs: ‘Lassie’ and ‘Daisy’.
4a) British political photographs: Bevan (UK and Bryce (US); Bevan and other colleagues including max Aitken (Lord Beaverbrook).
4b) Photograph of painted portrait of a baby, labeled, ‘Madock Brown’
4b) Three members of the judiciary, and a spare caption.
4c) Murders and murderers. Portraits, scenes of crimes.
5) Envelope of photographs for article on Gaming: greyhound racing, casinos, police raids.
F.4 1) Photographs with a note from the editor of The World Wide Magazine returning a photograph which had not been used in ‘Capt. Kenneth Mills’s article called ‘A Gamble for Rubber’. The context of the note suggests the article was published, but this one photograph was returned. There is no other information on the article in the collection.
2) Published photograph of Adélie penguins in Antarctica; part of the article is on the reverse. Also, the envelope contains a glossy print of Manao, Brazil, with the notation, “Not using this”, in Cookridge’s handwriting.
3) The Nizam of Hyderabad and his family. Newsmagazine photographs, and b&w photographs made from them.
F.5 “Maps and Photographs”. Miscellaneous requests for pictures, invoices, some detached captions for pictures from Files 1-4 of Box 31.
F.6 “Murder in Ekaterinburg”. Background material, notes, photographs, clippings, correspondence. However, there is no prospectus, and no draft of article.
Series 7
Index File Cards. -- [19-]. -- 30 cm of textual records. -- Title based on content of series. -- The cards contain biographical and/or reference data.
Box 34
Index cards re a variety of British Intelligence, Special Branch, and Police Services. Alphabetically arranged. Also some historical and organizational detail.
1. British Intelligence, Special Branch Police Services
2. C.I.A. (American Central Intelligence Agency). Cards with organizational and historical data; biographical summary cards for various members of the CIA.
3. British Secret Service, (History of):15th–17th centuries. A) 16th Century, b) 17th Century alphabetically arranged.
4. British Secret Service, (History of):18th–early19th centuries; basically alphabetical arrangement.
5. British Secret Service, (History of): Crimean War to1914.
6. British Secret Service, (History of): a) 1914-1918 War, b) Bolshevism, c) handwritten notes.
7. Miscellaneous Intelligence Organizations, mainly British.
8. Naval Intelligence: From 1865, including Hydrographical Department: a) Organization; b) World War I; c) World War II; d) S.I.S.
9. a) Military Intelligence :1855-1918. Including Topographical and Statistical Department information.; b) Military Intelligence, History,19th Century. Very little, mostly education; c) Joint intelligence and Planning Departments, World War II.
10. Defense Intelligence after1964: a) after1964; b) Secret Intelligence Service (S.I.S.) – history, World War I, World War II, after1945.
11. MI 5 – Organization: a) Divisions – World War II; b) Directorate of Security; c) Propaganda and Political Warfare.
12. British Secret Service: Nazism and World War II: alphabetical biographical cards of names, letters.
13. S.O.E – Dutch Section. Organizational detail and alphabetical biographical data.
14. S.O.E. – Norwegian Section. Alphabetical biographical data.
15. S.O.E. – Danish Section – Alphabetical biographical data.
16. Soviet Spies in Britain – Organizational and biographical data.
17. China – Data cards and some biographical cards on China, and intelligence activities in the Far East.
18. Israel and Palestine.Ccards on organizations and activities affecting this area. Biographical data.
Box 35
1. German Intelligence,19th century
2. German Intelligence, S.D. and Gestapo. Alphabetically arranged personnel data cards.
3. Abwehr and Nachrichtendienst
a) Organization
b) Chiefs
c) Directed against Britain - people and organizations.
4. Nazi Spies in Britain.
a) Biographical data cards, alphabetically arranged.
b) “British Free Corps” and defectors. Biographical data cards.
5. Abwehr activities other than in Britain, and names of agents:
a) France, Switzerland
b) Eastern Europe: Poland, CSR, Balkans, USSR.
c) Middle East
d) Africa
e) USA
f) South America
g) Far East
6. German Intelligence after 1945, largely re: Gehlen. Alphabetical biographical file cards, and organizational data.
7. Author’s Literature Reference cards. General background reference material for his books.
Series 8
Research Materials. – 1921-1979. – 6.86 m of textual records and graphic material. – Title based on content of the series. – The series mainly contains news clippings but there are also some typescripts, mimeographs, hand written notes, correspondence, magazine tear-sheets, film negatives and one reel of microfilm. Most of the material is contained in numbered envelopes. Some of the material is in file folders. Some original news clippings have been photocopied for preservation purposes.
Arrangement:
Africa, Boxes 75-76
Arab-Oil Embargo and other topics, Boxes 80-81
China, Box 77
Communist Satellite States, Boxes 51-2
Countries of the world in alphabetical order, Boxes 83-6
Crime and other topics, Box 82
East Germany, Box 49
France, Box 50
Germany, Boxes 46-48
Great Britain, Boxes 36-42
Ireland, Boxes 44-5
Israel, Palestine, Middle East, Boxes 66-74
NATO, UN, Box 51
Soviet Union, Boxes 53-5
Soviet Spies in Britain, Boxes 56-8
Soviet Spies elsewhere, Boxes 59-60
USA, Boxes 61-64
Various oversize materials, Box 65
Various Topics, Box 43
Box 36
Great Britain, history of:
F.1 “Espionage.” Typescript copy of an essay on the history of espionage, mainly British, by Susan McManus (1970)
F.2 “Britain”. Clippings on miscellaneous historical subjects. Many are book reviews.
British Secret Service: (Files 3-6)
F.3 “British Secret Service History”. Research material for an unpublished book “The History of the British Secret Service”. Historical subjects from the Norman Conquest to the Commonwealth under Oliver Cromwell placed in envelopes. Included are many book reviews.
a) H1: Early History
b) H2: Norman and Plantagenet Kings from William to Edward II (1066-1307)
c) H3: Lancaster and York. Kings from Edward III to the Tudors.
d) H4: Tudors: Henry VII (1485-1509), Henry VIII (1509-1547), Wolsey (1471-1530), Edward VI (1547-1553), Mary (1553-1558).
e) H5: Tudors: Elizabeth I (1558-1603), Cecils, Walsingham.
f) H6: Stuarts: James 1 (1603-1625); Charles I (1629-1649); Gunpowder Plot; Robert Carr (Duke of Somerset), the King’s favourite after Robert Cecil; George Villiers (Buckingham), assassinated Aug. 13, 1628 under Charles I.
g) H7: Commonwealth: Oliver Cromwell, Scott, Thurloe.
F.4
a) H 8: Seventeenth century after the Restoration: Charles II, James II, William and Mary (1689-1702), Monmouth Rebellion, Popish Plot (1685), Glorious Revolution (1689). Topics covered: Pepys, Navy, events of 1688, 1689, the Bentincks, James II.
b) H 9: Clippings: 1966-1975. Queen Anne, Marlborough, Union of England and Scotland (1707), Harley, Defoe. Topics covered: European diplomacy 1451-1789; Cookridge’s notes, William and Mary, Marlborough, Bolingbroke and Harley, Defoe, Prior.
c) H 10: Early and mid-18th Century: Clippings: 1974-75. Walpole, Prior, Eden (from Queen Anne) to George I (1714-1727), George II (1727-1760), Jacobite Rebellions (1715) to Bonny Prince Charlie and Culloden (1745); Cookridge’s notes; Spanish shipwrecks of 1715; Newcastle; Prebble.
d) H 11: Clippings: 1972. George III, North, and Chatham, Gordon Riots, June 1780. Cookridge’s notes.
e) H 12: Clippings: 1966. American War of Independence. Major John Andre. Contains booklet on American history; Cookridge’s notes.
f) H 13: Clippings: 1964-1978 French Revolution; Napoleon’s poisoning (new information, 1964); Metternich; Talleyrand, Lord Abingdon; D’Hautrive; the Actons; Nelson; Cookridge’s notes.
g) H 14: Napoleonic Wars, George III, Burke, Fox, Pitt the Younger, Portland, Spencer, Perceval; British Administration list 1783-1827; George Canning; John Wilkes; Wellington; Siege of Saragossa.
F.5
a) H 15: George IV (1820-1830), Wellington (1829-1830), Peterloo Reform Act; Lord Liverpool (1812-1827), George Canning (d. 1827), Goderich (1827); Queen Caroline; Wellington in India; Wellesley; the later Cecils. Clippings from 1969-1975.
b) H 16: . Clippings:1962. 19th Century: Cato Street Conspiracy (23 Feb. 1820); Cookridge’s notes; Robert Peel; Opium War.
c) H 17: Clippings: 1968-1972. Era of Reform (1820-1846), Whigs, Lord Grey; William IV (1830-1837); Peel (1841-1847, overthrown by Disraeli); Early Victoria; Wm. Russell; Russian peasants; Bentinck; Tolpuddle Martyrs
d) H 18: Clippings: 1970-1976.Victoria: Crimean War; the Gallant 600; Cardigan; Gordon; Melbourne.
e) H 19: Clippings: 1966-1977. Victoria: Mid-Victorian –Palmerston, Russell, Disraeli, Gladstone; Lord Salisbury; Napoleon III; von Haynau; War with Persia (1855); Egypt; Zulu War.
f) H 19a: Clippings: 1964-1976. Cecil Rhodes: South Africa, Boer War diary – Mafeking; Baden-Powell at Mafeking; Comte de Villebois-Mareuil; Ladysmith; Cookridge’s notes.
F.6
a) H 20a: Clippings: 1974-75. King Edward VII: 1975 Sunday Telegraph series by G. Brook-Shepherd: Jan. 26, Feb. 2, Feb. 9, Feb. 16, Feb. 23. Series complete.
b) H 20b: Clippings: 1969 – 1976. Edward VII: Baccarat Scandal; Entente Cordiale; Edwardiana; book reviews on Edward VII.
c) H 20c: Clippings: 1936, 1978. Edward VIII: Assassination attempts on British Royalty. Contemporary account of an attack on King Edward VIII; television drama on Edward VIII’s departure into exile in 1936.
d) H 20d: Clippings: 1969-1974. Late 18th century History: Prime ministers: Pitt the Younger; Charles James Fox.
e) H 20 e: Clippings: 1947-1973. “The Siege of Sidney Street”. Pictures of a young Winston Churchill in court testifying in the Hounsditch Murders.
F.7 “Britain – Government” and Prime Ministers before World War I
a) General Topics on British Government. Clippings: 1959, 1974.Fact sheets on Britain 2 pp. Published by the Reference Division, Central Office of Information, London. Pamphlet R2541/3; Party Politics.
b) Treasury and Exchequer. Naval Policy; Political Crises; Horatio Bottomley; Selwyn Lloyd; conscience money; Lord Bridges.
c) 10 Downing Street as a building. Clippings: 1963-1976. Includes some clippings about Prime Ministers; the wives of Downing Street; renovation of the building and costs; BBC London Letter, 1976.
Prime Ministers:
d) Herbert Asquith, Lord Oxford and Asquith – 1908-1916. Reviews of biographies by Lane, Koss.
e) Campbell-Bannerman, PM 1905- 08. Clippings: 1973. Review of Biography: Wilson.
f) Stanley Baldwin – PM 1923-24; 1924-29; 1935-37. Clippings: 1969-1976. General Strike; Biography Review: Hyde, Young; Review of Whitehall Diary Vol. II.
g) Balfour, PM 1902-05, Foreign Secretary 1916-19. Clippings: 1963-1975. Biography Reviews: Zebel, Young.
h) Lloyd George. Review of Biographies: Rowland, Grigg, George, Kinnear, Morgan; Maurice case; Obit for Frances, Countess Lloyd George; Cross: Diary of A.J. Sylvester (covering 1931-1945); Maundy Gregory; Churchill and Lloyd George; Marconi case; Private letters.
i) Ramsay MacDonald – PM 1924, 1929-31, 1931-35. Clippings: 1968-1976. Margach’s reflections; Abyssinia; Labour problems; Curragh, 1914; Campbell case footnote (Hyde).
F.8
a) Neville Chamberlain – PM 1937-40. Clippings: 1967-1976. As appeaser; turning down a possible award; his choice of targets in war; first-person political history by Ian Colvin; Lord Stanhope; Chamberlain’s Cabinet; Munich1938; Hitler; Mussolini; Liberal Party; Newsreel scandal.
b) Between the Wars. Clippings: 1960-1978. Hitler 1930s; British Cabinet; Plan Z; Ian Colvin’s personal recollections; revision of thinking about the Depression in Britain after historical research; Cookridge notes.
Winston Churchill:
F.9
a) Clippings: 1969-1975. “The Enemy Within” Series: Observer Review 1969. 30 March, 6, 13 April; Review Churchill’s Biography by Gilbert, Vol IV (1975), Vol V (1976); Roosevelt and Churchill; Stalin and Churchill; Reviews of Biographies: AJP Taylor, Gretton; Sunday Times Weekly Review series: 1968, October 13, 20; de Gaulle, Yalta; 1929-1940 “in the wilderness” article; Boer War; Bower obit; other Prime Ministers; RA Butler; greatness; article on Gilbert and massive biography of Churchill; Butskellites (Keynes, Beveridge).
b) Clippings: 1978. Controversy between Churchill and Lord Boothby. Boothby’s memoirs, Letters to editors, Churchill’s alcoholism.
F.10. Clippings: 1951-1978. Cartoons; genealogy; 90th birthday; Randolph Churchill; Tonypandy riots; 1926 General Strike; More reviews of biography by Gilbert; Redpath; near-bankruptcy; AJP Taylor; At War (Lewin); Bracken; Railway Union, 1911; Reviews of Centenary biographies by Pelling, Rhodes, James; Potsdam; Australia, Beaverbrook; Sinking of the Prince of Wales in 1941; Collier’s article, 1951; wartime weekend retreat.
Prime Ministers:
F.11
a) Attlee: Clippings: 1946-1977. As union man; Mrs. Attlee; condensed biography, n.d.; Lynskey Tribunal; postwar austerity.
b) Sir Anthony Eden. Profiles (1935, 1947); as Foreign Secretary; as Prime Minister; Ponsonby obit; Eden obit, Jan 15, 1977.
Box 37
F.1
a) Harold Macmillan. Clippings from 1945-1975.
b) Sir Alec Douglas Home. Clipping: 1973
c) Edward Heath. Clippings: 1972-1975
d) Edward Heath, “His Fall”. Clippings from 1976-77.
e) James Callaghan. Clippings: 1975-1976.
F.2
a) Harold Wilson Clippings from 1963-1968.
b) Harold Wilson, Second Term. Clippings from 1974-77. Forgery case: David Milhench.
c) Common Market Referendum, 5 June, 1975: Voting results; 1976, consequences.
F.3 Party Politics and Elections. Clippings 1972-1975.
F.4 Personalia. Leo Amery (d. 1955); Reginald Maudling, Hamilton Kerr, Sir Dingle Foot; Sir Alfred Butt; Aneurin Bevan (d. 1960). Clippings 1973-1978.
F.5 Cabinet Papers; Investigations of Leaks. Clippings 1976.
F.6 Records Office Indexes of documents held (1954). Clippings 1954-1978.
F.7 Margaret Thatcher as Conservative Leader. Clippings Feb. 1975.
F.8 Richard Crossman Diaries: Political Results. Clippings 1975-1976.
F.9 Cabinet and Whitehall after 1945: Mandarins, etc. Clippings 1956-1971.
F.10 Cabinet Papers, 1939-1945: Commentaries. Clippings 1967-1972.
F.11 Parliament: Organization, Activities. Clippings 1964-1978.
F.12 Parliament and MPs. Clippings: 1935-1978.
F.13 Labour Party. Clippings: 1960-1978.
F.14 Conservative Party. Clippings: 1973-1977.
F.15 Liberal Democratic Party: David Owen; Jeremy Thorpe. Clippings: 1976-1978.
Box 38A
F.1 Minor UK Political Parties
a) Communist Party. Clippings 1947-1967.
b) Independents. Clipping: 1974.
c) Socialist Workers Party. Clippings: 1974, 1977
F.2 Communist Party: Front Organizations, Leaders. Clippings: 1952-1975.
F.3 Communists and Trade Unions: Fears of Control . Clippings: 1947-1978.
F.4 Workers Revolutionary Party (WRP): Lawsuit (Redgrave et al. vs. The Observer). Clippings: 25 October – 10 November, 1978.
F.5 The Civil Service: Organization, High-level Members, Problems in. Clippings: 1946-1973.
F.6 The Civil Service: Personalia, Sacking of Brian Sedgemore over Leaked Treasury Document. Clippings: 1967-1978.
F.7 Foreign Office: Personalia, Spheres of Influence. Clippings: 1965-1978.
F.8 Foreign Office: The Diplomatic Service (General). Clippings: 1967-1978.
F.9 Foreign Office: Envoys
F.10 Foreign Office: Privileges, Embassies.
F.11 Foreign Office: Operations Personnel, Improvements, Lord Halifax, Harvey Memoirs. Clippings: 1935-1978.
F.12 Interpreters, Linguists. Clippings: 1936-1965.
F.13 Home Office: Scotland Yard Scandal, Regular Policing. Clippings: 1970-1979.
F.14 Home Office: Scotland Yard Day-to-Day Operations. Includes booklet: “100 Facts on Scotland Yard”, n.d. Clippings: 1935-1978.
F.15 Home Office: Civil Law. Also: Amnesty International; human rights. Clippings: 1945-1977.
F.16 Miscellaneous: Aliens in Britain; 1977 British Leyland Scandal. Clippings: 1946-1977.
Royal Family (F.17 to F.32)
F.17 Monarchy (General), Windsor Castle, Buckingham Palace. Clippings: 1930 – 1964. Weekly series (1936) on Buckingham Palace as a building; booklet: “Queen and People” (1959).
F.18 Finances; Prince Philip at 50 (biographical articles, 1971); Prince Charles at 21. Clippings: 1969-1971.
F.19 Royal Family: Prince Philip: Naval Officer, Family Man, Controversial Speaker, State Visits, Commander Parker. Clippings: 1947-1965.
F.20 Prince Charles. Clippings
Box 38B
F.21 Princess Anne. Clippings: 1960-1973.
F.22 Princess Margaret, Antony Armstrong-Jones; The Snowdons. Clippings: 1947-1970.
F.23 Prince Andrew; Prince Edward. Clippings: 1959-1968.
F.24 The Queen: Clippings: 1936-1969. Her wealth; Royal protocol; the Monarchy; Her Majesty as a mother.
F.25 Clippings: 1947-1973. Prince Philip as hunter, sportsman, science advocate, sailor.
F.26 Clippings: 1953-1962. Prince Philip as hunter, pilot, German cousin, as consort. Royal name change (1960).
F.27 Clippings: 1946-1973. 1) Royal household staff, 2) Royal Honorary Orders.
F.28 Clippings: 1945-1962. Crown jewels; Tower of London.
F.29 Queen Victoria, Prince Albert. Clippings: 1947-1973.
F.30 Clippings: 1964-1972. Edward VII: 1) Accounts following biography by Philip Magnus; 2) Lord Lonsdale
F.31 Clippings: 1937-1973. Duke of Windsor; King George VI and Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother; Duke of Gloucester; Duke of Kent, and Dowager Duchess of Kent (Princess Marina); Princess Alexandra and Angus Ogilvy; Earl of Harewood.
F.32 Clippings: 1946-1972. Miscellaneous.
Box 39
F.1 Battenberg to Mountbatten: Genealogy of Battenberg/Mountbatten family, 18th Century to 1960. See also Box 8.
F.2 Battenberg to Mountbatten: Louis II; Alexander of Hesse, Julie Hauke and family. Mostly Cookridge handwritten notes, printed genealogical information, and general family background.
F.3 Battenberg to Mountbatten: Louis III, Prince of Battenberg and 1st Marques of Milford Haven.
F.4 Battenberg to Mountbatten: Henry, brother of Louis III; his children: Alexander (Lord Carisbrooke), Leopold, Maurice, Queen Ena, and some grandchildren.
F.5 Battenberg to Mountbatten: Clippings: 1931-1965. Louis III of Battenberg’s children: George, 2nd Marquess of Milford Haven, and his children; Queen Louise of Sweden; Princess Alice of Greece; Lord Louis Mountbatten.
F.6 Battenberg to Mountbatten: Clippings: 1921-1965. Lord Louis Mountbatten, Earl of Burma, First Sea Lord; Edwina, Countess of Burma; Sir Ernest Cassel. File ends, ironically, with pre-written (1950) galley proof of obit for Earl Mountbatten, which was probably never used.
F.7 Battenberg to Mountbatten: Clippings: 1946-1965. Prince Philip’s sisters: Margarita, Theodora, Cecile, Sophie.
F.8 Battenberg to Mountbatten: Clippings: 1946-1969. Royal Romances, e.g. King Leopold of Belgium; Kings in Exile; Foreign Royalty.
Box 40
F.1 World War I: History: Clippings: 1964-1975. Archduke Ferdinand; Dardanelles; Roger Casement; 1922-1924 Chanak Crisis.
F.2 World War II: History: Clippings: 1939-1974. 1970s opinion pieces on British conduct of the War; Battle of Britain; Dunkirk; the Defense of Britain; “The Man Who Never Was”.
F.3 Clippings 1970-1977. Personalia: Wavell, Tunis, Montgomery, Freyburg; Obits of World War II military leaders (British), 1970-1977; 1975 retrospective numbers of Diario Illustrado, #s 22 and 25, of 1939, and 1941-42.
F.4 Clippings: 1970-1972. Naval Convoy PQ17.
F.5 Clippings: 1959-1974. Operation Overlord (D-Day); “Unofficial History of 20th Century” magazine articles, incomplete.
F.6 1946-1978. Stories from the war, reflections on the war, most from D-Day + 30 (1974); Sunday Times article on the Nazi occupation of Paris.
British Government:
F.7 Ministry of Defense I Clippings: 1970-1978
F.8 Ministry of Defense II. Clippings: 1972-1978 Army clippings; Sales of armaments,
Box 41A
F.1 Ministry of Defense III: Clippings: 1973-1978. Obituaries; Royal Air Force; Classified Research projects; British nuclear activities, principally power generation.
F.2 Ministry of Defense IV: Clippings: 1974-1977. Navy.
F.3 Clippings: 1967-1978. Miscellaneous personalia; history; judiciary; industry; politics; BBC; land ownership; reflections on war.
F.4 Security Issues I: 1) Indexes and addresses of magazines; newspapers frequently perused; 2) Index of foreign and provincial newspapers and their addresses; 3) Articles on spies, sabotage; 4) newspaper reports of an obedience experiment; 5) security methods 4) Opening of antiquarian newspaper shop in London.
F.5 Security Issues II: Clippings: 1937-1973. 1) Index for envelopes “SE1 – SE33”; 2) Heads of Security 1921-1964; 1938 article on sabotage; 3) Hinchley-Cooke: obits, career; 4) Lord Justice Winn, Lord Normanbrooke, Sir Caspar John: MI-5 tales, anti-spy operations; 5) Lord Denning, Lord Diplock: security scandals, especially the Profumo case; 6) Commission report on Bingham and Hinchcliffe.
F.6 MI 5: Clippings: 1949-1978. Personalia; XX Committee (World War II); Official Secrets Act, D Notices; debates.
F.7 Official Secrets Act I: D Notices; Censorship; Lohan.
F.8 Official Secrets Act II: Clippings: 1946-1978. Censorship; Franks Committee.
F.9 Official Secrets Act III: Clippings: 1970-1971. Case against Editor of the Daily Telegraph (1970) and the paper; proposals for privacy legislation, and need for revision of the Act; reviews of book on Daily Telegraph trial by Jonathan Aitken.
Security:
F.10 Clippings: 1951-1962. Surveillance; Counterintelligence after Burgess and Maclean; Crabb’s death; Privy Counsellors’ Conference on Security.
F.11 Clippings: 1961-62. Post-George Blake Radcliffe Commission, Report, and consequences; 1977 obit.
F.12 Clippings: 1962-1963, 1972. Vassall trial, Cunningham Inquiry (Lord Carrington, Thos. Galbraith); commentary.
F.13 Clippings: 1962-1975. Screening of Civil Servants; silent journalists; caution to Civil Servants about social contacts; Bossard case report; Vassall tribunal report.
F.14 Clippings: 1922-1975. Private spies; bugging devices and use; cases of industrial espionage by Japan, Germany.
F.15 Clippings: 1935-1976. Industrial Espionage in Britain; including Concorde.
Box 41B
F.16 Clippings: 1928-1976. Industrial Espionage in Britain: Private spies; Private eyes; security leaks; lost documents; missing persons.
F.17 Clippings: 1957-1975. Hoaxes; phone tapping; surveillance; terrorists; parcel bombs; Libya Groups, known Communists and their activities.
F.19 Clippings: 1952-1971. Counter-espionage, counter-sabotage; warnings against being trapped by spies; arms dealers; Rudi Dutschke.
F.20 Clippings: 1976-1977. Deportation of Philip Agee and Mark Hosenball; accusations against left-wing Labour MPs. See also Box 64, Section 2, Envelope 24, and Section 4, Envelope 1.
F.21 Clippings 1946-1979. Counter sabotage after WWII. Warnings to businessmen of spy traps if they visited Communist countries; Bossard case; Front organizations of Communists in Britain; MI 5 activities and PM Wilson.
F.22 Clippings 1968-1975. Anarchists, incl. Dutschke; “Angry Brigade”.
F.23 Clippings: 1968-1978. Left-Wing Concerns: Extreme organizations; Bertrand Russell Peace Foundation; Marxist Groups: Trotskyites, student groups, race riots.
F.24 National Council for Civil Liberties; Socialist Workers’ contempt of court case; Actors Equity vs. Vanessa Redgrave; Red Lion Demonstration – Scarman Inquiry; Private Police, Private Armies.
F.25 Clippings: 1969-1977. Left-Wing Concerns: Trotskyite and Marxist conspirators; Andy Bevan; Red House and Coren Redgrave.
F.26 Clippings: 1971-1978. Right-Wing Concerns: anti-Trade Union and anti-Socialist organizations; mercenaries; John Banks.
F.27 Clippings: 1947-1978. Right-Wing Concerns: Private Armies, Anti-terror organizations; Pacifists; Oswald Mosley; National Front.
Box 42A
F.1 Clippings: 1961-1977. Right-Wing Concerns: CIA Fronts; Ross McWhirter; National Front before 1975; Lewisham march.
F.2 Clippings: 1935-1975. Right-Wing Concerns: Nazis and Fascists in Britain; Welsh Nationalists; Scottish “Tartan Army”.
F.3 Clippings: 1974-1978. Right-Wing Concerns: Mercenaries: Biafra, Angola, John Banks.
F.4 Clippings: 1922-1977. Special Branch, Scotland Yard: General Information.
F.5 Clippings: 1946-1974. Special Branch, Scotland Yard: Royal Detectives; Individual cases, e.g. Princess Anne; Passport forgeries; Security at Porton.
F.6 Clippings: 1952-1975.Special Branch: Atomic establishments, industries, military bases; Burglary of MP; Surveillance; Protection of Property.
F.7 Clippings 1970-1974. Special Branch: Right-Wing Concerns: “Nazis (Fascists)”; Lennon case (1974) and sequelae; Secret Service: Agents – WWI and before; Agents between the wars, e.g. Reilly; “Zinoviev Letter”; SIS Organizations.
F.8 Clippings: 1962-1971. British Defections: Smith, T.M.; Borlase; Walker, G.; Keenan and Blackburn; Allen, P.S.; Allen; Bossard; Patchett; Stanley; Condron; Fell.
F.9 Espionage I: History of Spying: Clippings: 1934-1978. Authors of Stories: Ian Fleming, John LeCarré (David Cornwell); Merlin Minshall as inspiration for Bond.
F.10 Espionage II: History, both Wars: Clippings: 1963-1977. Book Reviews; Hankey, Esher; Counterespionage against Soviet ships; potential WWII Channel Tunnel; George Wigg, XX Committee (Popov); Political Asylum issues.
F.11 Bibliography, General: Clippings: 1948-mid-1970s (most reviews undated). Wars, Spying, Royal United Services Institute Library List (1948), Book Reviews.
Secret Service:
F.12 WWI: Clippings: 1936-1971. General; leading figures; women, e.g. Edith Cavell.
F.13 WWII: Clippings: 1946-1978. V2 rockets (German and English articles); against Nazis; Suez.
F.14 Clippings: 1945-1975. MI-9; Escape organizations; Defense Intelligence: Kenneth Strong; Ministry of Defense; Defense Intelligence post-1964; John Lethbridge; Deserters (1945-1946); British Embassy’s assistance in Spain for 30,000 escapees from the Franco regime.
F.15 Security Intelligence Service (S.I.S.): Clippings: 1923-1977. General; History – Le Caron, Sinn Fein; WWI Agents: Compton Mackenzie, Somerset Maugham, T. E. Lawrence.
F.16 Between the Wars (1919-1939): Clippings: 1922-1973. Lockhardt, Arcos Raid, A-54 against Hitler (in Spanish).
F.17 Clippings: 1948-1976. School at Ashford, Kent; IRA, Torture Complaint; SAS in Ulster; National Defence College; British Armed Forces – Army: Field Marshals Alexander, Montgomery, obituaries of other commanders.
F.18 Naval Intelligence, WWI: Clippings: 1961-1977. Admirals; WWII: Spy Cases (Portland), betrayal, PQ-17; obituaries from 1970s of retired naval commanders.
Box 42B
F.19 Air Intelligence: Clippings: 1962-1972. Jane’s Aircraft article; RAF, Central Flying School, Harrier, surveillance; “Scharnhorst” and “Gneisenau” (1941); Lord Denning, obituaries of RAF veterans; bombing of Germany; reconnaissance.
Security Intelligence Service (S.I.S.):
F.20 Heads: Clippings: 1961-1978. General, Lord Radcliffe’s inquiry into MI-6, spy cases; Lord Wigg; Sir D. G. White; Sir John Rennie (most in re: his son, Charles Rennie’s, conviction for drugs); Maj. Gen. Sir Stewart Menzies; Geoffrey McDermott; George Kenneth Young (Deputy Head); Maurice Oldfield (succeeded Rennie); Arthur Temple Banks; Sir Desmond Morton (WW II); Sir Peregrine Henniker-Heaton and the bizarre circumstances of his death.
F.21 Clippings: 1963-1978. Espionage, General History: Cookridge notes; obituaries, wartime accounts, finances for espionage, organization after WW II to 1963; S.I.S. before 1914 and WW I including T. E. Lawrence (see above), Edmund Backhouse; S.I.S. Between the Wars (1919-1939): Wm. C. Bullitt, Edward VIII and the Nazis; S.I.S. during WW II.
F.22 Clippings: 1943-1978. Communications: Codes and code-breakers, e.g. “Enigma”, Dilly Knox, Trevor Roper, F.W. Winterbotham; POW letters; development of codes, Bletchley Park, radio: broadcast and reception equipment, obituaries.
F.23 Clippings: 1943-1978. Associated Organizations, Institutes: Moral Rearmament (Oxford Group), Intl Inst for Strategic Studies (1971 information); S.I.S-Government Connections: £ support for spy services, Whitehall. S.I.S. Agents: parachuted; Malcolm Muggeridge; Venlo Incident.
F.24 Recruiting, Training: Clippings: 1936-1977. Middle East Centres, forgeries and equipment, bugging devices, spies and psychology, budgets, interrogations, I.Q. Tests (copies).
F.25 Agents: Clippings: 1961-1978. Graham Greene, E. G. Edelmann; after 1945: Wm Stephenson, Solzhenitsyn (as reported), Col. “B” (? H.A. Johnstone); Cold War origins; Rhodesia – problems; Around the World: Togo, Nigeria, Biafra, Uganda, Sudan, Russia; Ian Walsworth-Bell expelled from S.I.S., Anthony Bishop, “Scarlet Pimpernel” against Communism.
F.26 Clippings: 1962-1974. Greville Wynne: Arrest and trial (1962), negotiations for exchange, exchange for Gordon Lonsdale, life after release, alleged spy network around him in Moscow – Oleg Penkovsky.
F.27 Agents after 1945: Clippings: 1949-1973. Constantine Boldyreff, Lev Rahr, Brig. C.A. Harper, Leslie Nicholson (“John Whitwell”), John Cartland/Jeremy Cartland.
F.28 Middle East: Clippings: 1953-1973. Nasser & Yemen; embargo against Egypt, Swinburn and Zarb; Iraq & Leslie March; Cyprus, Eoka, Gen Grivas, Peter Gray case; China & 1968 arrest of Britons; Biafra; Uganda & Lea.
F.29 C.I.A. Cooperation: Clippings: 1960-1974. “Operation Valuable”, Philby and Maclean, Left-Wing marches in Britain; cooperation with other agencies: Sir Wm Stephenson, miscellaneous accounts.
F.30 Agents: Clippings: 1963-1975. Rev. David Hathaway, Ustinov (“Klop”), Sgt. Maj. Rowsell, D. J. Knox, Hindle James, Gervase and Pamela Cowell, Felicity Stuart, Nigel Laville, train/plane spotters in Yugoslavia, Cdr. Anthony Courtney, Anthony Grey, Jerzy Pawlowski, Adam Kaczmarzyk, Andrei Klymchuk, purported SIS link with BBC, Peter Tennant, Brian Nicholas, Ann Lewis, Alan Holmes, Clyde Farnsworth, Michael Woodridge, Frank King.
F.31 Agents: Clippings: 1956-1976. Macleod case, Lionel “Buster” Crabbe apparent death (1956); Agents in China (1969-1971); alleged agents in Czechoslovakia (1964-1969).
Box 43A
Note: These clippings are listed in alphabetical order by topic. Some envelopes have pseudonymously written summaries or prospectuses. Cookridge appears to have inherited someone else’s collection, largely from the 1920s and 1930s.
F.1 A: Art – Painting: Clippings: 1930-1967. Art Robberies
F.2 B: Bullfighting. Clippings: 1962-1965; Buried (Time Capsules). Clippings: 1938-1965.
F.3 C: Children of the Famous. Clippings: 1928-1970s; Claimants to Fortunes, including the Tichborne Claimant. Clippings: 1922-1961.
F.4
D, E, F:
Doodling. Clippings: 1945-1962.
Doubles: Unrelated persons who look alike. Clippings: 1925-1963.
Expensive Things. Clippings: n.d.
Food: Caviar. Clippings: 1946-1962.
Fortune Telling, Clipping: 1958.
Fortunes, Unclaimed. Clippings: 1946-1958.
F.5 G(1): Gambling: General. Clippings: 1921-1966; Lotteries. Clippings: 1924-1962.
F.6 G(2):
Ghosts. Clippings: before 1933-1956.
Ghosts: Haunted Houses. Clippings: 1933-1960.
Graphology: Clipping: 1943.
Guillotine. Clipping: 1946.
Hanging, Hangman. Clippings: 1949-1961.
F.7 H: Hoaxes. Clippings: 1930s-1960; Hotels. Clippings: 1946-1967.
F.8 M. P: Moon. Clippings 1946-1969.; Psychology/Psychoanalysis. Clippings: 1925-1974.
F.9 R: Religion:
Anglican Church. Clippings: 1945-1962.
Buddhism/Hinduism, etc. Clippings: 1954-1959.
Depictions of Christ: Turin Shroud. N.d.
Protestantism. Clippings: 1939-1946.
Sects (1) “Father Divine”. Clippings: 1936-1946.
Sects (2): Various. Clippings: 1937-1962.
F.10 S:
Salvage (ships) Clippings: 1922-1935.
Servants – Old Style. Clipping: 1968.
Ships. Clippings: 1920s-1969.
Shipwrecks, e.g. Titanic. Clippings: 1931-1965.
Shoplifting. Clippings: 1947-1966.
Slavery (modern). Clippings: 1962-1963.
Note: At this point, the contents of the original storage box end. It was followed in another box by mainly British material
F.11 Budget Leaks, Britain: Clippings: 1927-1961
F.12 Clubs and Societies (Britain): Clippings: ca 1925-1976.
F.13 Cold War: Clippings: 1948-1976. Prisoners: Barrymaine; Cleaver; Ballantine; Grey; Scammell; technology; navy; oil.
F.14 Crime and Criminals: Clippings: 1972-1978. Includes Bernie Cornfeld and the IOS.
F.15 Extra-Governmental Organizations: Clippings: 1937-1978. Right-Wing; Left-Wing; Scottish Nationalists/Devolution.
F.16 History/Biography: Clippings: 1964-1978. Largely military and governance related.
F.17 Honours and Orders, British: Clippings 1937-1978. Admiralty Marshal; Knights Templar; payment for Honours; Heraldry; War Honours; Awards of merit; Nobility.
Box 43B
F.18 Humanitarian Activities: Clippings 1973-1976.
F.19 Ireland: Clippings: 1974-1975. Police and IRA activities; anti-terrorism Bill.
F.20 Obits: Clippings: 1973-1978. Politicians; Nobility; Military Commanders.
F.21 Personalia: Clippings 1946-1977. Prisoners of Cold War to judiciary to drug dealers, Triads; Rudyard Kipling..
F.22 Police: Persons/Cases: Clippings 1968-1976. Robert Mark; police activities; technology; Special Branch.
F.23 Police and Security: Clippings 1935-1976. Early Clippings include wartime; criticism of police; spy-hunting.
F.24 Clippings: 1949-1978. Publishers, Writers, Newspapers: press concerns, economic changes, Cecil King Memoirs.
F.25 Security: Airport sabotage; anti-terrorism. Clippings: 1970-1976
F.26 Social Studies/Economics: Education; inflation; social reform; RAC club finances; Manchester after cotton. Clippings 1965-1978.
F.27 Unions, Labour: Clippings 1976-1978.
F.28 Wars: World, I-II: Clippings 1970-1978. History.
F.29 Weapons/Explosives: Clippings: 1974-1978. Police; security; gangs.
F.30 Whitehall/Politicians: Varied topics: Clippings: approximately 1947-1975.
F.31 Miscellaneous: Clippings 1946-1977.
Box 44
Ireland, IRA, UDA, The Troubles
Ireland:
F.1 Clippings: 1972-1977; The Republic, ca. 1972-1976; IRA kidnapping of Dr. Herrema; trial of kidnappers.
F.2 Clippings: 1973-1975. Art Robbery, arrest of Sr. Rose Dugdale; IRA bombings in London, 1973; IRA most wanted terrorist, Margaret McKearny (1975); Bombs at Holland Park House and death of G.H. Fairley; IRA bombing in London: Caterham; Kensington Shoe Shop; Hilton Hotel; bus stop; Mayfair; Gun-running: shipping of arms in the “Claudia”; Cahill; Incendiaries and letter bombs in London.
F.3 Clippings: 1969-1975. IRA press release, publications, Christmas card; Summary of bombing to August, 1975; Obituary: Eamon de Valera; history and stories from 1916 Irish Revolt.
F.4 Clippings, 1973. UDA arrests and clashes; more IRA bombings.
F.5 The Troubles: Clippings: 1960-1975. History of Sinn Fein IRA; terrorism; Littlejohn; Stodeman case; Provos; prison escapes.
F.6 Clippings: 1972-1976. Terrorism; guns; Provos’ funds loss; MacStiofan; UDA; MI-5 in Ireland; double agents, e.g. Hammond; Irish statistics to 1974.
F.7 Clippings: 1970-1976. IRA and Ulster personalia: Lennon, O’Brien, Gaughan, Rose Dugdale, Kavanagh, Littlejohn, Lord Arran, Paisley, Ward, Donoughmore, Nicol, Fr. Connolly, Price, Stagg; IRA uniform; UDA, Orange Order; Provos.
F.8 Clippings: 1967-1976. Influence of Catholicism on life; Ulster: effects of RUC on Catholic areas; Fascism in Ireland (1930s); Provos and Ulster extremists; Sunningdale Agreement.
F.9 Ulster. Clippings: 1966-1976.
F.10 Rees, Northern Ireland Secretary. Clippings: 1975.
Box 45
F.1 IRA – General. Clippings: 1971-1975.
F.2 IRA. Clippings: Dec. 1975. Balcombe St. (London) Hostage event.
F.3 IRA, Provos: Clippings: 1971-1975 – Bombings in England and Ulster.
F.4 Provisional IRA (Provos): Clippings: 1971-1976. General.
F.5 Clippings: 1970-1976. Opinion; philosophy; side issues.
F.6 Clippings: 1972-1976. Provos, SDLP, IRA, Loyalists: William Whitelaw (1972); Gen Frank King, “Operation Patriot”; O’Connell. Overviews of activities (1974-75) for all groups.
F.7 Clippings: 1970-1975. IRA miscellaneous; obit, Lord Brookeborough; James Callaghan as home Secretary; American sympathizers; IRA connections with other guerilla groups; Kidnapping of Thomas Niedermayer; weapons and bombs; terrorists and torture; reactions against IRA; embassy warnings; assassination of Ross McWhirter.
F.8 Clippings: 1971-1976. IRA operations.
F.9 Clippings: 1973-1979. Claims of torture in English prisons; the Peace People and reactions; Roy Mason.
F.10Clippings: 1974-1978. Provos: Frank Stagg death; Maze prisoners, issues; ill-treatment of Ulster prisoners; Sir Kenneth Newman; media in Ulster; bombings.
F.11 Clippings: 1969-1976. Ulster issues; Provos: personnel, death lists, trials, relationship to Marxists, bombings by Provos, Maire Drumm; SAS activities; Overseas support for IRA; Eire: old reports; London Accord; violence in Eire; IRA uniforms; economy; death of Christopher Ewart-Biggs; Robin Haydon; Erskine Childers; Charles Stewart Parnell; two copies of Ireland Today: Sept, Nov. 1977, #s 914, 917; trial under Eire’s official secrets act.
F.12 Ulster: Clippings: 1972-1976. Governance, various groups..
F.13 Clippings: 1971-1978. Provos: personalia, organization: MacStiofan, Twomey, Coyle, McMorrow, Hasty, O’Connell, Mallon, Convery, Fitzsimmons, McVerry, McMillan, Dugdale, O’Connail.
F.14 Ulster: Clippings: 1971-1976. British policies toward British Army in Ulster; Chronological arrangement.
F.15 Eire: Clippings: 1969-1976. Irish policies regarding IRA; IRA bombings; 2010 accusation of collusion between church and IRA.
Box 46
Note: The order reflects the original classifications. The newspaper clippings are in their original form as received, and some are still in their original envelopes. Others have been placed in new envelopes.
Germany – Intelligence – Historical: Pre 1918-1968
The letters “P.B.”, followed by a number seem to refer to a piece of microfilm. The location of the original microfilm is not specified. A person’s name followed by a letter, e.g. “A”(for “Abwehr?”), and a number, seems to be Gehlen’s Nachrichtendienst number for the individual.
Section 1: German Nachrichtendienst (Secret Service) until 1918
1. Miscellaneous clippings: article by Ladislas Farago (q.v.) (1971); controversy over Germans writing their own history (1966); capture of Falkenbeg spy school (1946); photostats from the Bundesarkiv.
German spies:
Section 1a:
1. Nachrichtendienst. Book Review of “Hitler’s Spies” by David Khan (1978) outlining the ineptitude of most, but praising the work of Gehlen – with reservations.
Section 2:
1. Spies, History. Stieber. Magazine article; handwritten biographical notes.
2. Capt. Steinhauer. Newspaper clipping (1922).
3. Clippings: “Who killed Rosa?” (Rosa Luxembourg, 1969); magazine article (1970) on the 1919 Munich Revolt and the fate of the leader, Eugene Leviné; Rosa Luxembourg is mentioned.
4. 1914-1918 Cases. Clipping: 1924. Prince Joachim, the son of Kaiser Wilhelm.
5. Carl Lody. Clippings: 1934-1938, plus handwritten note (Cookridge) concerning the destroyer named for Lody.
6. Karl Graves. Clippings: 1925-1927
7. Trebitsch – Lincoln. Clippings: 1922-1932. Newspaper and magazine clippings. biographical reports on his deportation, career, etc
8. George Charles Parrott. Clipping: 1933. Naval secrets; his trial.
9. Eva de Bournonville (“Eva the Swede”). 1930s newspaper articles regarding her activities and deportation.
10. Fritz Duquesne (1916). Clippings: 1921-1932. “The Man who killed Lord Kitchener.”
11. Clippings, 1914-1918: Sir Edgar Speyer, 1921 who lost his British citizenship for spying during WWI. Original plus Xerox copy.
12. Clippings: 1926-1962. Mata Hari. Her legendary status as a lover and extractor of secrets from men; handwritten (Cookridge) biographical notes in English and German. See also Box 2.
Section 2: German Intelligence: Abwehr (Hitler)
A1 Abwehr 1933-1945; Organisation. Undated newspaper clippings in English and German about the spy system. Cookridge handwritten historical notes and organizational chart. Photostats in German of organizational chart and data.
A3 Abwehr: Chiefs. Clippings: 1964-1969. Reviews of biographies of Canaris. Handwritten note (Cookridge) on military archival references.
A5 Abwehr Nazi Spies, Training, Schools, etc. Empty envelope.
A7 Abwehr: General Oster (Comment: Anti-Hitler plots).Clippings: 1964, 1975. Observer article; 7-part 1964 historical magazine series.
Section 3: German Nachrichtendienst until 1918
Nazi Spies before World War II (1933-1939)
Clippings: Lorenz organization, undated; book review, (1974) on the German Secret Service.
ABr1 Abwehr: AST Hamburg – Organization against Britain. Handwritten notes: organization names and addresses.
ABr1a Kriegs ND. Organization against Britain Propaganda. Handwritten transcriptions in German (by Cookridge), regarding various personnel and their comments on propaganda.
ABr1b Abwehr: Nazi Spies against Britain: Baron Waldemar von. Oppenheim. A(R) 2048. Biographical notes containing reference to his history.
ABr1c Abwehr Hamburg AST against Britain. Col. Nicholas Ritter (contains letter of January 1974 from Ritter to Cookridge), and copies of clippings about him as “Dr Randtzau”.
ABr1d Abwehr 1933-1945, against Britain. Title: Biography of Ritter and Hamburg AST. Notes by Cookridge about Hamburg Organization; nothing of Ritter.
Nazi Spies in Britain:
ABr2 Before 1939; “sleepers” Reinhardt, Roydt, Owens, etc., General. Envelope empty.
ABr3 Welsh Network: Kuhnemann, Schoberth, Owens (q.v.); Handwritten notes, Cookridge; comments about Ritter.
ABr4 Before 1939: Clippings: 1936. Ship sabotage.
ABr5 Dr. Hermann Goertz, Clippings: 1936-1975. 1st Mission, 1936, 2nd Mission 1940, and his 1936 trial. Notes on his 1940 mission, and biographical material; Ireland.
ABr6. Norman Baillie-Stewart (“The Officer in the Tower”). Clippings: 1933-1971. Handwritten notes (Cookridge), on Baillie-Stewart’s 1933 trial and subsequent attempts to re-open it; partial review of his book, with biographical data.
ABr7 Before the War: Mrs. Jessie Jordan. Her connection to Jennie Hoffmann, hairdresser on the Europa, who ran a huge Nazi spy ring. Prospectus for Cookridge article.
ABr8 Before the War: Joseph Kelly. Empty envelope.
ABr9 Donald Owen, Reginald Adams, writer for Sporting Life; they were tried July 14, 1939. Note (Cookridge).
ABr10 Nazi Spies in Ireland. Gustav Simon, arrested in 1938 in Britain, sentenced to six months. Second mission to Ireland. Handwritten notes (Cookridge) of Simon’s spy activities, with dates.
ABr12 Pamela Dorothy O’Grady (sentenced to death 18/12/40). Newspaper report of her trial.
ABr13 Clippings: 1940, 1953. Marie Louisa Augusta Ingram, William Smith and Archibald Watts; their trial; the consequences for Ingram.
NSE: Nazi Spies in Europe before WWII. Empty envelope.
Section 4: Nazi Spies during World War II
19a Miscellaneous: German Spies. Newspaper clippings: 1946-1976. Cookridge’s notes about parachuted spies, Goertz, etc. and “Capt. Rudersdorf”; Lord Haw-Haw; Herbert Herrmann (U47 sub .capture); Ladislas Farago; Belgian spies (all in English); German article from Der Spiegel about Lahousen, the saboteur.
Nazi Spies in Britain:
ABr20 Clippings: 1940-1954. General. Contains handwritten notes (Cookridge) with his list of German spies in Britain (q.v.) with cross-references to other files.
ABr21 George Arthur Owens, “Johnny” 3504 (or 3054). Handwritten notes about his activities (Cookridge); ref. to Ritter, Kuhnemann, Schoberth, Reinhardt, Diercks, et al. Unternehmen “LENA I” group names several in list, possibly working in Liverpool; notes (Cookridge).
ABr22 Parachuted and landed in Britain during the last war: General. Notes about teleprinter signal 549 to OKW Luft/E from AST Hamburg 703/41; 3 such notes. Clipping: Dec 1944: German agents at work in Britain.
ABr23 Sabotage during the war. Notes (Cookridge), on poor paper, about agents in Britain. References to articles in the Times (1939-1943). Explosions, taken at random from the annual register (1940-42); article on railway sabotage.
ABr23a “Cato” (British Spy Jorge Antonio, Spanish, spied on Germans), “Garbo”, Sefton Delmer’s story .
ABr 3b “3725”, “Little Schmidt”(Wolf-Ulrich Schmidt), Gunter Peis wrote story about him (1971). Clipping: 1977. Story about “Harry”(Agent 3725).
ABr24 Hans Schmidt 3150, Jorgen Bjornson. Notes (Cookridge) from Ritter on their activities.
ABr25 Hummer I nord. (Dierks) Waelti = Petter; Drueke = Druegge; Vera von Schalberg = Mrs. Ericson. Clippings: 1945, 1954. Notes on all three and their networking with Welsh group (at least); cross-reference from Owens; list of identity card numbers; executions of Waelti, Drueke (n.d.); their capture, trials; manuscripts on “The Danish Countess” which mentions Ritter’s activities.
ABr26 Clippings: 1940-1954. Hummer South; Waldberg, Meier, Karl; Kieboom, Pons. Clipping: 1945. Notes (Cookridge) and his published article on their capture and execution. See also Series 2.
ABr27 Nazi Spies in Britain: George Armstrong, exec. July 9, 1941. Empty envelope.
ABr 28 Karl Richard Richter (for Assassinations). Clippings: 1940, 1945. His execution; copy of Cookridge article on Neukermanns and Richter. See also Series 2.
ABr30 Bischoff, Johannes. Notes (Cookridge) some in German, on Bischoff, presumably transcriptions of messages.
ABr31 Dr. Ter Braak; Jan Willem, found dead in Cambridge (probably arrived Sept or Oct, 1940). Notes (Cookridge), possibly transcriptions of reports.
ABr32 Josef Jakobs. Executed 16 August, 1941; report of his trial and execution.
ABr33 Hummer three: Jack Berg, Olav Klausen (arrived May 1941). Also loose note re: Karl Heinz Kramer. Notes, some with reference to Wigton and Peis” book They Spied on England; notes on “Major Ops” controlled by Kramer.
ABr34 Mohamed Salman, Iraqi Capt. (Left, May 1941). Empty envelope.
ABr35 Johannes Marinus Dronkers. Clippings: 1943, 1945. His arrest and execution; article by Cookridge See also Series 2.
ABr36 Friedrich Kaulen. Note listing Kaulen as first-rate agent (1941).
ABr37 Alphonse Timmermann, and others. Empty envelope.
ABr39 Franciscus Johannes Winter. Clipping: 1943. His capture and execution. Note with biographical data.
ABr40 Duncan Alexander Croall Scott-Ford. Clipping: 1942. His trial and execution.
ABr41 Clipping: 1946. Rogerio Peixoto de Menezes (Portuguese Embassy, 1943). His activities; trial; and imprisonment.
ABr42 Clippings: 1944, 1948. Oswald John Job (“BBC spy”). His activity, trial, and execution. Photocopy of letter from S.J. Warner of the Red Cross regarding inaccuracies in Cookridge’s book: “Secrets of the British Secret Service”, 1948. The original letter is in Series 3: Correspondence.
ABr44 Hummer Funf Nord; Hans Sorensen, with “Pedro” Kupferhagen; Hans Braun (stamp dealer); “Mewe”; “Koch”. Notes about their activities from Scandinavia to the north of Scotland.
ABr45 Pierre Richard Neukermans. Empty envelope, but see ABr 28 in this box.
ABr46 Joseph Jan van Hove. Empty envelope.
ABr48 Horst Ernst Lattreuter, “Seidemann” F2370, P.B. 811 F”. Brief research note.
ABr50 “Walter J. H. Lohrey, A2019, USA-born. P.B. 845- 849 photostat”. Brief research note
ABr51 Georges Rappord (1941-1944 in Britain). Brief research note
Clipping not in an envelope (1968) in German. German nurse, “Schwester Hanne”, who spied for Rommel.
Note: All subsequent envelopes in this section, except where noted, have the same heading: “German Intelligence Abwehr, Nazi Spies in (or against) Britain”, and have been numbered by archival staff.
52. James Brady. 1946, sentenced to 15 years (later reduced to 12). Brief biographical note.
53. Kurt Manhenke F2356, P.B. 846-848F. “Committed suicide” before being dispatched. Brief biographical note
54. Heinrich Lorenz F2319. Brief note.
55. Middle East: Ali Ekber Mahondtjih “Ekber 2606. P.B. 867-F. Brief note.
56. Giovanni Grimo. Brief note.
57. South Africa: Robey Leibbrandt. Brief note.
58. Royal Oak Case. Newspaper clipping in French about the sinking (n.d., no source).
59. Unsolved cases: Clippings: 1945-1947, 1963. “Caesar”, etc.; Pothole case, concerning a skeleton found in a cave; man claiming to be Karl Dickenhoff, but in a mental home; grave of a German Naval officer on uninhabited island North Rona, found in 1940.
60. Fidremuc, code-named “Ostro”. In Lisbon 1942 enlisted Scott-Ford, q.v.. Empty envelope.
61. “Bedi” Verhauersmann came from Buenos Aires in 1941. Note (Cookridge) in English, transcription of telegram from “Thurmann” regarding “Bedi’s” arrival in Britain and Portugal.
62. Operation Josephine from Sweden. Brief note about a brief diplomatic career?
63. Federico Teofilo Enrique Willy, R 2222. Biographical note and observation: “Could be “Bedi”
64. Theodor John William Schursch, British by birth, Court martialled and executed 4 January, 1946 in Pentonville. Biographical note and service record.
65. Wolkoff (Anna) and Tyler Kent case. Clippings: 1944-1971. Note quoting President Truman, regarding Jos. Kennedy, and newspaper clipping about Kennedy’s activities in Britain; handwritten notes regarding Wolkoff, addresses for her and others, and telephone numbers; Tyler Kent, British code clerk, and his spy activities with Wolkoff. Notes on Parliamentary letterhead regarding Kent’s trial; two letters, 1956 re Anna Wolkoff.
66. Ernst Tiebel Pers. Bogen (“P.B.”) 8563 A/F. Brief note.
67. Middle East: “Tekin Saygin” = (Jew) Lichtenthal. S2118, “Turko”. Brief note
68. Ferdi Schultze “Unkas” RR2616. Brief note.
69. Phillipe de Felibe “Pippo” (Hintermann to S2111) P.B. 8-283F. Brief note
70. Hermann Polenz “Richard Meyer”, F2314, P.B. 8-287F. Brief note.
71. Hermann Pelika, R2216. Brief note.
72. Hans Tschira F2320. Brief note.
73. “Ungennant, F2303, P.B. 8-577F, etc. Brief note.
74. Heinrich Thoelken, R2402, (possibly also for Britain). Brief note.
75. Baron Harold de T’Sarclaes (worked in Belgian embassy in London, 1914-1921). P.B. 8-555F. Brief note
76. Richard Schubert, “Bichon” 2557 (for Rumania) 1936F. Brief note.
77. Eugen Alex Renner, “Eugen” 2040. P.B. 8/336F. Brief note.
78. Major Alois Radeglia R2221. P.B. 8-299F (in Cyprus, Palestine, Levant). Note with some biographical and operational information.
79. Alice Runge, née Nowicki, R1791, “Amiga”. Brief biographical note.
80 (N1). “Hannie Herodsen”: “Count Five and Die” (fictitious). Clipping: British, no date.
81. Andreas Siemens. “Hendrick Peters” A2016; “Rudolf Frontmann” P.B. 8-400F. Notes with activity data and possible aliases.
82. Alfred Leidig, “Gunnar” P.B. 8F13, RR1145 (1940), from Sweden 1944? Note with personal information, code name, biographical data.
83(NSE). Nazi Spies in Europe. Data on espionage telegrams. Clippings: Oct 1937-1946..
84 (NSE). Nazi Spies: Clipping: 1945. Lilian Annie Smith (1944), in Holland, sentenced 5/3/45; her activities.
85(G). Abwehr in Holland: Giskes, May. Notes on “King Kong’s” activities, arrest and sentencing. See also unpublished manuscript in Box 24.
86. Abwehr and Gestapo in France. Notes concerning Gestapo activities.
87(G). Abwehr in Norway. Clipping: 1968. Obituary for Nikolaus van Falkenhorst, commanding general in Norway 1940-1944.
88. Nazi Spies in Commonwealth Countries during the War. Clippings: 1943. Luis Lopez Cordon Cuenca: his activities, trial and sentencing in Gibraltar.
89. Nazi Spies in Switzerland: Baroness Lydia von Stahl. Clippings: 1933, and undated. Cookridge typescript entitled “The East End Girl and the Baroness”.
Section 5: Nazi Spies in Ireland
1. General. Notes on people and activities; some as “from Whitton”.
2. Clipping: 1971. Obituary: John Francis O’Reilly.
3. Clippings: 1943-1946. Includes Goertz and Gunther Schmidt.
4. Spies in Britain, Ireland, etc.: Christian Nissen (Heim Mueck). Biographical note .
Section 6: Nazi Spies in the USA
Clipping not in an envelope, review of book on World War II spies.
1. 1946, and undated. Several trials.
2. Clipping: 1939, and undated. Jenny Hoffmann – Rumrich – Griebl Case (USA). Spy ring; “How Britain saved America”; Cookridge undated prospectus, draft article on “The Pretty Redhead” (Jenny Hoffmann). See also Box 30, File 30.
3. Tear-sheet from Collier’s Magazine: 24 April 943. J. Edgar Hoover and Frederic L. Collins, “Hitler’s Spies are Experts”
4. Nazi Spies in South America before and during World War II. Clippings: 1937–1946. The situation in South America from a North American perspective.
5 Nazi Spies in Africa, WW II: Clippings: 1943, and undated. Morocco, Liberia, South Africa, etc.
6. Nazi-Soviet Cooperation. Clippings: 1948, 1967. Assessment of Nazi documents linking Stalin and Hitler.
Section 7: Nazi Spies in Middle East
1. German Intelligence, Abwehr: Nazi Spies Against Britain: Clippings: 1969. Cicero case & Franz von Papen (Cicero d. December 1970 in Munich); Obits for “Cicero”, and for von Papen in English; obit for von Papen in German.
2. NSME German Intelligence: Nazi Spies in Middle East: Clippings (1943-1947). Egypt, Iraq, Persia, etc.
Section 8: British Traitors and Free Corps
T1. Nazi Spies, British Traitors: Cases of William Joyce, John Amery, etc. Notes (Cookridge); transcription of letter from Ritter to Gen. von Gravenitz concerning Amery (in German); data in English about Amery; Ribbentrop ordered Fritz Hesse to work with Amery; Lord Haw-Haw being reburied in Ayr; Amery’s trial; execution of Wm Joyce, and Navy Stoker Henry Herbert Rose; trial of Elsa Gertrude Brietzmann in London; Theodor Wm Schurch (execution). See also this Box, Section 4, envelope 64.
T2. Nazi Spies against Britain: British Free Corps: also see Amery, British P.O.W.s. Notes (Cookridge) concerning the formation and activities of the British Legion (Free Corps)
T3. Nazi Spies against Britain: British Defectors in Germany: Sgt. Hughes (Free Corps). Notes (Cookridge) regarding Hughes and his activities as a POW.
T4. Loose draft of article by Cookridge: “Nazis going Underground.” Original, on poor paper, supplemented by photocopy. Probably early-mid-1940s because of other articles he wrote on the same kind of paper. See also Box 30, File 30.
5G. Counterfeiting. Clippings:1 946-1964. Counterfeit currency designed to undermine the British and American economies; Cookridge manuscript: “Wave of Forgery Sweeps Europe”. See also Box 30, File 30.
6. Clippings: 1942-1978. German spies, East and West German, as well as Nazi era; Handwritten organizational chart of the Nachrichtendienst and notes on the BND and BfV (Bundesamt für Verfassungschute).
Section 9: German Intelligence after 1945, Gehlen : Mad
1. Miscellaneous: Clippings: 1960-1978. German Intelligence services; 1960 Bulletin in German on the activities of the government; newspaper clippings on German security services.
2. Gehlen: Clippings: 1954-1972. Bundesamt für Verfassungschute (B.f.V.) Dr. Otto John, includes a March 1972 letter by Dr. John to Gunter Gaus, of Der Spiegel.
3. Gehlen: Security Clippings: 1967. Bundesamt für Verfassungschute. German information bulletin Innere Sicherheite (#s 9, 11 1967); newspaper clipping on Communist spy recruitment.
4. Gehlen: Clippings: 1968. Co-op Criminal Department; Bundeskriminalamt. (counter-sabotage, etc.). Two copies of Innere Sicherheite (#5, pp. 6-7, 1968; part of #9, p. 9, 1967).
5. BRD. Clippings: 1974-1978. Phone tapping in W. Germany, in English.
Section 10: German Intelligence BfV (Counter-Espionage)
1. German Federal Bundeswehr Army. Clippings: 1956-1968. Composition of the postwar German Army.
2. German Intelligence Gehlen: B.N.D. and M.A.D. (1968) described by DDR (Dr. Mader) in Mitteilungsblatt der Arbeitsgemeine Che, Offiziere #4, April 1968. Empty envelope.
3. Loose clipping about retirement of Gen. Heinz Burchardt.
Box 47
Section 1: Reinhardt Gehlen
1. Loose Clippings: 1971-1974. Bribery charges; book reviews, etc. tangentially mentioning Gehlen.
2. Several 1968 letters from Ladislas Farago. Originals relocated to Series 3, Box 21, File 17. Photocopies are here. There was a proposed collaboration on a book about Gehlen between Cookridge and Farago, but it never materialized.
3. G1: General Biography. Clippings: 1951-1968. Biographical newspaper articles by others about Gehlen, and perhaps about one of Gehlen’s employees.
4. Gehlen’s book Der Dienst. Clippings: 1971. Reviews in English and German of Gehlen’s Memoirs, and of other books about him..
5. G2: Wartime Biography. Typewritten note about a Splitterbombe. 50 kg naphtha bombs, and other descriptions.
G2a: FHO documents. Notes about incidents during WWII. In English with German extract from Gehlen’s diary, or archival references.
6. G3: Biography of Gehlen: Photostat of 1954 article in German.
7. G7: Own Articles, Daily Telegraph Series: Clippings: 1969. Three-part series on Gehlen, by Cookridge. Xerox copies: originals were deteriorating.
8. Werewolf and Nazi revival (Redoubt): Clippings: 1945-1955. Werewolf activities from 1945-mid-50s; Neo-Nazis, and questions about their existence.
Section 2: Gehlen and Bormann
1. Gehlen and Bormann. Clippings: 1945-1974. In Der Dienst, Gehlen said that Bormann was a Soviet agent during WW II, and died in the early 1960s; controversially, others said he had died in Hitler’s bunker in 1945.
Section 3: Gehlen Bureau and BND
1. Suspension of Juergen Alten. Clippings: 1976. von Alten was a senior member of the Federal Republic’s German Intelligence Service.
2. MAD (German military counter-intelligence service in the Federal Republic). 1971.
3. BND1: Gehlen Bureau: General: Clippings: 1955-1969. The organization and a book review.
4. BND3. Gehlen Bureau: General Wessel and others. Clippings: 1967-1968 The appointment of Gehlen’s successor.
5. BND3 Gehlen: Clippings: 1971.Description by East German MSS, by Dr. J. Mader; documentation of Gehlen’s activities during the war; names of personnel. Personal correspondence to Cookridge from Mader.
6. BND4: Clippings: 1962. Der Spiegel Case ; Publication by Der Spiegel of secret information; the resulting charges against the Editor, publisher and staff
7. BND5: Reorganization Plans (after Gehlen). Clippings: 1968-1970. Changes in the Federal Republic of Germany’s intelligence service.
8. BND6: Clipping: 1970. Dieter Blötz appointed as V-P from 4 May, 1970. (Rieck to be Direktor of Administration) ; his appointment; organizational notes by Cookridge.
9. BND7: Measures against D.D.R.: General. Clippings: 1968. East German transport difficulties; papers to go between east and west, especially Germany.
10. BND7a: Vulkan affair, 1953: Dr. Hans Hartig and others: Handwritten note by Cookridge about Hartig’s suicide.
11. BND9: Clipping: 1966. Gehlen’s talks with KGB re German reunification (1956-57)
12. BND10: Radio Stations in Europe (“Free Europe” Munich, etc.) Handwritten (Cookridge) note with reference to a history of Radio Free Europe by Robt. S. Holt, and newspaper clipping about a former worker being a Polish spy.
13. BND. Berlin Tunnel, 1956. Clippings: 1956-1972. George Blake and the betrayal of the tunnel’s existence.
14. Anti-Communist Balloon Propaganda: Clipping: 1956. Propaganda balloons; handwritten notes (Cookridge) about reconnaissance balloons.
15. BND15. Betrayals against BND, Felfe et al.: Photostat in German, Der Spiegel, 1963.
16. BND15a.Clippings: 1963. Criticism after Felfe case. See also Soviet Spies: Felfe.
17. BND20. Clipping: 1960. Surveillance of Soviet Diplomats:
18. BND Reorganization after 1966 after Adenauer. Faded Photostat recopied.
19. BND20a. Soviet Spies in Germany (Soviet Kommandatura): Clippings: 1961, 1966. Gen. Sacharow; salvage in West Berlin of a crashed Soviet jet.
20. BND22. Schwirkmann case, 1964. Anti-bugging in Moscow. Clippings: 1964, 1972. Mustard-gas attack on Schwirkmann who was an anti-bugging expert taking out Russian microphones in Moscow; the devices.
21. BND25. Warning of invasion of Czechoslovakia, 1968. See also Sverina case: Clippings: 1968. Russian invasion; subsequently, Czech officer giving a list of Soviet agents to the West.
22. BND30. Gehlen’s African Interests: Article: 1964. West German aid expenditures in Africa; handwritten note (Cookridge) showing 1960-66 foreign aid expenditures.
23. Gehlen and Vlassov, Russian “Whites” Clippings: 1943, 1974. Propaganda involving Vlassov; book review on forcible repatriation.
24. Book Order form for Jahre 10 DDR for 1959 (approx).
Section 4: Gehlen Agents
1. Largely issues of Neue Justiz (1956-1967)
1a. A7.DDR Agents: Haase, Filiale 120; (G)Schuster; (G) Waller (Ahrend, Ahrens. (1950). Trial of Haase: Karl-Heinz Schmidt; Siegfried Altkruger; Helmut Schwenk; Walter Schneider; Rolf Osterreich. Formal East German published accounts of espionage trials of all of these.
2. CIA Agents: Count von Spreti (informed on Cuban Missiles). Empty envelope.
3. A1.Gehlen and BND agents in General. Clippings: 1970-1971. Diagram of information loop from spy to Gehlen.
4. A2. Agents Recruited Clipping: 1968.
5. A5: Agents in DDR – General. Empty envelope
6. A8: DDR Agents: Kohler (alias Kollbach) Trial of Fink, Heinz (since 1952), with Horst Sterzik; Dieter Gengelback; Wolfdieter Sternheimer; and Hartmut Stachowitz. Neue Justiz 1962 article about their trials.
7. A10. DDR Agents: Winkler (US); Col. Frank; Major Gerhard (1956); trials of Held (Death); Rudert (Death); Halm (Life); Sachse (12 yrs). Neue Justiz (1956) account of the trials.
8. A13. Agents of US-CIC, MID in DDR (after establishment of BND, 1955-1957). Capt. Walter, Dr. Bender. Brooks. Trials of Werner Chrobock (1957); Walter Weihe (SS); Fritsche; Walter Hauptmann; Jutta Templiner (Reference to “Misera”). Neue Justiz (1957).
9. A14. RIAS (Radio in American Sector), also ref. to jurists: Dr. Bernd, Hansen, Ohlsen. Trial of Hinrich, Junge, Kunisch (active since 1953). Neue Justiz (1957).
10. A15. NATO agents (1957) in DDR: Lehmann; Eich; Schneising; Koch; van Ackeren; Baumgart; Szuminsky (for Poland). Neue Justiz (1955) article about their trials.
11. A17: Agents in DDR: Trials of Keimling; Huth; Behmer; Gebhardt (Giesela); G-control: Gross; Koehler, Friedel; Linden, etc. Note: “W/T in champignon tin”. Neue Justiz (1959) article describing the trials.
12. A19: Agents (1961): Vogt (Giesela Grimm); Dr. Herde; Wegner “Hillebrandt”; Pauels; Bender; Bach. Ostburo S P D . Neue Justiz article, 2 copies, (1961) of their trials.
13. A20: Agents BfV (1962) in DDR: Seidel. (Ref. to “Terrorgruppe Wagner-Breitstoffer”). Neue Justiz (1963) article about the trial.
14. A22. Agents: Schroeder (1963) See also Trial of Richter, Railway Transit since 1948, Steinborn; Pfeiffer; Ahlbory; Schmitz. Empty envelope.
15. A22a. Agents in DDR: Steinborn; V-men: Pfeiffer, Ahlbory. Neue Justiz (1963) article on the trials of these, plus those listed for A22.
16. Neue Justiz (1966) Spying activities in West Germany and West Berlin.
Agents
17. A25. Agents in DDR (1966): (G): Burger; Korner; Greif; Zimmermann; Oberforster. Trial of Franz Pankratz. 1961: Gerhard Franz; Erich Lorbeer. Neue Justiz (1966) article about their trials.
18. A26. Agents in DDR: Latinsky and Hüttenrauch (1967). Neue Justiz (1967) accounts of their trials.
19. A30. Agents in DDR: Clipping: 1951. Osmanov and Sarantzev, parachute. Moldavia, 1951. Handwritten (Cookridge) note with biographical information on both men.
20. 31 Agents: Lakno; Makov; Gorbunov; Remiga (Parachutists). Clippings: 1953, 1957. The trial of these men. Handwritten (Cookridge) note with some background information on the four men.
21. A32. Agents: Ostrikov; Artyushevsky; Kalnitzky; Kostyuk. (1952). Handwritten (Cookridge) note with background information and the results of the trial.
22. A33. Agents: Khmelnitzky (double agent, 1953-1957); Kurymatsev; Yakuta; Novikov. Clipping: 1957 Russian show trial of the four men confessing to spying; handwritten notes providing biographical information them.
23. A34. Agents: Golubev, 1952, trained by Fiedler. Ref. to Iran (“Steve” = Bollenbach). Handwritten note with biographical information.
24. A35. Agents: Filistovich (ex SS man), 1952? Handwritten (Cookridge) note with biographical information.
25. A36. Agents, Estonia (1954): Bromberg; par. With Kukk, Tomla. Ref to Ozolins and training in Fort Bragg. Handwritten (Cookridge) note with activity information.
26. A37. Agents in Estonia (1952): Mumm, Endel; Vimm; Maltis; Hallisk; Ustel; Ports; Saalist; Lille; Heyla; Kalvainen. Handwritten (Cookridge note with operational information.
27. A38. Agent: Guiga, 1958. Handwritten (Cookridge) note with operational information.
28. A39. Agent: Slavonov (arrested in USSR, 1960. Executed). Handwritten (Cookridge) note with operational information.
29. A40. Agents in USSR: Kurochkin, Alexander, (1952); Voloshanovsky; Koshelev. Newspaper clipping about Soviet stories of spies; handwritten (Cookridge) note with operational information.
30. A44. Agents in USSR: Sonntag; Naumann. 1961. Photostat of German newspaper article reporting the trial of the two men.
31. A45. Agents in USSR: Clippings: 1962-1966, 1969. Kischke, Martina – arrested Aug. 1966, and exchanged for Frenzel, Dec. 1966; dubious tactics used by Soviets; Ernst Röhrig, and Heinz Brandt arrested in East Germany and held.
32. A46. Agents in USSR: Volker Schaffhauser (1967) (NST). West German student arrested by Soviets.
33. A47. Agents in USSR: Clippings: 1961. Adolf and Hermina Werner: West German tourists arrested by Soviets and accused of spying.
34. A48. Agents in USSR: Clippings: 1969. Ludwig Lerner (1968), Embassy Secretary, Moscow. The Soviet charges against him.
35. A49. Agents in USSR: Prof. Ignati Ogurzov, in Leningrad, sentenced to 15 years, 1967.
36. A51. Agents in Poland: Clipping: 1955. Idzikowski: brothers and wife: Stephien, A.; Sabina Kozera; J. Kasprzyk; their sentencing for alleged espionage.
37. A54. Agents in Rumania: Clipping: 1951.Wilhelm Spender; Constantine Saplakan. Captured in Rumania.
38. A55. Agents in Czechoslovakia: Clipping: 1969. General period; “Operation Bohemia”, also see Soviet spies, Frenzel (A45)
39. A58. Agents: Clippings: 1968. Anton Marek, Paul Katscher, both Austrian; word received on these two Viennese kidnapped by the Russians in 1947-1948.
40. A61. Agents in France: Clippings: 1968. Picard case. Gehlen’s agents in France; the arrest and trial of Picard.
41. Richard Christmann, in Tunisia in 1960s. Copy of 1967 letter from Christmann to Gerhard Stalling Verlag, in German, complaining about the information about him in Cookridge’s book, Versteckspiel mit dem Tod. Original in Series 3: Correspondence; copy in this envelope.
42. Neue Justiz (1964) article on Herbert Kühn who was arrested as a terrorist.
Section 5: Gehlen and NTS (The Popular Labour Alliance)
1. NTS1. General. Clippings:1951-1969. Activities of this group; Cookridge note about the history of the organization.
2. NTS2. Contact with NTS. Empty envelope.
3. NTS5. Clipping: 1954. Kholklov case: Okolovitch defected to West Germany in 1954, and Kholklov was supposed to assassinate him, but did not.
4. NTS6. Staschynskij (1961) and the assassinations of Bandera and Rebet (1957, 1959). Photostat typescript in German of an article about Staschynskij as a double murderer.
Section 6: Gehlen/ Terror Groups/Ostburo
Section 7: German Intelligence – Defectors
1. D1: “Turning Around” Treatment: General. Empty Envelope
2. D7: Defections from East: Clippings: 1958-1959. Siegfried Dombrowski, Deputy Head of Military Intelligence, DDR) – also mention of Capt. Heim.
3. Defectors: Czechoslovakia: Gen. Seyna. Clippings: 1971. What he revealed about Khrushchev and his brutal policies.
Section 8: RSHA – Gestapo Sicherheitsdienst
1. Miscellaneous Clippings: 1968-1977. Obit: Gen. Lothar Rendulic; Goebbels plans for Fleet Street; Jewish and other victims of the Nazi regime.
2. Nazis: Gestapo: Clippings: 1947-1970. Includes Der Spiegel article #6 on the history of the Gestapo, earlier article; Gestapo activities and personnel, with list of British persons to be removed when Germany conquered Britain; list includes Spiro/Cookridge; article on Ilsa Koch “the Witch of Buchenwald”.
3. Nazis: Gestapo: Himmler, Heydrich, Muller, etc. Clippings: 1961-1968. Himmler and Heydrich.
4. Gestapo: Prosecutions of Jews: Clippings: 1961-1968. Fates of Jews from several European countries.
5. German concentration camps: Clippings: 1964-1977. Dachau and Treblinka.
6. Nazis: Concentration Camps, S.S. and War Criminals: Clippings: 1958-1968. How the Nazi officials behaved when they were arrested themselves; variety of authors, appeals, stories.
7. Israel: Clippings: 1973. Auschwitz Revolt: Series of Articles in Jewish Observer and Middle East Review; resistance in Auschwitz; extracts 1, 2, 4 and 5 from Reuben Ainsztein’s book.
8. Nazis: Clippings: 1960-1968. Auschwitz trials in Germany: trials of individuals involved in running Auschwitz.
9. Nazis: Clippings: 1973. Gestapo KZ: Treblinka: Martin Gray’s book about Treblinka.
10. Nazis: Clippings: 1961-1969. Eichmann trial: US Information Service bulletin: trial of Eichmann himself and two of his aides, Hermann Kruney, and Otto Hunsche.
11. Nazi War Crime Trials in Germany. Clippings: 1964-1965. Zech-Nenntwich Case: his trial after escaping jail.
12. Treasures Hidden or Looted during the War (France): Clippings: 1943. The Earl of Suffolk rescued jewels, rare chemicals, and technical secrets from the Nazis, and got them safely to Britain; other articles about gold and pearls hidden from the Nazis and recovered after the war. See also Box 65, File 15.
13. Treasures Hidden or Looted during the War (Poland): Clippings: 1946. The theft of Polish treasure brought to Canada during the war.
14. Treasures Hidden or Looted during the War (Far East): Clippings: 1946. The burial of regimental silver of the King’s Own Yorkshire Light Infantry; trial of Capt Morton on a charge of improper possession of looted material.
15. Treasures Hidden or Looted during the War (Nazi loot): Clippings: 1944-1977. A broad spectrum of people hiding the treasures; the nature of the materials; discoveries of hidden loot; still-missing treasures, etc.
16. BND: Steiner Bribery Case (Steiner as Double Agent). Clippings: 1973: Activities of Steiner in Bonn in political scandal; he claimed to be working for the DDR with the knowledge of the Bonn government.
17. Nazis: Pre-war Purges – Reichstag’s fire, etc. Clippings:1960, 1961. Who really started the fire in 1933? Suggestion that Goering or some other Nazi official ordered it. Letter to the Editor of the Daily Telegraph (1961) by Kahan.
18. East Germany (GDR) – US Embassy. Clippings: 1974. First exchange of diplomats; refusal of US ambassador to accept the embassy as home because there were no closets.
Box 48
Nazis – Hitler – War Crimes – Germany
Hitler – War Crimes
Section 1: Loose Clippings
1. British Survey bulletins, July 7, 21, 1939; the Astors: Nancy, new biography (1972, 1974).
2. Miscellaneous: Clippings: 1969-1978. The Hindenburg fire; the Reichstag fire of 1933; Hitler and what might have happened – book reviews; anti-Nazi material; article on French prisoner-of-war camps.
Section 2: Nazi Leaders
1. Hitler: Clippings: 1945-1978. Information on Hitler’s death; whether or not he really was dead; personal information; strategy with crowds; book reviews about Hitler.
1a. Hitler’s Death. Clippings: 1968. Sunday Times Weekly series of articles on “The End of Hitler” based upon material in Russian archives.
2. Hitler’s early days: Clippings: 1969-1978. Techniques, activities, tax breaks, etc.
3. Hitler: Plots Against – Clippings: 1966-1970. Book reviews on July 1944 attempt by staff officers to assassinate Hitler; two articles on a 1939 bomb attempt.
4. Typescript “Minutes of 1937 Reichskanzlerei meeting”. In English; original German article signed by Hossbach, a colonel in the General Staff, who took the notes of the meeting.
5. “Hitler, by Speer”: Clippings: 1969. Two Sunday Telegraph articles by Speer about Hitler; clipping about a planned 1944 bomber raid on New York City by a new plane, the Junkers 390.
6. Hitler; Recent Biographies: Clippings: 1969-1978. Book reviews of Fest’s biography of Hitler; review of biography by Grunfeld; other book reviews largely about Hitler.
7. Hjalmer Schacht, the Reichsbank President: Clipping: 1946. Article by official psychologist at Nuremberg jail; Hitler’s finances, etc.
8. Hitler; Clippings: 1972. Article on the V3 project (1972).
9. Rudolph Hess: Clippings: 1960-1978.
10. Hess Visit (1941). Clippings: 1971, 1972.
11. Rudolph Hess. Clippings: 1969-1978.Account by prison director US Col. Eugene Bird; British efforts to have Hess freed from Spandau
12. Martin Bormann: Clippings: 1962-1967.General Biographies and photo; his daughter’s article is in Italian.
13. Search for Bormann. Clippings: 1945-1977. General postwar information in four languages about Bormann and his family.
14. Dr. Joseph Goebbels. Clippings (1965-1978).
15. Hermann Goering. Clippings: 1969-1974. His suicide.
16. Albert Speer. Clippings: 1969-1976.
17. Speer’s Spandau Diary. Clippings: 1976. Series based on his book; letter to the editor.
18. Miscellaneous: Clippings: 1967-1978. Obits: von Schirach; Otto Strasser; articles on Adm Doenitz. Book review on Nazi Philosophy; Ribbentrop house in Britain; book reviews on the Eastern Front, Luftwaffe, V1 and V2 rockets; failure of atomic research; Ernst Roehm.
19. Nazi Generals (OKW, OKH, OKM, Luftwaffe). Clippings: 1969-1978. Book reviews on Nazi tanks, the fall of Fortress Europe, Hitler and his generals; articles on Rommel, Lammerding, Molinari, Hausser, Halder, Milch, Schoerner, Manstein, Galland. See also: Box 65, File 14 for short biographies of leaders of the Luftwaffe, 1942-1943.
Section 3: War Criminals and Trials
1. Miscellaneous: Clippings: 1962-1978. Book reviews: deaths in concentration camps; Danish protection of its Jewish citizens during the war; incidents and people concerned in war crimes; the Adlon Hotel and its problems with Nazis and others
1a. Typescript by Cookridge: British Intelligence and its activities in identifying Nazi criminals.
2. Nazi War Criminals: Clippings: 1964-1978. Simon Wiesenthal and the Vienna Documentation Centre; his concerns about finding Nazi criminals.
3. Nazis: War Crimes Trials. Clippings: 1960-1968. Former Nazis: their arrests and sentencing for war crimes.
4. Germany: War Criminals’ List at end of War (1945): Clipping: 1946. List of Nuremberg defendants, the criminal counts against them, and the results; more extensive list of known Nazis, and their whereabouts as of the creation of the (undated) list. Cookridge’s own list?
5. Nazi War Criminals: Nazi Leaders sentenced at Nuremberg. Clippings: 1945-1946. Copy of “Agreement on the Prosecution and Punishment of the Major War Criminals of the European Axis”; personalia tried at Nuremberg with many pictures; prospectus by Cookridge on “Where Are They Now?” regarding Nazi War Criminals.
6. Nazis: Dr. Josef Mengele (Auschwitz Doctor): Clippings: 1961-1964. His arrest.
7. Nazi War Criminals: Clippings: 1976-1978. Pieter Mejten, Dutch Millionaire (ex-SS officer in Poland). Fled to Switzerland, extradited (1976); accused of complicity in the murder of Polish Jews while there as an SS interpreter.
8. Nazis: Otto Skorzeny: Clippings: 1963-1975. His writing, activities and death.
9. Nazi concentration camps: British Prisoners’ Compensation. Clippings: 1967-1968. Peter Churchill, Capt. Payne Best et al. British Foreign Office refusal to pay compensation for 13 prisoners not actually held inside prison camp; pressure from media and MPs to reconsider; action of Ombudsman.
10. Germany: Nazi-Victims’ Compensation. Initial arrangements for compensating victims in Austria , Germany, and the Jewish state.
11. Miscellaneous: Clippings: 1968-1974. The future dreams of the partitioned German state; its beauty; Egon Bahr; radical right-wing; Robert Dräcker; Ribbentrop’s sister; biographical article on Kurt Gerstein, SS Obersturmführer; interview with Ernst Benda, Bundesminister; Security leak in Bonn.
12. German Officers Corps: Clippings: 1945, 1965. Book reviews: “The Crime of the German General Staff”
Section 4: German Reich before 1918
1. Clippings: ca.1922-1978. Kopenick’s death hoax; Kaiser Wilhelm after WWI; political murder in wartime Germany; book review: Germany between the Wars; obituary of Heinrich Bruning; hyperinflation in Germany.
2. Clippings: 1954-1974. “Munich Goes Communist”; Germany and the 1848 Revolution; “Escape”; militarism in Germany.
Section 5: Loose Clippings
1. Miscellaneous: Clippings: 1945-1978. Postwar Berlin, with obit of Ernst Lemmer; articles on Baader-Meinhof and other terrorists; article: “Germans and the Revolution”; Germany and Britain (post-War); book review: biography of Carl Goerdeler; obits of Willy Messerschmidt; articles: Wernher von Braun, Prince Fitzmauritz of Hessen, Gunther Plüschow, Franz von Werra, Dietmar Buchholz, Axel Springer; article about Amnesty International (1971); issue of Politik and Zeitgeschichte (1954) on the problem of militarism in Germany; personalia; handwritten notes on postwar interrogation centres, spy activities in the 1960s and 1970s. Federal German Government (BND): collection of reports on various government policies.
1a. Germany: Foreign Policy Clippings, 1961-1976. West Germany’s Eastern policies, e.g. Russia.
2. Germany: East Germany; Clippings: 1961-1966. Germany: (English?) dislike of Germans; how Germans live; Hamburg’s entertainments; war dead.
3. Brandt’s Ostpolitik: looked for help in relaxing tensions with Russia and East Germany, trade with Hungary, and external views of the Social Democratic Party;
4. Dr. Konrad Adenauer: Clippings: 1972-1976. Diplomatic efforts with the East Bloc; centenary of his birth.
5. President Luebke: Clippings: 1967-1968. His alleged former Nazi associations.
6. Nazis: a German Apologia: Clippings 1964–1969: Oskar Schindler and his activities; book review of “Auschwitz in England”; East German propaganda; claim that ordinary Germans knew about the death camps; Eichmann trial; Adenauer’s request that the world not blame all Germans for what the Nazis did before and during WWII.
7. Ehrhardt and Kiesinger – empty envelopes.
8. Nazi Gold in Africa: Clippings: 1976. Peter Baldau swindle, and arrests in London: Rommel’s supposed treasure in Africa; the smashing of an international swindle based on the sale of non-existent Nazi gold in Africa.
9. Foreign Policy toward Israel – empty envelope.
10. German Foreign Policy in Africa, and BRD, NATO involvement – empty envelope.
11. NATO Involvement – empty envelope.
Section 6: Neo-Nazis
1. Loose Clippings: 1946-1977. Plan for fusion between British and American zones, and the right-wing movement; plan to divide Germany into 12 federated states; trade brochure on Federal Republic of Germany; Mel Brooks’s movie “The Producers” (1977) recouping German history; indictment of Valerian Trifa, the Rumanian Orthodox Bishop in North America over his fascist activities in Rumania; book review: establishment of central Organization and Planning for liberated countries after the War; court cases; dissolution of the Freicorps Deutchlands; Wolf-Dieter Eckart. See also Box 47, Envelopes G2–8; Box 42A, File 2; Box 32, File 5.
2. Anti-Nazi movements, e.g. the Avengers, et al. Clippings: 1960-1967. Lists of war criminals and their pursuit mostly by Israel; Nazis and their hunters; Germany’s reparations payments to Israel; European Conference of Anti-Semitism.
3. Clippings: 1968.New Communist Party in Germany; ceremonies to honour Karl Marx on his 150th birthday.
4. Helmut Schmidt as Bundeskanzler, after Brandt’s resignation: Clippings: May, 1974. His accession to power and the historical background.
Section 7: Germany-Allied Occupation after 1945
1. British Zone, map of West Germany defining initial occupation zones.
2. Germany: British Military Government: Clippings: 1945-1946. Amenities in postwar Germany for occupying troops.
3. Economics: Clippings: 1946-1947. Continuing threat of Germany’s industrial potential; Marshall Plan’s early stages.
4. Scientists: Clippings: 1946-1947. Postwar German research.
5. US Zone – Bavaria. Clippings: 1946. Governance chart; articles on the US constabulary force there, Tass article on shortcomings of US occupation activities.
6. Re-education and DeNazification: Clippings: 1945-1946. Nazi breeding programs; pondering to what level guilt for the war should be assigned; typescript (Cookridge) on what to do with the SS leaders; removal of Nazis from work posts in Germany; amnesty for non-criminal Nazi youth; programs for children.
7. US Occupation: Clippings: 1944-1946, 1973. Partitioning of Germany; American plan; Kiesing’s Contemporary Archives on activities mopping up in Germany; repatriation of American war dead; closure of the banks by the Russians in Berlin; postwar progress in negotiations over partition; lack of action on starting cultural activities; military justice; garrison towns; student essays; new President of Bavaria, Hans Ehard; press release on future plans for the Occupation; Alfred Loritz’s Party of Economic Reconstruction; response to proposal for removing US troops from Europe.
8. French military government: Clippings: 1945-1946. Fate of the Saar; French involvement in same; blunder of ignoring France at the partition table.
9. Allied Occupation after 1945: Clippings: 1945. Re-education of Germans in the British Zone; elections; British policies in Germany; complaint about diversion of resources to Germany from Britain; German opinions (1945); Russian deportation of German workers; problems of partitioning between East and West.
10. Soviet Military Government: Clippings: 1944-1947. Eastern Front; deaths of 7 million German soldiers and behaviour of Russian invaders; Russian handling of war prisoners; “Adventure with the Russians”; the Russian zone in Germany by S. L. Solon; The Soviet zone and the French zone in Berlin; Russian attitudes about German industrialization; Germany’s industrial potential to support large aggression; trade fair in Leipzig; Berlin in 1946; Russian breakup of huge Prussian estates into small farms; handling of German POWs in Russia.
11. Arrest of Doenitz Government at Flensburg: envelope has a typescript/press release on Hasselmeyer’s report of Gestapo men on Berlin police force.
12. Officers and SS Leaders in British POW camps: Clippings: 1945-1946. “Germans behind Barbed Wire”; German High Command POWs in Britain before the Nuremberg trials; policing of one German island; Reckinghausen internment camp.
13. British Military Government: Clippings: 1945 1966. Policies prohibiting marriage between British soldiers and ex-Nazi girlfriends; necessary treatment of former Nazis; the demise of collaborators with the Allied Occupation forces; life of the British soldier in Berlin; the British Control Commission; families moving to Germany; smuggling a girlfriend into Britain; German demonstrations against British requisitioning of housing; British Army in Germany; cost of maintaining an army of occupation; cost of maintaining them and their families as NATO commitments decline; small reparation.
14. Clippings: 1944-1970. Nazi plotters; Hitler-religion; trials; pensions for former Nazi officials; picture of Himmler; splitting Germany after end of war; scientific discoveries picked up in Germany; postwar German elections.
15. Economics: Clippings: 1946. Conditions, students in Germany; federal rule; left-wing tendencies in German politics, and voting issues; economic issues; students in Germany; future of industrialization; Board of Trade Survey of German Industry: indication of bibliography; the Ruhr; general insecurity.
16. Germany’s future. Clippings: 1946-1970. West German Military in NATO; ad for Rev. Martin Niemoller in London; typescript: “Germany Disgorges her Secrets of Science” by Cookridge. (See also Box 30, File 30).
17. German Prisoners: Clippings: 1946. How German POWs held in Britain, the USA, and Canada are being transported back to Britain, re-educated, and/or used to assist agriculture.
Box 49
East Germany: Deutsche Democratik Republik (DDR)
Section 1: Berlin
1. Clippings: 1946-1978. Economy; Documents on Occupation; the Wall, including map of the wall; end of blockade; conspirators, spooks; raid on Goebbels’ vice club; shooting; death of persons trying to escape East Germany.
2. Radio Free Europe Research Papers (1971). West Berlin socialist party; the upcoming election.
3. General. Clippings: 1969-1977. Politics; economics; map showing the Occupation Zones.
4. Clippings: 1970-1977. Power agreement and problems with it.
5. Wall general: Clippings: 1961-1977. Politics and zone conflicts in Berlin.
6. Wall tunnels: Clippings: 1962, 1963. Escape tunnels from East to West.
7. Berlin Escapes: Clippings: 1961-1978. Variety of escapes through many areas from East to West, with variable success.
8. Berlin Escapes. Clipping: 1974. Susan Ballantyne’s attempt to smuggle a male friend to the West; her trial, appeals, sentencing, freeing.
Section 2: DDR – East Germany
1. Border. Clippings: 1970-1977. Hazards of attempting to cross.
2. Clippings: 1971. Radio Free Europe Research Papers: changes in Communist perspectives in the DDR
3. Prisoners. Clippings: 1956-1977. Amnesty International (AI), and others; prisoners and illegal arrests in East Germany; AI report on East Germany; Radio Free Europe report on political prisoners in East Germany after 1970.
4. Politics: Clippings: 1970-1977.
5. East-West German Frictions, especially over Berlin. Clippings: 1974-1976.
6. General: Clippings: 1970-1978.
7. Spies: Clippings: 1975, and undated. Spy trials in Switzerland for Wolf, Kaelin (1975).
8. Walter Ulbricht. Clippings:1962-1973. Obits; typescript article.
9. Erich Honecker. Clippings: 1971-1978. Radio Free Europe (RFE) Research papers, 1971; alleged arrest of newspaper staff for adding a derogatory remark to an account of a speech.
10. Berlin Uprising, 1953: Clippings: 1951, 1953.
11. Government. Clippings: 1963-1965. RFE material on composition of the Politburo, Secretariat, and Councils of the Communist Party and East German government.
12. Government: RFE paper (1966) with lists of Politburo, Secretariat, Councils.
13. Government 1967; Typescript article (likely RFE) entitled “Puppet Parties” on elections in East Germany where candidates from other parties subservient to the regime, are available on the ballot.
14. Rehabilitation of Purge Victims (1964). Typescript (RFE): Robert Hans Guenther Havemann’s case.
15. Soviet Spies in Germany. Clippings: 1961-1971. Spy City Berlin.
16. Police, Army, etc. clippings: 1947-1956, and undated. Germans in Russian army; German Peoples Army (DDR); DDR Army and Navy.
Section 3: DDR – East German Espionage Organization
1. Major General Marcus Wolf. Clipping 1969
2. DDR Intelligence Organization: Mielke (1968). Clippings: 1946-1970. Voting interference by NKVD, etc.; East German nefarious activities, in general.
3. DDR East German Intelligence: Clippings, 1964, 1928-1936, and undated. Wollweber in Cairo; Cookridge’s handwritten note on a list of ships Wollweber was apparently involved in sabotaging.
4. Traps for Western Visitors: Innere Sicherheit, Köln, 1967-1968.
5. Radio International, East Berlin: Typescript: 1969. Propaganda broadcasts in Czech.
6. Terrorist Kühn Case. Clipping: 1964.
7. Gerhard Eisler. Clipping: 1955. Head of propaganda for East Germany, and a fugitive from the USA.
8. “Reasons for the Berlin Wall”. Alleged Aggression by the Bundesrepublic against East Germany: Neue Justiz (1964).
9. East German Intelligence: New Criminal Law (1968), including against spies, etc.
Box 50
France
Section 1: General
1. Clippings: 1976. Relations between government and the press.
2. Clippings: 1972-1978. Politics: Giscard d’Estaing; vigilantes, communists, etc.
3. Clippings: 1972-1978, and undated. Articles, clippings, book list, and book reviews on historical topics; article on Louis XVI; dinner at Maxim’s (1978); student revolt of 1968; book reviews of R. Cobb, Paris and its Provinces, 1792-1802; J. Lacouture, André Malraux; E. Holt, The Tiger: Georges Clemenceau, 1841-1929; A. Morder, Operation Menace; D. Seward, The Bourbon Kings of France; Paris Match article on the 1940 battle at Seden.
4. Clippings: 1975-1978. Military. Variety of topics ranging from the potential disbanding of the Foreign Legion to unionization of the Army.
5. Clippings: 1972-1977. Personalia: Malraux, Albert Naud, obit Braunschweig, Giscard d’Estaing, etc.
5. Crime. Clippings: 1975-1978. Bribery in arms sales; Scandal at Dassault; shooting in Paris; proposed assassination of Prince de Broglie (which actually occurred in 1977); neo-Fascists; bank robbery at Nice; M. Chambon on kidnapping.
6. Secret Service: Clippings: 1976, 1978. French cash funding Canadian separatist newspaper; internal problems in Secret Service; death of François Doublet.
Section 2: French Secret Service and Intelligence
1. Clippings: 1973, 1974. Bugging of the Canard Enchainé and other bugging and telephone tapping.
2. Sureté: Newspaper clipping (1962). De Gaulle’s bodyguards.
3. SDECE (Service de Documentation et Contre-Espionage). 1963., Les Barbouzes.
4. de Gaulle: Assassination Attempts. Clippings: 1962 -1967. OAS’s (Secret Army Organization) efforts to murder de Gaulle.
5. Other Assassinations and Attempts. Clippings 1962-1974. Sartre, Pompidou, Paul Stehlin; Giscard d’Estaing.
6a. Philippe Thiraud de Vosjoli: Exposures: Clipping:1968. Soviet Spy close to de Gaulle, sometimes called the French Philby.
6.b. Clipping: April 1968: the scandal Vosjoli caused.
7. OAS (French Secret Army Organization). Clippings: 1962-1973. Bidault, Soustelle; aims, organization and actions of the OAS and their personnel.
8. Ben Barka, “Figon”. Clippings: 1962-1967. Kidnapping of Ben Barka, a Moroccan leftist leader; finding a skeleton which might be his; probable assassination.
9. Newspaper clippings: 1956-1974. Reports of difficulties in the SDECE, including drug smuggling into the USA by some agents; several notes by Cookridge.
10. Red Hand (OAS Precursor). Clippings: 1960-1961. Their assassinations (car bombs, etc).
11. Algiers Putsch (1961), Salan, etc.: Clippings: 1960-1972. Purge of officials in Algiers; arrest, imprisonment and release of Gen. Salan, the former head of the secret army organization in Algeria; army rebellion against some policies of the French govt.
12. Presidential Elections in France. Clippings: April-July, 1974. Election of a successor to Pompidou; the race between Giscard d’Estaing and Mitterrand.
13. Bishop Danielou’s Death, June, 1974. The circumstances, and the aftermath.
14. Politics, General. Clippings: 1972-1976. Left-Right conflicts; comparisons with Chile; leadership challenges; economics, property ownership.
14b. Politics, General. Clippings 1971-1976. Pompidou’s illness and death; his successors; other information during Giscard’s term of office; new PM Pierre Messmer.
15. Historical. Clippings: 1968-1976. Repairs to the ravages of WW II; France and the Nazis; the Occupation; book reviews: French political figures; the Paris Revolt of 1871; a new French-English Dictionary.
16. Personalia: Obituaries: Geraud “Pertinax”, Jacques DuClos, Georges Revers, Georges Pompidou, Ailleret, Yves Goddard, Guy Mollet; articles about Serge Alexandre Stavisky (French Con Man); Henri Ribiére, Simone Weil, Jean-Baptiste Doumeng, Jacques Chaban-Delmas, Gen. Marcel Bigeard.
17. Clippings: 1968-1969. Tshombe’s captivity and death.
18. “France”. Booklet: The British Survey April-May, 1950. #s 68, 69: 48 pp.
19. Student unrest, Clippings: 1976. Strikes by French students.
20. Military, arms sales, nuclear tests. Clippings: 1968-1977. Behaviour of military groups; accusation of torture; nuclear explosions; French Communist support for nuclear weapons.
21. The press. Clippings: 1970-1976. Business changes in the French Press; death of Bernard Cabanes in a bomb attack.
22. Crime: kidnapping and murder of judge; Markovic scandal; drug dealings; explosions.
23. Spies. Clippings: 1965-1976. Variety of accused.
24. SDECE. Clippings: 1971.Resignation of Col. Marenches over the heroin scandal involving Delouette and Fournier.
25. Mons Case (1950). Clippings: 1954-1956. US embassy obtained French military secrets in France: four accused.
26. Dreyfus Case. Clippings: 1923-1975. Contemporary articles about Dreyfus’s death; about Esterhazy who provided perjured evidence at Drefus’s trial; book reviews about the Dreyfus affair.
27. Middle East. Cairo Trials. Clippings; 1961-1962. Arrest of French diplomats as spies plotting to assassinate Nasser.
28. History of Spies: France: Fouché’s ideas were compared to those of the Nazis.
29. Great War, 1914-1918. Cookridge typescript numbered I; “the Woman who won the War”: Desirée Maligny; book reviews on “Dare Call it Treason”; French army during WW I when several divisions went on strike in the face of the enemy in 1917.
30. Chiefs. Clippings: 1960-1975. Jacquin; Jacquier; de Marenches; Bertrand.
31. Clippings: 1975. Gen. Paul Stehlin, on Northrup’s payroll injured in bus accident; his later death from his injuries.
32. Clippings: 1975-1976.
33. Relations with former colonies, Third World, and European Parliament. Clippings: 1975.
34. Algeria. Clippings: 1972. The Algerian War.
Section 3: German Spies in France before 1939
1. Erich Anspach (1922 article); woman spies (undated) between the two wars.
Section 4: France: Government, Political Leaders, Foreign Relations.
1. President Pompidou. Clippings: 1963-1974. Pompidou and his government; obits.
2. Valery Giscard d’Estaing. Clippings: 1974, 1978. Includes 1976 State visit to UK.
3. “France: The Death of the Fourth Republic and the Birth of the Fifth”, The British Survey, March 1959. #120: 24 pp.
4. Pierre Mendez-France. Newspaper clippings: 1954, 1962, and undated. His policies.
5. Charles de Gaulle. Clippings: postwar to 1968. Biographical articles; his ability to win elections.
6. Foreign Legion. Clippings: 1956-1963, 1974, and undated. Life in, and persons joining the Foreign Legion; battling in Algeria; book review: Wellard, J.: The Foreign Legion.
7. Atom Bomb test (July, 1973). Clippings: 1973. Test in the Pacific.
Section 5: War 1939-1945: Nazi Occupation and Resistance.
1. Defeat by Nazis, Clippings: 1966-1976. Occupation; postwar personalities: Pétain, Laval, Col Remy, Gen König; events.
2. S.O.E. Interallié. See also The Cat (Box 6, F20, #23) Holograph maps of Resistance areas and associated personnel; notes.
3. Micheline Carré, “The Cat”: Clippings: 1950s.
4. S.O.E. French Section. French Traitors: Note, not by Cookridge, on Masuy and an address.
5. Nazi Spies in France. Clippings: 1934-1938. Trials: Lydia Oswald, Georges Frogé, Stavisky (See also Section 2 above, File 16), Cridlig, Marc Aubert, on charges of being Nazi spies.
6. French Secret Service: Assistance to Biafra. Clippings: 1968. Secret documents found in a crashed car.
7. French Secret Service: War 1939-1945. Clippings: 1946, 1959. Passy, Remy, Wybot etc.; Gilbert Renault (“Remy”)
8. Spies: Clippings: 1958, 1963. Josephine Baker: Also handwritten notes, and a draft letter to her in French, by Cookridge.
Section 6: Algiers Revolt and O.A.S.
1. Gorillas. de Gaulle’s bodyguards: Clippings: 1962-1969. OAS activities in general; kidnapping of Antoine Argoud, head of the OAS; handwritten note by Cookridge.
Section 7: Communists, Student Rebels
1. Communists. Clippings: 1947-1978. Communist/Leftist activities in France: unions, etc; RFE Research Papers concerning Communist activities in France; foreign relations with Communist countries.
2. Corsican Rebellion. Clippings: 1975. After Algeria, some Corsicans wanted the same deal Algeria got from France. Communist-led?
Box 51
United Nations (UN) and NATO
Section 1: NATO
Note: Envelopes 1 and 2 have been moved to Section 4 as numbers 3 and 4.
3a. NATO and Warsaw Pact: European Security Conference, Vienna, 1973. Clippings: 1973-1974. Concern over troop cuts, nuclear issues.
3b. Helsinki Conference on “European Security”. Clipping: 1973. Both East and West concerns over arranging a summit conference; testing the diplomatic waters, etc.
4. East-West European Security Conference in Geneva (1974). General aims. Clippings: 1974. Reduction of troops; nuclear problems; Cyprus, Turkey.
5. European Security Conference, Helsinki: Signing Ceremony, August 1975. Clippings: June-August 1975. Defined as the “Magna Carta of European Peace”: cooperation amongst 35 nations for peace, equal security for all, and cooperation to mutual benefit; signatories included all European countries, plus the US and Canada, but minus Albania.
6. Helsinki Conference. Clippings: 1975. Aftermath, comments on détente, etc.; Conference in Belgrade.
7. Military Weapons. Clippings: 1975-1977. Used by NATO; policies of practical operation; attempts at standardization; base in Iceland.
8. Clippings: 1973-1977. Politics in General; matters being introduced by the USA; the growing arms race with Russia.
9. Summit with President Gerald Ford, in Brussels, 1975.
10. NATO and the Soviet Union. Clippings: 1975-1977. Political upheavals; complaints; contradictions, etc.
11. NATO Weapons versus Soviet Weapons. Clippings: 1974-1978.
12. EEC and NATO. Clippings: 1972-1977. Market forces; differences in police forces in the Community, etc.
13. NATO and non-aligned nations: Clippings: 1975-1976. Includes Turkey, Sri Lanka; breakup of SEATO.
14. Anti-nuclear movement: WISE and MFS: World Information Service on Energy (Amsterdam); Institute for Policy Studies (Washington); Transnational Institute (Amsterdam); Mobilization for Survival (Philadelphia); World Peace Council (Moscow) contacts. Clipping: 1978.
Section 2: NATO Intelligence
1. NATO secrets stolen from high jacked plane. Single incident (1970); original report written by Cookridge.
2. Soviet Spies against. Clippings: 1967-1971. General; proposed multinational security set-up in Brussels; aerial surveillance; note by Cookridge on the identification of two Soviet agents working for NATO.
3. General and Intelligence: Clippings: 1969-1972, 1977-1978. NATO military strength in comparison to Warsaw Pact resources.
4. Lessons of Arab-Israeli War (1973). Clippings: 1973-1974. SAM missiles; other new technologies; complaints by NATO, that Israel gave information on the missiles only to the USA. See also: Box 66, Section 2, Envelope 14.
5. US. Clippings: 1972-1973. Crisis in Middle East; resulting American-German quarrel; US fears that Russia would send troops into Egypt, so unilaterally it put its troops stationed in Germany on alert; called overplayed.
6. US disagreement over Arab-Israeli War (1973). Clippings: 1973. US accused of withholding information; threatens idea of détente.
7. NATO / Warsaw Pact: Comparative strengths (1973). Clippings: 1973-1975. Weaponry; 25th anniversary of NATO; negative comments about arms race.
8. Member Nations and Political Issues. Clippings: 1974-1975, 1977. The British Survey April, 1959, #176; variety of topics including worries about Cyprus; a safe trade route around the Cape of Good Hope; Friends of Cyprus issue 16 (July-Oct. 1977), 12 pp. after death of Makarios..
9. Equipment, Exercises, Military Strategy. Clippings: 1973-1975. Loss of life and property through exercises; finances; an original invitation to Cookridge to the press conference, plus the press release, of Exercise “Northern Merger”.
10. Clippings: 1971-1975. Position papers; diplomacy; philosophical perspectives; personalia; Security Conferences; Summits; Ottawa Conference; proposed agenda for 17th annual assembly; BAC news release on reappointment of Harry Lacy as Chair of the NATO Industrial Advisory Group.
11. USSR/Russian Activities, Expectations. Clippings: 1970-1979. Flaws in NATO alliance; Russian tactics over Cyprus; worries of NATO member states over distribution of Russian naval vessels; involvement in Iran and Iraq.
12. Role in Cyprus conflict. Clippings: 1974. Captions reflect turbulence of the struggle; Greece’s withdrawal from NATO; NATO’s concern was the Cypriot air bases for NATO operations.
13. Difficulties: General. Clippings: 1974-1976. NATO concerns over defense-budget cuts by member nations; comparative strengths of NATO vs. Warsaw Pact; treatment of Alexander Haig; “NATO’s Doctrine of Dither”.
Section 3: Arms Reduction
1. Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT) talks. Clippings: 1971-1974. Soviet abuses of SALT; the numbers game; risks of germ warfare; talks in London, Geneva, Moscow; visits by Nixon, Ford; nuclear arms.
2. SALT talks. Clippings: 1975-1977. Held in Geneva; resulting impasses; secret talks in London; cruise missiles; deception by Kissinger and Ford; charges that Russia did not follow the rules; reluctance of Russia to cooperate; neutron bomb; Carter and Gromyko, and weapons.
3. International Arms Sales, 1974-1978, and undated. General philosophical perspectives; Russia, France, and Britain as sellers of arms.
4. Central Treaty Organization (CENTO): meeting of US, Britain, Turkey, Iran, and Pakistan on the island of Diego Garcia, off India; discussion of an existing American air base on the island; election of a new Secretary-General for the organization; confusion over agenda.
5. Non-Aligned Nations Conference, Colombo, 1976. Clippings: August, 1976. Summit meeting of 84 Foreign Ministers, and Russian attempts to dominate the talks.
6. Nuclear Arms Threats: Magazine articles: 1976.
Section 4: United Nations
1. Charter of the United Nations, pamphlet, n.d. 48 pp. published in London. The British Survey Vol 8: no.14, Sept, 1947. 16 pp; a brief guide to its committees; countries and the UN committees to which they belong. United Nations Information Organization Information Papers: #6: International Trusteeship, #11. The General Assembly of the United Nations, and the Assembly of the League of Nations, #12: Human Rights
2. United Nations. Clippings: 1945-1976 London Organization magazine article; personalia; peacekeeping, etc.
3. The British Survey, 21 August 1945. Vol. 8: no. 16, 6 pp. Contains UN Charter and background to its formation
4. General. Clippings: 1974-1976. Book review: League of Nations, the future of UN, and problems within it; re-election of Kurt Waldheim as UN Chief.
Section 5: Communist Satellite States
1. European Communism: General. Clippings: 1969-1976. Typescript: “Problems on Stage” a conference in Moscow on world communism; typescript: “Communism’s Catholic Front”; “European Revolution” in Red Weekly; plans for a 1971 European Communist conference; role of Russia in other states; variety of win/lose situations for satellite states.
Section 6: Albania
1. History and General. Clippings: 1944-1976. “Tirana’s Liberation”; “Albania – Cinderella of the Balkans”; typescript, “Albania on the Alert”; strategic role of Albania; murder of priests; development of a new constitution; gender equality.
2. Conflict with Great Britain. Clippings: 1946, 1973. Shelling and mining, e.g., of British warships; severed diplomatic relationships.
3. Government 1964, 1965: Documents: 1963-1965. Soviet and satellite party-government line-up, to June 1963; all Politburo members, Secretariat, nominal head of state; Chairman of People’s Assembly, and Government Ministers; 1964, 1965 updates; “Albania: the Dual-Personality Cult” on the deification of Hoxha and Shehu.
4. Government 1966, 1970: 1966, 1970 RFE Research Papers updates the lists.
5. Purges. Clippings: 1964-1977. Re-Stalinization of Albania to keep it in line with Chinese Communism and away from revisionist ideas in Russia; short typescript lists names; Albania’s attempts to keep Stalinist ideas unchanged.
6. China. Clippings: 1972-1978. Gradual disintegration of Albania’s close relationship to China; the effect of the death of Mao; Chinese foreign aid to Albania.
Section 7: Bulgaria
1. General. Clippings: 1974-1976. Changes in ministerial council (Keesing’s Contemporary History, 1974); low costs for tourists; gradual reopening to the West; disgrace of Boris Velchev.
2. Government. Clippings: 1961-1965. Zhivkov; list of government members, 1963, 1964, 1965; the expulsion of deputy premier Chervenkov.
3. Government 1966, 1970. Lists of government members, as above.
4. Government 1971. Documents: 1971. Proceedings of the Bulgarian Communist Party’s Congress; alphabetical list of Politburo members (9 pp); directives arising from Congress entitled “The Bulgarian Sixth Five-Year Plan 1971-1975”(20 pp); “Col. Gradinarov vs. Ali Baba and Beautiful Eve: youth official discloses how lax parents, courts, cripple the fight against moral decay”.
5. Secret Service. New security chief named indirectly, in a reshuffling in the Interior Ministry.
6. Purges, and Rehabilitation of Purge Victims. Clippings: 1964-1975.Kostov, who was tried and executed in 1949, was “rehabilitated” to a place of honour in 1963; “Belated Purge” describes the arrests of 33 who participated in a failed plot against Zhivkov in 1963; government sacked several high-level Ministers; country reported to be wiping out its Macedonians.
Section 8: Czechoslovakia
1. History: Clippings: 1948-1973. Soviet takeover; the 1968 clamp-down; history of oppression in the area; Typescript indicates political parties’ name changes after 1945.
2. General: Clippings: 1969-1977. Typescript: “Nuclear Power on the Way” concerning nuclear reactors; repressions, lack of freedoms after 1968; election of Husák; failure of diplomatic efforts; ICJC Newsletter report entitled “Jews and Israel in Czechoslovak Politics” 1977
3. Communist Party. General: Documents, 1969, 1971. Typescripts: “Exodus From the Party”, “Lubomir Strougal: A Profile”, “Where Are They Now?”, “The Outcasts, and “Rehabilitation Slowdown”; a Czechoslovak Press Survey with a new oath of loyalty; a report on the Slovak Communist Party Congress: Personnel Reshuffle.
4. Government. Documents:1963-1965. Communist Party Presidium, Secretariat, Party Control, State, and Ministers of the Government; members of the Slovak Communist Party in its divisions.
5. Government, 1966. A list of governing Communist Party members as above is given; paper: “Czechoslovakia: the Balancing Act”.
6. Government, 1970, 1971: List of government members of the Communist Party.
7. Masaryk. Clippings: 1968-1975. Speculation over whether Jan Masaryk’s death in 1948 was suicide or murder.
8. Purges in 1950s, Slansky trial. Clippings: 1969-1970. The show trial of Ruda Slansky, and his subsequent hanging.
9. Clippings: 1952. Purge of Communist leaders: Slansky, Clemantis, Katz; the trials of 14 former leaders; booklet: Benson, P. “Unknown Country” The Story of Czechoslovakia. Note on back says, “Czechoslovakia will be free again.”.
10. Rehabilitation of Purge Victims. Clippings: 1964-1965.
11. 1967. Clippings: 1967-1968. Writers’ Revolt. Mnacko and The Taste of Power; also Vaculik, Liehm, and Klima, all expelled from the Communist Party, and then reinstated; Havel mentioned briefly in a review of the early stages of the Prague Spring.
12. Security Police. Clippings: 1968, 1976. Dubcek’s plan to get rid of the secret police; press conference at the Czech Embassy in London.
Box 52
1. Clippings: January-July, 1968. Deposition of Pres. Novotny and initial changes (Spring, 1968);Novotny forced to resign from Party leadership, replaced by Dubcek.
2.. Clippings: March-June, 1968.Changes after Novotny’s removal; Dubcek liberalization, and Soviet threats.
3. Soviet Invasion, August 1968, and subsequent developments. Clippings: July-October, 1968. Attempts by Russia to silence the Czech Spring, using tanks and words; when the words were ineffective, the tanks moved in, and the leaders arrested.
4. Reaction: Dubcek’s removal. Clippings: September 1968-July, 1969. New Opposition; threats in the press; Dubcek’s achievements; continuing conservatism.
5. 1968 Aftermath of Russian Invasion. Clippings: 1969-1978. Czech resentment; Russian tactics through the years; readers reminded of the 10th anniversary of the Russian invasion; British editorials offer opinions.
6. Dubcek’s protest against KGB in 1974/5. A smuggled letter by Dubcek, published by the Observer 13 April, 1975; the riposte from Moscow.
7. Trials for subversion. Clippings: 1971 -1977. Trials held in Prague
8. “Charter 77” Human Rights Manifesto. Clippings: Jan, 1977-Nov. 1978. Smuggled document denounced the suppression of human rights in Czechoslovakia. Signed by 240 scholars, writers and former politicians; reaction from the Communist government; assertions of opposition from members of the intellectual community. Among those arrested: Havel, Kohout, Jiri Hajek, Vaculik, Patocka; demands from Greek Catholics for a return of their church under Dubcek; report of death of two technicians in a nuclear power plant accident.
Section 2: Hungary
1. History and General. Clippings: 1943-1978. British Survey, 1943: Vol 5(5): 25-28; Hungarian governments, attitudes until the death of Imre Nagy in 1978.
2. 1956 Revolution. Clippings: 1957-1976. Significant anniversaries of the uprising; some cause-and-effect information; book reviews on the revolution.
3. Government. Documents: June1963-June1965. Members of the Hungarian Socialist Workers’ Party in Government Office to the Ministerial level.
4. Government, Typescript: 1966. Members of the Hungarian Socialist Workers’ Party in Government Office to the Ministerial level.
5. Rehabilitation of Purge Victims. Clippings: 1956-1969. Rehabilitation of Laszlo Rajk, executed on trumped-up charges in 1949; others, including Cardinal Mindszenty and Archbishop Grosz, “rehabilitated” in 1961-1962, along with many unnamed.
6. Anti-Communist Opposition: Clipping: 1951. Anti-Soviet sports book; subversion trial of 12 Hungarian Roman Catholics, charged with wanting to restore property to the people, and the former church lands to the church, thereby creating a “Christian republic”.
7. Janos Kadar. Clippings 1964-1975. Descriptions of Kadar’s approach to governing; his reappointment; the nature of his #2, Kallai.
8. Cardinal Mindszenty. Clippings: 1971-1975. Advertising booklet for 1975 version of Cardinal Mindszenty: Memoirs, his story in serial form; book reviews of the Memoirs.
9. Spies in Britain. Clippings: 1971-1974. Letter from F. Rubin to Cookridge offering him a case-study report for his information; summary of one case; Cookridge’s reply. See also Series 3: Correspondence.
Section 3: Poland
1. History and General. Clippings: 1969-1978. The resentment of Polish intellectuals and students of the Soviet-style regime; gradual loosening of ties to Russia; names of opposition groups.
2. Government lists 1963-1971 (not included: 1967-1969). Communist Party members in the Government, to the level of Minister; Gomulka; the remnant of the Peasants Party; a situation report; the political fate of Jozef Cyrankiewicz; government changes; the replacement of Gomulka by Gierek; Polish-West German Treaty signing.
3. Military. Typescripts, May, 1969, March 1971. Enrolling students in the militia; changes in the Ministry of National Defense.
4. Economy. Typescript: 1970-1971. “Poland’s Maritime Industry”, 22 pages; Personnel Changes at Sejm Session: Revised economic plans discussed’.
5. British Secret Service (SIS) on Sikorski (1939-1945) and Hochhuth’s play alleging Sikorski’s murder; clippings argue the myths of the play, and the possibility that the Sikorski plane crash had genuinely not been an accident; libel proceedings found Hochhuth guilty on all counts.
6a, b. Sikorski. Dr. Thorne’s case (1970). Voluminous correspondence (photocopies) with Cookridge over Dr. Thorne’s belief that Sikorski was murdered; his lawsuits over the publication of the play by British publishers; correspondence about a possible connection between Sikorski and Kim Philby. He regarded the pilot of the doomed Liberator aircraft who survived as a murderer; tried to make a deposition to a California court to have the pilot questioned. A long essay, part of a longer document, blames the peerage for everything that is wrong in British society. See also Box 21, File 40.
7. State Security. Clipping: 1968. Major-General Moczar “Man on the Way”; endangerment of Polish Jews in an anti-Zionist campaign.
8. Military Intelligence. 1963 scrap of paper, part typescript, part Cookridge’s handwriting, naming members of the neo-Stalinist leaders of Polish Intelligence.
9. Rehabilitation of Purge Victims. Typescript: 1964. All victims were rehabilitated in 1955-57. Some regained power, others left politics, but all were compensated.
10. Opposition and Purges, 1967-1968. Clippings: 1968-1969. Student and other riots in Warsaw brutally suppressed; accusation of Polish writers as inciting the troubles; the Gomulka regime itself later was accused by the students of fomenting the riots.
11. Katyn Massacre and Memorial. Clippings: 1974-1976. Controversy over the placement of a memorial to Polish soldiers executed in 1940.
12. Food Riots: Newspaper clippings: 1968-70, 1976. Two sets of riots resulting from large price increases in food and fuel; 1970 poor harvest, but the government paid standard rates for the crops, so that the farmers made little money; the government then raised prices because of short supply; others feared that the prices had deliberately been raised to reduce Christmas celebrations; later riots because of broader economic difficulties.
13. Great Britain. Clippings: 1945-1975. Early reports of Polish immigrants joining British Unions; Poles in Britain (in Polish, 1945); permanent Polish immigration to Britain as a result of World War II; the death of Countess Lubienska seen as an unsolved murder; Hubal movie; the 1969 Polish Airmen’s Week Review.
Section 4: Rumania
1. General. Clippings: 1952-1978. General situation reports; economy; official visits, etc.
2. Government 1963-1966. Lists of Communist Party leaders in the government down to ministerial level for 1963-1966; mimeograph “Rumania: the New Course” about Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej, the president and party leader.
3. Government 1967, 1970, 1971, 1975. Communist Party Government members lists, 1970-91, tear-sheet from Keesing’s Contemporary Archives, 1975; Radio Free Europe Research mimeographs (photocopies) “Ceausescu calls for Greater Party Control over Security”, and “Situation Report: Reorganization of the Ministry of the Interior”, 1967.
4. Repercussions of Czech Crisis, 1968. Clipping: 1968. Desire of Rumania for a friendship treaty because of their support for Dubcek.
5. Relations with the Soviet Union: Rumania as Dissident. Clippings: 1974-1978. Annoyances for Russia because of an unhappy satellite.
6. Communist Leaders: Ana Rabinsohn Pauker. Clipping: 1948. Her activities as Foreign Minister in Rumania; her passion for Stalinist Communism.
7. Security Service Head: Alexander Draghici (removed 1968). Clipping: 1968. His departure.
8. Nicolae Ceausescu. Clippings: 1973-1978. Considered a rebel; his foreign visits; attempts to establish contacts with other Socialists.
Section 5: Yugoslavia
1. General. Clippings: 1946-1974. Marshal Tito changing Communism’s approach in the country; commercial radio; abolition of illiteracy; revision of governmental organization; role in the Mediterranean and Middle East, talks with Ceausescu; position with respect to Russia; as diplomat.
2. General, Clippings: 1975-1978. The aging Tito; speculation about what happens after Tito dies; increasing capitalism in the country; international relations with Western countries; freedom of speech; western aid; ‘disappearance’ of Jovanka Broz, Mrs. Tito; stirrings of dissent over Macedonia.
3. Government. Typescripts: 1963, 1964, 1966. Members of the Communist League in Governments to the level of Chairmen of various Commissions of the FEC.
4. Control of Government. Clippings: 1967-1978. Tito tries to prepare the government for his departure; dealing with opposition.
5. Purges: Milovan Djilas: an author arrested for his writing.
6. Repercussions of the Czech Crisis (1968). Clippings: 1968. Friendship strengthened before the Russian invasion; afterward Tito and Ceausescu held secret talks and cancelled leave for their soldiers; a Belgrade review of Arthur London’s The Confession, panned in Moscow, but regarded in Yugoslavia as “a valuable contribution … against Stalinism”.
7. Espionage. Albania accused Yugoslavia of aiding western espionage against Albania; in Yugoslavia, a spy organization inside the Foreign Office was directed against Marshal Tito by a rival, Alexander Rankovich.
8. Security Service. Clippings: 1966, 1972. Continuation of Rankovich expulsion; security force later headed by Ivan Mishkovich.
9. Tito: Struggle with Russia. Clippings: 1953-1966. Revising the Communist Party in Yugoslavia pitted Tito against Stalinism.
10. Repression. Clippings: 1969-1978. Arrests and trials of opponents of Tito and the Yugoslav regime, including liberalizing ideas from within the country
11. Yugoslavian-Soviet Union relations. Clippings: 1956-1978. Tito’s early proclamation of allowing Yugoslavia to achieve socialism via a different road was a gamble for the USSR; seesaw relationship over the next 20 years as Yugoslavia alternately supported and defied Russia.
12. Post-Tito Succession. Clippings: 1970-1976. Debate over the merits of collective vs. individual leadership of Yugoslavia as Tito aged.
Section 6: North Korea
1. Korean War, and Postwar General Issues. Clippings: 1950-1976. North Korea’s part in the Korean War; inside Pyongyang; the rhetoric; mythology of Kim Il Sung; decreasing contact with the outside world.
2. Government. Typescript: 1966. Korean Worker’s Party; persons in charge right down to the Chairs of the news media.
3. North Korean Diplomats, and Smuggling, Drugs. Clippings: 1976. The entire diplomatic staff of the North Korean Embassy expelled from Denmark, charged with smuggling tobacco, liquor, and drugs; the problem found in all North Korean embassies in Scandinavia.
Section 7: North Vietnam
1. Conflicts. Clippings: 1955-1977. From war in French Indo-China to Communist takeover of South Vietnam; political issues and repressions.
2. Ho Chi Minh: Clippings: 1954-1969. Published manuscript by Cookridge: “The Red Dragon of Indo-China” (see also Box 19: File 3); profiles of Ho as person and leader.
3. Government. Typescript: 1966. List of Vietnamese Workers’ (Lao Dong) Party to Ministerial Level, including the heads of standing committees.
4. Indo-China: Viet-Nam, Viet-Minh, Laos, Cambodia. Clippings: 1950-1976. Decline of France in the area; Prince Sihanouk; article on Cambodia.
Box 53
USSR
Section 1: Communism
1. Ideology. Clippings: 1966-1976. Basic understanding of the philosophy of Communism, from both Communist and Western perspectives; book review on Karl Marx.
2. COMINTERN, COMINFORM. Clippings: 1947-1968. The ideological arms of the Russian Communist Party in action as it moved into a fractured postwar Europe.
3. Leaders in Europe: Clippings: 1946-1976. Communist leaders: Thorez, Gomulka, Ana Pauker, Engels, Marx; general profile of a Communist leader; East European Trials: a) “Threads in the pattern of Communist power”, and b) “Motives of the war against heresy”
4.Radio Free Europe Research mimeographs: “New Light on the 1960 Conference: Albanians Break ‘Secrecy Pack’”; “Western CPS’ London Conference”, 15 January 1971
5. The Church in Communist Countries. Three incomplete mimeographs, 1968.The Dubcek government in Czechoslovakia relents toward the Greek Catholic church; essay against the Adventist and Methodist churches ; “Communism’s Catholic Front”. Copies of the first two essays in Box 52, Section 1, File 8; Section 4, File 1; comment by Cookridge on back of Czech essay regarding the evident popularity of Heydrich in Czechoslovakia, in contrast with the comments of another author. Copy in Box 6B, File 12.
6. Press in Communist Countries: “The Press of East Europe”, mimeograph
7. Youth in Communist countries: Page 1 is missing, page 2 begins ”Communism’s Lost Teenagers”, mimeograph
8. South America. Clippings: 1951-1952. Victor Manuel Gutierrez in Guatemala; Communists in the Brazilian Army; efforts of Carlos Lacerda in Brazil to name well-documented Communists in the Brazilian government.
9. Peace Congresses. Clippings:1930s-1952. The Very Rev. Hewlett Johnson (the “Red Dean”): travels in Eastern Europe, adulation of Communism; attempt to discredit the International Red Cross in Switzerland; Communist petitions, signed by millions, begging for peace, with no details; Russian pamphlets advertising Peace
10. Counter-measures. Clipping: June, 1947. J. Edgar Hoover on the subject of the influence of Communism on America, including 10 Don’ts when dealing with Communists.
11. European Communism. Clipping: 1975.
Section 2: Soviet Union
1. Tsarist Russia: History. Book reviews: 1968-1976.
2. Revolution 1917: Celebrations, 1967. Clippings: 1959-1977. Retrospective articles; obits for Kerensky, Margaret Barber (Robertnova).
3. Russian Revolutions. Clippings: 1967, 1975. Prince Lvov.
4. Tibor Szamuely. Clipping: 1968. The (1953) death of Stalin.
5. Asiatic Territories. Clippings: 1942-1967.Booklet: Connolly, V. (1942) Soviet Asia. Oxford Pamphlets on World Affairs #62. Published by Oxford University Press. 32 pp plus maps.
6. Russia, General. Clippings: 1974-1978. Contemporary Russia: African students; cemeteries; alcoholism; the economy.
7.: British Detainees: Clippings: 1977-1978. Andriy Klymchuk, J. Zajaz; Donald Parkins, Lawrence Donoghue, Andrew Burgess, Leslie Kennet, Michael Wilson.
8. Georgia. Clippings: 1973-1978. Unrest, bombings in Georgia; potential secession of the Abkhazy region.
9. Restrictions on Journalists. Clippings: 1969-1978. Journalists at first expelled; KGB and the battle of the underground newspapers; promises of journalistic freedom, followed by arrests and fines; Radio Free Europe Research, “Ukrainskij Visnyk”, 12 May 1971, mimeograph re an underground bulletin showing violations of free speech, other freedoms, trials, etc.
10. General. Clippings: 1969-1979. Soviet economy; food shortages; arrests and executions of dissidents and criminals; book reviews; philosophical perspectives on the Russian soul; possible plane crash.
11. Satellites used for spying. Clippings 1978. Debris of defunct satellite with nuclear fuel reported in atmosphere; Russian spy satellite missing.
12. World War II. Clippings: 1969-1975. Book reviews: Leningrad/the Eastern Front; controversial correspondence: a letter from Lord Wigg.
13. Life in the Soviet Union. Clippings: 1969-1975. Range of topics, e.g. the cost of a passport for the West; an improvement in wedding registry offices; the fate of people who dared to speak their minds; Queen Margrethe’s visit to Moscow.
14. Andrey Gromyko. Clippings: 1946-1976. Ambassador to the US at 35, and finally a Foreign Minister.
Section 3: U.S.S.R.: Government and Party
Soviet Union:
1. Supreme Soviet. Clippings: 1945-1970. Elections to Supreme Soviet; comparison of ‘popularity’ of Politbureau members; significance of changes in elected personnel.
2. Administrative Structure.:“The Administrative Structure of the Soviet-Union”: four sections: The USSR; the Autonomous SSR; the Autonomous republics, regions and provinces; the districts. Mimeograph.
3. Constitutional Revision (1977). Clippings: 1977-1978. New restrictions on individual citizens’ freedoms; citizenship not a right; text for a new national anthem.
4. Government: Malenkov. Clippings: early 1950s-1956. Malenkov: within the Presidium, his attributes, his career, his downfall to Khrushchev.
5. Government from Stalin to Khrushchev: Bulganin. Clippings: 1954-1958. Bulganin vs. Khrushchev; censorship of journalists; Zhukov; the Presidium: who’s in, who’s out.
6. Diplomats. Obituary 1975: Ivan Maisky, Ambassador to Britain before and during WW II.
7. Communist Party, General Committee Secretaries, Politbureau. Clippings: 1945-1974. End-of-War reports and concerns about Russia; 19th Congress (1952); dissidence; note by Cookridge on numbers in various Communist organizations; outline of Communist Party members in Politbureau 1965, 1966; rumours of Kosygin’s retirement; personnel changes on the eve of the 24th Party Congress; removal of Ekaterina Furtseva from the Politbureau.
8. Government: neo-Stalinism. Clippings: 1968-1969. Failure of justice and proper procedure in Moscow; the heirs of Stalin; the isolation of intellectuals.
9.Radio Free Europe Research, “Pre-Congress Survey” 26 March 1971, re the 24th Congress, mimeograph.
10. 25th Congress. Clippings: 1975-1976. Problems facing the Soviet regime at the Congress; other European Communists; economic disasters; ageing leadership; 1975 list of Council of Ministers.
11. Government: Khrushchev. Clippings: 1956-1964. Communist Party leadership under Khrushchev; personality, biographical tidbits, partying, anti-Stalinist rhetoric by Khrushchev; text of resolution passed by the 20th Party Congress.
12. Government after Khrushchev, Kosygin, Brezhnev, October 14, 1964. Empty envelope.
13. False Imprisonment. Clipping: 1975. Book review: Alexander Dolgun’s Story.
14. Détente Plans. Clippings: July, 1974-January 1975. Nixon’s arms limitation talks; partial ban on underground nuclear tests.
Section 4: Soviet Leaders
1. Stalin Intimate Details: wives, children. Empty envelope.
2. Stalin (as government leader). Clippings: 1973-1978, ‘How Stalin Duped the Intellectuals’; book reviews: Stalin as a person, as a cruel dictator; 1978 account of documentary film about Stalin; early printed image.
3. Stalin after his death. Clippings: 1973-1978. Legacy of violence; prison camps; ‘psychiatric hospitals’; as warlord; in later encyclopedias; his sentimental rehabilitation; his political genius but intellectual arrogance.
4. Svetlana Stalin. Clippings: 1967-1977. Stalin’s daughter; fled in 1967 amidst publicity; sojourn in Switzerland; revocation of Soviet citizenship; living in the USA in 1977. See also Box 64, Section 5, Envelope 9
5. General features. Clippings: 1944-1975. the Presidium after World War II; the future of Finland; obit for Andrei Zhdanov; Stalin and the Korean War ; execution of Beria; denunciation of Malenkov, Kaganovich and Molotov; heir-apparent to Khrushchev, and illness of Kozlov; reaction of Soviet leadership to Czechoslovakia; a British comparison of what might have happened under Stalin; obits for Bulganin and Maisky.
6. Miscellaneous. Clippings: 1971-1978. Discrediting of people; obits of former leaders; speculation about future leaders; Ekaterian Furtseva sacked from the Politburo in July, and died in October; Obits of Bulganin, Andreyev, Aristov, Shtemenko, Yakubowsky, Kulakov; appointments to various positions of Tereshkova, Kuznetsov, Vorobyov.
7. Kosygin. Clippings 1971-1976. Assassination attempts; erroneous reports of serious illness.
8. Brezhnev. Clippings: 1971-1978. Personal comments: his health, his successor, not his policies.
9. Grechko, Minister of Defense. Clippings: 1969-1976. Rival for Brezhnev’s power; military as top priority, therefore in conflict with the civilian leadership; d. 1976.
10. Lenin. Clippings: 1956-1976. The person: mistress, adventures, death.
11. Khrushchev. Clippings: 1970-1977. A personal odyssey; book reviews; obits; his grave marker.
12. Maxim Litvinov, Stalin’s Foreign Secretary. Clippings: 1945-1977. Married an Englishwoman in 1917; his career; reflective article on his 100th birthday, by his widow in 1976; her obit in 1977.
13. Malenkov. Clippings: 1950-1968. The death of Stalin; what was known about his successor; subsequent weakness in the Soviet Union; Malenkov’s return to Moscow after his expulsion from the Politburo.
14. Malik, Ambassador to the UN. Clippings: 1950-1976. Performance as 1950 President of the Security Council; an automobile accident.
15. Mikoyan, Deputy Prime Minister. Clippings: 1954-1978. Expertise in trade; love of the collective process; obit and private burial beside Stalin.
16. Molotov, Soviet Foreign Minister from Stalin to Khrushchev. Clippings: mid-1940s-1961. Visits to Britain; activities; denunciation and removal from the Communist Party.
17. Podgorny, President of the Soviet Union. Clippings: 1974-1977. Re-election; travels; eclipse; probable successor.
18. Shepilov, Foreign Minister after Molotov. Clippings: 1956. Profiles.
19. Gusev, Soviet Ambassador to London 1943-1946. Clippings: 1946.
20. Vishinski, Vice-Commissar under Stalin, UN second-in-command. Clippings: 1946, 1974. Profile; his daughter Zina; criticism.
Box 54
Section 1: Opposition
USSR:
1. Human Rights, Restrictions, other Restrictions on Monitoring Agreements. Clippings: 1968-1978. The trials of dissidents; Amnesty International’s complaints; jailing of monitors of the Helsinki Human Rights agreement; government’s opposition to liberty.
2. Psychiatric Abuses. Clippings: 1970-1978. Incarceration of Olga Ioffe because of ‘anti-Soviet agitation’; Sakharov; Leonid Plyushch; Natalia Gorbanevskaya; book reviews on the hospitals.
3. Dissidents: General. Clippings: 1968-1972. Book reviews; newspaper series; reports of crackdowns; problems of dissident publishing within the USSR, including Solzhenitsyn.
4. Dissidents: General. Clippings: 1973-1978. Other nations protesting treatment of dissidents; evaluation of achievements through protest; harassment of Valery Panov by KGB; review of Kuznetsov’s diaries; interference with communications among scientists; threats to exiles’ families, religion.
5. Jewish Emigration and Dissidents. Clippings: 1969-1972. Discussions on whether and how to get out of Russia; the role of Israel; show trials in Leningrad, Kishinev, and Odessa ‘brain-drain tax’; ransom demands to US Jews from Soviet to allow Russian Jews to emigrate.
6. Jewish Emigration and Dissidents. Clippings: 1973-1974. Pressure on Jewish scholars inside Russia; use of Jewish dissidents as pawns in international dealings; some freeing of Jewish activists, release of Silva Zalmanson; appeals to Podgorny to let Jewish emigrants go, and agreements with the USA.
7. Jewish Emigrants and Dissidents. Clippings: 1975-1978. Continuing Soviet trials of Jewish dissidents, KGB arrests; tendency of emigrants to leave with Israeli visas, and then to head for the USA; more evidence for mistreatment of dissidents.
8. Dissidents: Actions in the West and on non-USSR citizens. Clippings: 1968-1978. Variety of visitors being expelled from Russia.
9. Dissidents: Tatars. Clippings: 1969-1978. Attempts by KGB and Soviet to displace Tatars from their original homeland in the Crimea.
10. Dissidents: Amalrik. Clippings 1969-1976. Author and analyst, Amalrik was allowed unprecedented freedom to report on the Soviet system; existence of a free underground newspaper; his arrest and presumed show trial; his expulsion from Moscow; detention by KGB as one of the best-known dissidents; permitted to emigrate as a Jew; arrival in Holland a few days later.
11. Dissidents: Bukovsky. Clippings 1974-1978. Informed the west of treatment of dissidents; arrested, exiled from Russia; interviewed in Britain; serialized autobiography.
12. Dissidents: Gen. Pyotr Grigorenko. Clippings: 1968-1974. Protested Russian injustice, was sacked, then arrested; put into mental hospital for 6 years; released in 1974 at the age of 67.
13. Dissidents: Medvedev and Tumerman. Clippings: 1973-1977. Medvedev went to Britain; Tumerman emigrated to Israel; both reported the Blagoveshensk nuclear disaster which killed unknown numbers of Russians; both claimed carelessness about safety precautions, and resulting unreported explosion in a pile of nuclear waste; Medvedev reported rocket accident killing everyone near the launch pad; controversy over Solzhenitsyn’s attitude.
14. Dissidents: Sakharov. Clippings: 1972-1975. Sakharov brought cases of dissidents to attention of West despite government harassment; challenges to the KGB; his hunger strike of 1975; won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1975, but was not allowed to leave Russia to accept it.
15. Dissidents: Solzhenitsyn. Clippings: 1970-1976. Profiles; active dissent with Soviet KGB, tactics; participation of Russia in WW I, and his contention; threats to his life and constant harassment; his defiance and threats; Soviet reaction to The Gulag Archipelago; his arrest Feb 13, 1974 and ejection from Russia Feb 14, 1974; book reviews; moved to US in 1976.
16. Opposition Writers’ Trials. Clippings 1967-1968; Amelrik (1970).
17. Dissidents: Shcharansky, Ginsburg Trials. Clippings: 1976-1978. Shcharansky tried for treason, Ginsburg for ‘agitation’; sentence: 8 years in prison for Ginsburg, and 3 years of prison and then 10 years of hard labour for Shcharansky; plan to trade Shcharansky for two Soviet personnel being ejected from the USA.
18. Dissidents: Pyotr Yakir and Victor Krasin. Clippings 1969-1977. Yakir appealed to the UN for help for human rights; his arrest; show trial; role of The Chronicle of Current Events, an underground journal of which they were the supposed authors; three years of detention for both, followed by three years exile; commutation and reduction of sentence one month later, on appeal; eleven members of Yakir family obliterated by the Soviets since 1937.
19. Repercussions of Czech Crisis. Clippings: May to September, 1968. Some before the Russians went into Czechoslovakia; reflections on Soviet handling of other rebellions; consequences of essential Russian ‘failure’ to control the country.
20. Opposition in Ukraine. Clippings: 1968, 1972, 1977. Moscow’s gradual ‘Russification’, cultural genocide, using loss of the language as a method of control; KGB invasion to stop underground paper; marriage between a Ukrainian student and a Nigerian student; reaction of Czech authorities.
21. Opposition: firing at Leaders. Clippings: 1969. Drive-by shooting attempt on Russian leaders during parade of returned astronauts; various articles.
Section 2: Soviet Military
1. Military Leaders, Marshals, Generals, etc. Clippings: 1942-1975. Profiles; lists; obits of a variety of officials.
2. Army Leaders: Zhukov. Clippings: 1944-1974. Profiles; activities; speculations, obit.
3. Military: General. Clippings: 1968-1978. Budgets; equipment; proposed treaties.
4. Red Army. Clippings: 1969-1978. Organization; recruitment; activities; perceptions.
5. Navy. Clippings: 1967-1974. Equipment; armaments; refits; perceptions; intelligence activities.
6. Air Force. Clippings: 1951-1978. Description of WW II aircraft; views of non-Soviet countries on USSR air power, actions.
7. Missiles and Space. Clippings: 1953-1977. Rocket bases, range; loss of satellite; preparations for space war; possible unadmitted loss of cosmonaut.
8. Military Aid. Clippings: 1974-1978. Interference in South America.
9. Warsaw Pact: General Shtemenko, Gen. Batov. Clippings 1968. Invasion of Czechoslovakia; political appointees, etc.
10. Logos. “Lenin”; “USSR” (both in Cyrillic)
Section 3: USSR– Economy, Science
1. Economics. Clippings: early 1950s-1975. Five Year Plans; gold reserves; harvests; labour shortages; trade unions in Russia; buying grain in the USA, book reviews; polar occupation and activity.
2. Science, Technological Progress. Clippings: ca.1935-1978. Peter Kaptiza’s failure to return to Cambridge; Russian science catching up with the West: incredulity in Britain; science education in Russia; Russian hydrofoils as British ferries; politics in Soviet science; underground university in Moscow.
Section 4: Justice, Police, etc.
USSR:
1. Justice, Law Administration, Courts. Clippings: 1962-1978. Communist view of Justice; penalties for economic crimes; political prisoners in the USSR: their fates; ‘restalinization’ of the courts; execution by firing squad of Nazi collaborators 30 years later.
2. Prisoners and Labour Camps. Clippings: 1954-1964. Inside labour camps; ‘open prisons’ in the USSR.
3. Terror in Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania Clippings: 1951, 1978. Consequences of Stalin’s drive to ‘Russify’ these peoples; an arrest.
Section 5: USSR Social Conditions, Press, Education, Sport
1. Press: “Pravda”, “Izvestya”, etc. Clipping: 1962. Newspapers as state organs.
2. Sport. Clippings: 1945-1946. Sports in general in Russia.
3. “The People” Clippings: ca. 1950-1974. Art in the Hermitage; underemployment; the mind-set of Russians; normal life; Intourist and restaurants; the role of women; slow changes; TV programs. (See also Box 53, Section 2, File 13: “Life in the Soviet Union”).
4. Social Conditions. Clippings: 1945-1971. Everyday conditions; crime and punishment; etiquette; attitude changes; wage levels, and poverty; 1970 census figures, and an analysis of them; the importance of narcotics.
Section 6: Foreign Policy: Middle East, China, etc.
USSR:
1. Foreign Relations – General. Clippings: 1962-1975. Consequences of Kennedy’s ordering Kremlin out of Cuba; treatment of Soviet Premier; consequences of Nixon visit to Moscow; Brezhnev as diplomat; Communists in Western Europe; Russia and Watergate; border disputes with China; détente; George Chapell: attempts at extradition by Russia.
2. Foreign Relations: General. Clippings: 1976-1978. Interference in Angola; the ‘enemies of detente’ and other Soviet protests; right-wing American article about Olympics; Ponomarev’s visit to Britain; involvement in South America, Far East, Middle East, Somalia, the Kuril Islands; targeting multinational businesses; spying on an ice island in the Arctic; rifts with Euro-Communists; book reviews; arrest by KGB of Jay Crawford on currency charges.
3. Relations with China. Clippings: 1956-1975. Border issues; attempted kidnapping; Kremlin views of China; threats of nuclear war, and posturing by both Moscow and Mao; 1969 ‘war’ between Russia and China; expulsions of Soviet diplomats from Peking (Beijing); arguments over border issues; troop buildups on frontier;
4. Foreign Policy, Cold War. Clipping: 1946, 1977. Arms reduction; Soviet News #1398, 1946: interview with Stalin, and arms buildup.
5. Policy in Far East. Clippings: 1945-1946. End-of-War perspectives on the potential relationship between the Soviets and Japan.
6. Communism: in Asia (India, Burma, Philippines, Indonesia, etc). Clippings: 1949-1975. Moscow’s possible allies in Far East; resistance to purchase of Soviet arms; base in Singapore.
7. Policy in Middle East. Clippings: 1945-1946. Maps: trans-Caucasian SSR republics, Poland, Czechoslovakia; Russia and the Moslem world; diplomatic efforts after the war.
Box 55
USSR: KGB, GRU. Agents and Methods
Section 1: Russian-Soviet Intelligence Services.
1. Secret Service in World War I, in Tsarist Russia. Clippings: 1968-1972.Book reviews; article: “The Russian Secret Service in the First World War.
2. Reference Material (Cookridge): notes, booklists, undated; handwritten notes, lists of people and material available for study either in Germany or in Britain; the Rumanian James Bond.
3. Soviet Spies: Ideology. Clippings 1956-1961. Cookridge draft typescript on 5th Column;. trial of the Krogers; Communist ideology; book reviews; article by Bertrand Russell.
Section 2: Organization
Soviet Spies:
1. KGB: Clippings: 1967.“The Espionage Establishment” by David Wise and Thomas B. Ross serialized in Saturday Evening Post, October 1967
2. Cheka Index (Zapinski). Clipping: undated (?1955). Petrov case in Australia; MVD ideology where the spies are spied on by their own country.
3. KGB Finance. Clipping, 1966. The opening of Wochod Handelsbank in Zurich: concerns, mandate of the bank, probable use.
4. General. Clippings: 1964-1978. Satellite spies; trawlers, etc off the coast of Britain; American spy satellite; local concerns; Ponomarev as “subversion man”; spy tunnels under embassies; attempts to retain British citizen Sharygin in Russia, and his release; proposed UN officer identified as Soviet spy.
Note: For numbers 5 to 29, the original numbers appear in parentheses.
5. (01) General. Clippings: ca 1965-1978. Organization chart of the NKVD; short history of the security police (KGB); effect of Greville Wynne’s trial on KGB practices; Reviews of Die rote Inquisition; the promotion of P.I. Ivashutin as General of the Army, a presumed KGB post; book review of “The Uses of Terror…”; Ponoramev as the person who issues ‘takeover blueprints’ for Communists attempting to take over Western countries.
6. (01A) Cheka to KGB; Own articles, etc. Typescript for ‘One Service; Many Names’ draft ms by Cookridge (n.d.); copy of NKVD organizational chart; hand-typed chart of dates, changes in the secret service ‘system’, and bosses.
7. Typescript, copyright by La Page Internationale (Paris) of M. K. Chablet’s “Through the NKVD”. In English, 62-page carbon copy.
8. (02) Cheka: Felix Edmondovich Dzershinsky (1917-1926). The evolution of the secret police from Azef to Beria.
9. (03) Cheka; Vyacheslav Rudlofovich Menzhinsky (1926-10 May, 1934). Clipping: 1953. Obit.
10. (04) “Gugbez”: NKVD; Genrik Grigoryevich Yagoda (May-July 1934, July 1936). Clipping: 1953. His being shot in 1938.
11. (05) “Gugbez”; Nicolai Ivanovich Yezhov (July 1936-1938).Clipping: 1953. “Yezovchina Purges”. He was fired in 1938 and never heard of again.
12. (05A) Purge Trials in 1930s. Clippings: 1949-1968. Stalin’s rage at the murder of Kirov and the subsequent purge/inquisition; false confessions; wholesale slaughter and consignment to Siberia; some handwritten notes by Cookridge.
13. (06A) Purges in 1952-1953, and Beria. Clippings, 1953. Arrest of nine doctors on charges of murdering Gen. Zhdanov (who died of a heart attack); five were Jews, so all accused of belonging to an ‘International Jewish organization’; some said to be British agents; use of the word ‘hysterical’ in association with the accusations; the trial of the doctors.
14. (06) Gugbez until 3/12/1941, then NKGB: Lavrenti Pavlovich Beria (1938 -1953); Vsevolod Merkulov as Beria’s deputy, and March-November 1966 as Minister NKVD. Sergei Nicoforovich Kruglov as head of MGB March 1946. Clippings: 1953. The trial and execution of Beria in 1953; other obits; book review: “The Beria Papers”.
15. (07) KGB: Sergey Nikoforovich Kruglov Clippings: 1953, 1956. Temporary head after Beria’s death, then deputy to Serov until 1956.
16. (08) KGB. Ivan Alexandrovich Serov. Chairman KGB (27 April, 1954-1958). Clippings: 1954-1963. 1956 Cookridge typescript, “The Man who Sent out Murder Gangs with Poisoned Bullets: will he be received at Windsor Castle and Dine at Mansion House?”; accused of betraying Nagy in 1956; sent millions of Balts, Poles and Ukrainians to gulags; arranged security in Britain for Bulganin and Khrushchev; ousted from the KGB; later removed from his military position.
17. (08A) KGB: Purges under Serov. Clipping: 1956.
18. (09) KGB: Alexander Nicolaievich Shelepin. Clippings 1964-1975. Instrumental in overthrow of Khrushchev; headed the USSR trade unions; was sent on diplomatic missions; maneuvered within the Kremlin; became an embarrassment to non-Communist unionists in Britain; because regarded as a killer, British visit was curtailed; lost his union job in Russia, and political power.
19. KGB. Shelepin’s 1975 visit to Britain. Clippings: February 28-April 3, 1975. Was to have attended the TUC Congress, stayed only 48 hours, and was routed by protests; claimed these were carried out by paid protesters.
20. (010) KGB. Vladimir Semichastney, Chairman KGB (1961-May 1967). Clippings: 1961-1971. Appointment as KGB chief; disappearance from the public in 1967; Deputy Premier of the Ukraine, but demoted in1971.
21. (010A) Rehabilitation of Purge victims under Kosygin. Clippings: 1964, 1968. Book review: “The Chornovil Papers” on the corruption of the KGB.
22. (011) KGB. Yuri V. Andropov, Chairman KGB (19 May, 1967). Clippings: 1966-1976. List of Soviet Union Party Leaders; ‘End of Komsomol Rule in the KGB’; ‘Andropov’s Promotion’; concerns of Czechs in 1968 after earlier putdown of rebellion in Hungary; return to Stalinism under Andropov; award to him in 1976 as head of KGB.
23. KGB. Shelyepin Dismissed from Politburo 1975. Clippings: 17, 20 April, 1975. Ousted within three days of returning from Britain’s TUC congress; opinion pieces.
24. (012) KGB. Alexander Semenov. Panyushkin, Administrative head of KGB, former chief of INO (Foreign Department), assisted Shelepin, Semichastnry, and Andropov, 1967. Clippings: 1947, 1967. Considered ‘Russia’s Master Spy; former Ambassador to the USA.
25. (013) KGB. Semyon Tsvigu, Head of Counterespionage Department, and one of Deputy Chairmen of KGB (1968): Also, Deputy Chairmen Gen. Georgi Tainev, and Gen Viktor Chebrikov (still, in 1971). Clippings, 1967, 1971.
26. (014) KGB. Co. Gen. Nicolai Zaharov (1967) Head of INO (Foreign Dept) under Panyushkin and Andropov. Empty envelope.
27. ( 017) KGB. “Department of Disinformation” First Directorate, Section D (1965). Head: Ivan Ivanovich Agayants (Avalov). Died May 1968. Clippings: 1964-1968. Forgeries; undermining the credibility of agencies like the CIA, etc.
28. (020) KGB. Heads of Departments. Clippings: 1954, 1969.
29. (025). Clippings: 1961-1971. Copy of Maggs: Der Nichtmilitärische Geheimschutz nach Sowjetrecht, from Osteuropa-Recht Vol 3: 163-181, 1965; reports of increased Western spying in Moscow, development of citizen police; control of travel and living space; tortures of prisoners; interrogation of visitors.
30. Clippings, April, 1974. Barrow: “KGB – The Secret Work of Soviet Agents”.
31Agents in Aeroflot (1967), also working against NATO. Empty envelope.
32. Clippings: 1947, 1953. Prisons: Lubianka; interrogations; use of drugs to induce confessions; torture; Typescript:“Torture in a Communist Prison: Remarkable Bulgarian Poem”.
33. KGB. Prison camps – Gulak (incl. Solzhenitsyn’s description). Clippings: 1971-1976. [Cookridge notes: see also Dissidents in Soviet Union with Solzhenitsyn’s full descriptions]; some serialization of “The Gulag Archipelago”; book reviews; article: “El Archipelago Gulag”, en color”.
34. KGB. Soviet spy base in Portugal (under new government). Clipping: June, 1975. ‘How to seize power’: a Kremlin publication aimed at Western governments, with application to Portugal.
35. KGB. Border Troops. Clippings: 1973-1974. Border troops to keep Russian citizens inside Russia, not for keeping the Chinese out of Russia; border troops won an award for their success.
36. KGB. Psychiatric Treatment and Internment in Insane Asylums. Clippings: 1970 – 1975. See also this Box, Section 1, Envelope 33
37. KGB. Miscellaneous. Clippings: 1957-1978. Foreigners improperly detained by KGB; advertisement for ‘tell-all’ book about the KGB; catalogue of publications from same press.
Section 3: Agents: Recruiting, Training, Treatment (Soviet Spies)
1. Recruiting: Informers and Fellow-travellers. Clippings: 1949-1964. How friendliness and a little naiveté may result in recruitment to the Communist cause.
2. Recruiting: “Sources” (Istochniki). Clippings: 1949, 1955.
3: Training. Spy Colleges (incl. Britain and the USA.) Clippings: 1955-1978. Location of some spy schools; Montgomery M. Green, USNR article: ‘Russia’s Universities of Revolution’; handwritten notes by Cookridge.
4. Training. “Yafkas”: Dead Letter Boxes. Envelope Empty.
5. Training. General. Clipping: 1956. Behaviour of agents and their contacts.
6. Training for Africa. Clipping: 1964. Training in Cuba.
7. Training. Women Spies. Clippings: 1960, undated. Training school in East Berlin; boarding school in Russia; Helga Wannenmacher (= Jelena Puschkowa).
8. Miscellaneous. Clippings: 1975, 1978.
9. Norman Barrymaine. Clippings: 1961. “How I Joined the Russian Secret Service.”
Section 4: Soviet Spies, Methods
1. Trap for Journalist Michael Connock. Clippings: 1969. Blackmail by Polish Secret Service; warnings to businessmen about the dangers of travelling in Communist countries.
2. Bugging of Australian Embassy in Moscow. Clippings: 1978.
3. Alleged radiation of US Embassy in Moscow (“Bugging Rays”). Clippings: 1968-1978. American Ambassador, Walter Stoessel, diagnosed with radiation poisoning; Soviets accused of using radiation to eavesdrop; later admission that microwave radiation was used; no health damage from microwaves; Russian complaints of harassment in the USA; prohibition of a US military aircraft from landing in Russia to take Mr. Stoessel back to the US for vacation and business; Stoessel moved by Pres. Ford to Bonn as ambassador; cyanide and mercury fond in high quantities in water in Moscow buildings occupied by US Embassy staff.
4. Blackmail. Clippings: 1962-1970. Michael Connock incident in Gdynia; attempts to create conditions for blackmail. See also Box 55, Section 3, Envelope 1.
5. Death aboard Aeroflot planes. Clippings: 1975. KGB resentment at police interference at Heathrow. The incident; reminder of earlier British police boarding an Aeroflot plane to rescue a drugged graduate student legally in Britain.
6. Diplomatic Moves with USA; Clipping: 1969. Intervention at Nixon’s election, Vietnam, etc.: ‘How Russian Intelligence upset the poll: Why Nixon thought he might lose.’
7.. Submarines and Naval. Clippings: 1956-1977. Russian naval vessels shadowing NATO exercises; fishing vessels off Newfoundland; air reconnaissance in the North Sea; intelligence-gathering trawlers.
8. Aerial and Satellite. Clippings: 1968-1976. Cookridge’s note about satellite spying; interceptions of spy planes over Britain; spy flight over NATO countries.
9. Penetration of Communications. Envelope empty.
10. Prisons for political prisoners. Descriptions of Potma. Clippings: 1968-1969. Hunger in the prison camps; proposed strike.
11. Kidnapping. Clippings: 1954-1975, and undated. Incidents involving KGB and various victims, e.g. an American working at the US embassy; Alexander Dolgun; KGB kidnap of Soviet sailors in USA after they had asked for asylum; question to the Home Secretary re: a refugee being pursued by Russians across Britain.
12. Kidnappings: Clipping: 1968. Naturalized London salesman Scharegin vanished on a business trip to Moscow; former member of the Red Army, held in Russia because he had been a soldier.
13. Blackmail. Martelli. Clippings: 1963. Accused under the Official Secrets Act and incarcerated; KGB was blackmailing him over alleged British affair, while his wife and children remained in Italy; acquitted because it was a ‘set up’.
14. Agents. Exchanges, Escapes. Empty envelope.
15. Dead Letter Boxes. Clipping: 1961. Trial of Harry Houghton; his offer to help find other dead letter boxes used by Soviet spies; caught in stakeout.
16. Surveillance of Visitors, Tourists: Hotels. Typescript: 1971. KGB’s questioning of bureau chief in Moscow over contacts with Bukovsky, a dissident.
17. Against Satellite countries. See also Czechoslovakia. Paper: 1971. ‘KGB: Samizdat’; notes about KGB-forged materials supposedly appearing as Samizdat; Czech writers were in hiding from the Russians after invasion.
18. Bugging Devices: Clippings: 1965-1974. A sensitive hearing aid (n.d.); microphones in British Ambassador’s residence in Warsaw; sex kittens supplied to British businessmen; spy tunnel under Israeli embassy in Moscow; bugs in diplomatic computers; Canadian hockey team bugged by Russians in 1974. See also Box 55, Section 3, Envelopes 2, 3.
19. Forged Passports for agents: “cobblers”. Clipping: undated.
20. Pre-1939 cases. Clippings: 1921-1954; cases from 1921; cases to 1937; French arsenals targeted for military knowledge; skeleton of spy found chained to a cave in Bessarabia; love tragedy in Rumania; Michael Borodin.
21. Women: Clippings: 1954- 1969. Spy at Tempelhof; Russian wives refusing to spy on their husbands, and the consequences; Russian women spies in FANY uniforms; dangers of illicit sex.
22. Censorship. Clippings: 1961-1973. Alteration of journalists’ submissions for publication; fears of Moscow censors of information getting into the country; list of 300 topics not permitted to be mentioned in the Soviet Union; publication of a new Moscow telephone book.
23. Radio Jamming. Clippings: 1973-1974, and undated. Need for a world radio network; cessation of jamming by Russia.
24. Economic Penetration. Clipping: 1956, US-authored booklet, n.d. The raison d’être of some trade organizations; booklet available at the US embassy in London.
25. Surveillance of Diplomats (Embassy mikes, etc). Clippings: 1971, 1976. Activity by KGB against British and American diplomats; reciprocity.
26. Cryptos, Communist Fronts. Clipping: 1965. Review of Phelps-Fetherston, I: Soviet International Front Organisations.
27. Brainwashing. Clippings: 1961-1969. Accounts of a technique, from China, and some specific results, e.g. as hypothesized for Mr. Gerald Brooke.
28. Forgers and Counterfeiting Cases. Clipping: 1939. ‘When Stalin Counterfeited Dollars.’
29. Tass and newspaper correspondents. Clipping: undated. Accusation by International Press Institute during the Antonov/Petrov case.
30. Fifth Column, General. Clippings: 1960-1978. Methods of discrediting countries; sabotage; medical treatment abroad for spy network chief Leopold Trepper; use of red brigades.
31. Economic contraband. Clippings: 1953. Shipments re-labeled, diverted behind the Iron Curtain.
32. Liquidation of Jewish Leaders: Salomon Mikhoels, Itzik Feffer Lozovsky and many others. Clipping: 1972.
Section 5: Assassinations (Soviet Spies)
1. Trotsky. Empty Envelope, but See Box 26, File 6 to Box 28, File 4. Manuscript, research, etc about Trotsky’s assassination.
2. Clippings: 1952-1975. Murders from Masaryk to Staschinskij; attempted assassination of Vladimir Voinovich.
3. Charles Jordan (1967, Prague). Clippings: 1967-1968. American citizen, V.P. of a Jewish relief agency; found floating in the Vlatava River.
4. Defections. Intra-Soviet resistance. Clippings: 1975, undated. Resistance in six countries; Armenian folk dancer sought political asylum, but. returned to the Soviet Union, accusing the Home Office of beating him up.
Section 6: Military Intelligence
1. General. Clippings: 1970, 1976. Letter from Malcolm D. Kennedy regarding the Soviet embassy in Japan in the 1930s; obit for Lieut.-Gen. Grigory Popov.
Section 7: Soviet Intelligence Before and During WW II
1. GRU. Army Leaders. Clippings: 1946, 1951. Stalin’s grip on political power off-limits to the military; deaths of middle-aged, senior military officers, listing no causes.
2. GRU1. General. Note by Cookridge, no date, noting a recent publication.
3. GRU2. SMERSH until 1946. Clipping: 1967. Organization and mandate of the real SMERSH.
4. GRU2A. First Head: Gen. Jan Antonovich Berzin (b. 1881) 1922-1937 (executed). Empty Envelope.
5. GRU5. Head: Colonel General Peter Ivashutin (1967). Empty Envelope.
6. ‘Red Orchestra’ Trepper: Trepper’s Own Story. Clippings: 1972-1977. His life and spy activities; how Poland refused an exit visa for his medical treatment outside the country; his son’s hunger strike in Jerusalem.
Section 8: Soviet Diplomats in Britain
Soviet Spies:
1. Diplomats in British Secret Service, Foreign Office. Clippings: 1952-1978. Travel restrictions on Soviet diplomats; diplomatic spy rings; tit-for-tat restrictions based on actions in Russia; British orders to reduce numbers of Soviet embassy staff; comparative freedom of movement of Russians in Britain; claim that 75% of Russian diplomats are Soviet spies (1973); occupations of Ambassadors’ wives in Britain; limiting visas for diplomats; spies from other powers in London; TASS invitation for Cookridge to cocktails at the TASS office, plus business cards from three journalists.
2. Kensington and Highgate homes. Clippings: 1962-1978. Russian spies as diplomats; Vassall case; “The Kremlin in Kensington” espionage case; plans for large Soviet embassy complex, ultimately rejected.
3. Ambassador Lunkov. Clippings: 1973-1976. Report of Lunkov’s appointment to London; his role in Panova affair; interaction with British parliamentarians.
4. Ambassador Smirnovsky. Clipping: 1973. He tells a joke.
5. Trade Union Visits; Soviet Delegations: Missions to Conferences. Clippings: 1971-1978. Russian spies joining professional associations, factories; attending trade shows; financial crises at Moscow Narodny Bank; Soviet trade visitors being funded by British Trade Unions; visa delays for Soviet scientists and others; criminal case.
6. Embassy in Dublin (1972). Clippings: 1972-1976. First exchange of ambassadors between Ireland and the Soviet Union/Poland seen as spy threat to Britain; concerns that Russian diplomats to Ireland were entering Britain without proper passport checks; visit of KGB official as correspondent.
7. Cooperation with East-European Embassies in London, after the expulsions of 1971. Clippings: 1971-1976. Nervous reaction of other embassies to expulsion of 105 Russian diplomats; Poland’s assumption of spy role for Russia; discovery of soundproofed room in former Czech embassy.
Box 56
Soviet Spies in Britain:
1. General. Clippings: 1930s-1977. Cookridge’s notes on British spies and their sentences; how Soviet recruiters work; security questioning for MPs after visits to Soviet Bloc countries; arrests of Russian agents; location of spy flats; cultivation of MPs for spying; spy ships; limit of three months’ residence for Soviet Trade Officials in Britain; spy-glass Russians; traitor-in-Whitehall hypothesis during Heath regime; Yevgeni Kryukov identified; eavesdropping on phone calls through the Post Office Tower; spy spotting; correspondence between Cookridge and Andrew Boyle regarding Philby, Burgess and Maclean, and others, as Communist spies. See also Series 3: Correspondence.
2. Lt Col Lajos Hajma, and Capt. Andras Toth: Hungarian military attachés caught photographing Polaris in Berkshire Ordnance factory. Clippings: April, 1976-1 August 1976. Indiscreet photography easily picked up by police; uncertainty over procedures, since nothing top secret was photographed; Hungarians reprimanded, but not expelled, because possibly acting under orders of Moscow, not Budapest.
3. Capt. Valentin V. Liachenko. “Vodka Spy”. Drunk and disorderly, and trying to obtain information from a British Army sergeant.
4. Alistair Steadman, RAF flight Lieut. Clippings: 1975-1976. Charged under the Official Secrets Act, active member of the RAF, flying Vulcan bombers; his excellent memory allowed him to memorize data, and he was deemed ready to sell; sentence of nine years, and denied leave to appeal.
5. Czech spy, Jozef Frolik (1960-1969), and Stonehouse affair. Frolik deported 1969. Clippings: 1974-1978. Frolik defected from the Czech intelligence service; John Stonehouse, MP, disappeared; Frolik identified Stonehouse as CIA spy. Speculation: drowned or murdered, in Florida; Stonehouse later arrested in Melbourne, using false passport; claimed blackmail. He was sentenced to seven years; no investigation of suggestion he was a Czech spy.
6. Expulsions in 1970-1971, before the 105 in 1971. Clipping: 1971. Britain as spy-Mecca against NATO; statistics on number of agents in the country.
7. Viktor Nikol Dvoryankin, Soviet Trade Mission. Arrived July 1968, expelled 1971. MI5 file report on him (1971) and his attempts at spying.
8. Lev N. Shertsnev. First Secretary. Expelled June 1971. Clippings: 1971. Accused of active intelligence operations; “journalists” from Russia going to Ulster during the Northern Ireland crisis.
9. Dmitry I. Sorokin, Second Secretary. Expelled May, 1971. Clipping: 1971.
10. Boris Grushenko (1971). Clipping: 1971. Accused by businessmen, expelled with 90; said to be looking for tank engines.
11. Czech Embassy withdrawals. Clipping: 1974. Withdrawal of about 12 known spies from Czech embassy, leaving six persons; none was formally expelled.
12. Accusations against Arthur Bax, former Labour Press Officer (1972). Sir Frederick Bennett accused Bax in Parliament of being a paid agent of the Soviet Union’; Bax had received small amounts of cash by the Czech embassy for free-lance journalistic work, but never saw himself as a spy.
13. Col Yuri A. Chelpanov, Military Attaché. Recalled April, 1973; Captain 3rd rank Gennady A. Mikhailov, Asst. Naval Attaché. Also Cuban diplomat Aristides Diaz Rovirosa (1972). Clippings: April 2-10, 1973. Russians not expelled; changed environment between Britain and Russia; Diaz described as “the vanishing Cuban”.
14. Leonid Yakovlevich Tyukhin, 3rd Secretary (Scientific and Technical), arrived October, 1968. Expelled (as persona non grata) August, 1970. Clipping: Sept. 1971. Former graduate student at Birmingham University, was interested in computers.
15. Valery S. Chousovetin, 3rd Secretary. Expelled June, 1971. Clipping: 1971. Expelled before the massive expulsion in September, 1971; a tit-for-tat exchange.
16. Georgi Gotznev (1972). Bulgarian, General Manager of Balkan Holiday Travel Agency. Nine years in London. Clipping: 1972. Denied charge of spying; assumed Director’s position in the same company in Bulgaria.
17. 105 Expulsions, Soviet Retaliations. Expulsion of British diplomats and businessmen. Clippings: September-October 1971. Pravda named British persons supposedly practicing espionage; some diplomats expelled in the tit-for-tat exercise.
18. 105 Expulsions (1971). Clippings: Sept.-Nov. 1971. Aftermath: political and economic repercussions in Britain and the West; reasons for expulsions and expected reprisals by Soviets; letters and editorials; criticism of Edward Heath’s very visible actions; accused of using the expulsions as electoral campaigning; Lyalin’s defection; false accusations; presumptive trade sanctions; Wilson vs. Heath, and the Panorama TV programme; a question of détente.
19. 105 Expulsions of Soviet Diplomats (1971) First announcement, 25 September. Alec Douglas-Home’s diplomatic letters to Andrei Gromyko ignored (texts here); announcement in newspaper; list of Russian companies in Britain; reaction of some embassy employees.
20. 105 Expulsions (1971). Clippings: 1971, 1976. Details, some names, departures, etc; domestic scenes, London businesses identified; editorials.
21. Retaliations for 105 Expulsions (1971). Clippings: 1971. Blacklist of British firms; expulsion and ban on re-entry of some British diplomats and businessmen; reprisals mostly concerned people knowledgeable about Russian language, geography, and economics
22. 105 Expulsions. “Truce” by December 1971 (Smirnovsky returns to London). Clippings:1971-1973. Some diplomats allowed back; numbers vastly reduced; Britain did not name all 105 persons publicly in 1971; cool relations with Soviet Union right through 1973.
23. 105 Expulsions. Moscow’s reaction: Gromyko’s protest, threat of retaliations. Kim Philby’s accusations. Clippings:1971, 1972. Mild reaction by Soviets who expelled five persons immediately,18 in total; kept contact with the technical firms, but not diplomats for a while; no invitations to Soviet celebrations; Kim Philby had his say; David Bonavia, a reporter, expelled from Moscow.
24. Oleg Lyalin. Contact with Soviet spies in NATO and other countries. Clippings: 1971. Clippings largely irrelevant to envelope title.
25. Oleg Lyalin (1971) Defected; first announcement of his name, Sept. 30/71. Details of his background; defection of his secretary. Clippings: 1971-1972. Officially ‘missing’, and of ‘not much importance’, Lyalin’s defection triggered the expulsion of 105 Russian diplomats; wanted British freedom and its culture; his (probably family) connection with KGB, and acknowledgement that he was a member of KGB death squad; missed appearance in British court on drunk driving charges, dropped because of fear he would be assassinated if he appeared; risked bringing his secretary from the embassy; she was granted political asylum; the disbelief of her husband and family.
26. Unidentified corpse near Portland Weapons Establishment. Clipping: 1971. Lyalin asked but failed to identify; prob. Eastern European in origin.
27. Siroj Abdoolcader (Malayan); connection with Lyalin. Clippings: 1971-1972. Accused of spying activities against Britain, and used by Lyalin; jailed for three years, but not deported.
28. Kyrianos Costi and Constantinos Martianou; Cypriot connection with Lyalin. Clippings: Sept.-Dec. 1971. Lyalin identified these tailors as his trainees to be activated in case of war; tried and jailed.
29. Soviet Trade Mission in London; spying centre. Clippings: Sept. 1971-Mar. 1972. Building and grounds; restricted contact between staff and families and Britons; Mission’s failure to prevent residential development next door.
30. Anatoly Tchebotarev (1971). Defected in Brussels after Lyalin’s defection. Sent to USA. Returned to Moscow December, 1971. Clippings: 1971. Disappeared in Brussels; nobody knew where he was; granted asylum in the USA but family quickly taken back to Moscow; he talked, but correspondence from his family made him return to Moscow voluntarily; possible trial for treason.
31. Ivan Kulikov, shoplifter, supposedly framed by MI-5. Clippings: 1971. Stole 35mm slides from Smith’s, claimed diplomatic immunity; Russians tried to complain, but were reprimanded for false statements.
32. Vladislav Drozdov (to 1968). Expelled in 1968, but shown on security-training film by BBC in 1971 as part of a documentary.
33. Three Trade Mission Members expelled 1970. Clippings: 1970. Reports based on activities; two other Communist countries were warned about the behaviour of their envoys.
34. Two Polish diplomats expelled January, 1970: Lt. Tanana, 2nd Sect’y Prystrom and two clerks from Military Attaché’s office. Clippings: 1970. Quietly, the expulsions were made for unacceptable activities in Britain; Foreign Office said they had been caught early; Poland retaliated by expelling three Britons.
35. John Rusbridge in Cyprus (1971). Clippings: October 1971. Sold aircraft secrets to a Communist spy; kicked out of the Air Force and jailed for 6 months.
36. David James Bingham, R.N. Officer (1971-1972). Controller: Captain Second Rank Lory T. Kuzmin, Asst. Naval Attaché. Clippings: 1971. Admitted spying for Russia because he was deeply in debt; his wife suggested he go to the Russian Embassy and offer to work for them; jailed for 21 years.
37. Mrs. Maureen Bingham (1972) Controller: Lory T. Kuzmin. Clippings: 1972-1974. Addiction to bingo led to financial troubles; she was charged with selling naval secrets; jailed for 2 ½ years; her divorce;
38. Harold Austin Hill, Engineer at Rolls-Royce (suspected) Clippings: 1971. Resigned, went to live in Russia; probably not a spy.
39. Leonard Hinchcliffe (1972-1974) Foreign Office clerk in Algiers and Khartoum. Clippings: 1972. Pleaded guilty to four charges of giving Russians information on FO secret codes; jailed for 10 years.
40. Wm. James Owen, MP. Arrest; Bow Street hearing. Clippings: 1970. Arrested under the Official Secrets Act; denied charge.
41. Will Owen, MP; magistrate’s trial. Clippings: 1970. Alleged passing information to a Czech diplomat over a lengthy period; Owen resigned as MP during the trial.
42. James William Owen trial. Clippings: 1970. After not guilty verdict.
43. Nicholas Prager. Clippings: 1971-1974. Electrical engineer accused of providing documents to the Czechs; afraid his wife was spying, he accepted the responsibility for her actions; identified by a defector, sentenced to 12 years in jail. Native of Czechoslovakia, he was rejected by them; Britain also removed his citizenship.
44. Love Affair of Nadeinsky. Vsevoled Nadeinsky, Secretary of the Maritime Safety Committee of the Inter-Government Maritime Consultative Organization of the UN (London Office). Clippings: 1970. Fell in love with his Irish secretary, but went home after family pressure.
45. Dr. Alfred Laurence (Sunny Acre) 1969. Correspondence with Cookridge, 1972. Clippings: 1969
46. Ivan Shishkin, First Secretary (1969) “Head of KGB in London”. Clipping: 1969. Gerald Brooke case.
47. Czech Spies: Robert Husak, Josef Kalina. Clippings: 1970. Convinced Parliament that Owen was a traitor; short notes by Cookridge.
48. Dushkin and Loginov. Ministry of Defense Radio Station. Clippings: 1968. Arrested, after being trailed to a MOD garage and radio station; Russian embassy charged ‘police brutality’ as they evaded arrest; claimed injury, but hospital records showed they turned up five days later with injuries not sustained in the arrest; both expelled.
49. Robin Douglas Cloude, R.N. (1968). Wanted to buy a house; Russians promised the money in return for information. Sentenced to five years.
50. Bland. “Walter Mitty Case” (1968). Clippings: 1968-1969. Surplus pages of harmless material given to the Russians; Bland was not an agent, and was not paid.
51. I. A. Borisenko (1968) See: Britten, Douglas Ronald. Empty envelope.
52. Peter Dorschel, McAffer (Scotland), 1967. Clippings: 1967-1970. Dorschel, East German spy, tried to get McAffer to contact an American, Ledbetter for documents on Polaris submarines; McAffer double-crossed him; Ledbetter was confined to the ship; Dorschel got seven years in jail, and his wife divorced him.
53. US Sergeant William Boekenhaupt ([?]1968). Clipping: 1966. His arrest triggered a wide investigation into Soviet activities in both the UK and the USA.
54. William C. Mulvena (1966). French Pâques Affair (Ivan Petchenko). Clippings: 1966-1967. Arrested for obtaining a passport in the name of a dead person for the use of Soviet agent; sentenced to four years.
55. Bossard case: Nesterov, Strelnikov (1965). Clipping: 1965.
56. Vladimir Solonatin (Trade) 1964. Clipping: 1964. Expelled ‘for attempting to spy’.
57. Korovin. Clippings: 1962. Master spy; left Britain before he could be arrested.
58. Anthony Wraight, (Nicolai Profimovitch Soloviev) (1960). Clippings: 1959-1960. Discharged from the RAF when he disappeared to Moscow in 1956; booted out of Russia in 1959; charged under the Official Secrets Act upon returning to Britain; Cookridge draft ms (1960) included.
59. Bryan F. Linney (Pribyl) 1958. Cookridge ms: 1956. Also handwritten notes by Cookridge.
60. Knock on the Door. Clippings: 1957-1965. Attempts by various Communist national police to coerce refugees into returning home.
61. Cmdr Ivanov (Profumo case). Clippings: 1963. Ivanov as socialite, drinker; disappearance of Christine Keeler; handwritten notes by Cookridge.
62. “Pasha” Florczykowski (1959). Clippings: 1959. Student at London University, planted by Polish Intelligence; deported; typescript by Cookridge.
63. Eugene Perianu (1957). Clipping: 1957. Rumanian Air Attaché, tried to establish a spy ring in Britain; deported; note by Cookridge.
64. John Clarence (Barabanov) (1954). Clippings: 1961. Was taught mathematics in prison by Klaus Fuchs, did some tutoring when released, but was jailed for robbing stately homes; typescript, handwritten notes, by Cookridge..
65. Pupyshev, Gudkov, (Marakazov) (1954). De Havilland case. Clippings: 1954. Pupyshev and Gudkov caught trying to collect secrets about the air industry in Britain; expelled; typescript by Cookridge.
66. “Dr. Noble” Colin Ward (1953). Connection with Krogers. Clipping: 1953. Found hanged in jail cell, was identified as Communist agent; Cookridge did some investigation on his own; note, typescript by Cookridge.
67. Eugene Fogarty (1953). Clipping 1953. Physician. Had been jailed in Spain; released; identified as a Russian spy in 1942.
68. Marshall/Kusnetsov case (1952). Clippings: 1952. Marshall, social misfit, passed classified information to Paul Kusnetsov; Marshall sentenced to five years; Kusnetsov expelled; typescript by Cookridge.
69. Karl Strauss (1951-1954). Copies of 1) a German-language leaflet “…dealing with …the conspiracy against Karl Strauss by the Reds on both sides of the Iron Curtain”; 2) a manifesto from Karl Strauss who claimed “deprived of British citizenship by a Labour Party conspiracy.” Clipping questioning Strauss’s supposed identity as the “Third Man” in the Burgess-Maclean case.
70. Boris Anisimovich Skoridov(“ Boris Zhiltzov”) at Soviet Embassy. London (see Loginov, South Africa). Empty Envelope.
71. “Feodor Svedlov”, ‘Head of KGB in London’. Clipping: 1971. Lover of Miss Evelyn Anthony; story in her book: The Tamarind Seed.
72. Five Bulgarians deported to Prague (1948): Boyev, Totyev, Ilyev, Chorokov, Matchenikov. Clipping: 1948. First foreign agents deported from Britain at the beginning of a large contingent of spying suspects.
73. London Spy Nets. Clippings: 1961-1971. Published articles, n.d. (?1969), entitled “How Russia’s Spy Ring Operates in Britain” by Cookridge; section excised; notes by Cookridge.
Soviet Spies in Britain (continued)
Section 2: Bossard
1. Bossard (1965). Clippings: 1965. Expert in guided missiles at Ministry of Aviation; ‘desperate for’ money, so spied for Russians; sentenced to 21 years; note by Cookridge with Item # for UPI photo. See also: Boxes 41A&B, Files 13, 21; Box 42A, File 8; Box 56, Section 2, Env. 55.
2. Bossard Case (1965). Magistrate’s Trial. March, 1965. Bossard’s arrest, charge; accused of being paid Nazi sympathizer; of being jailed for forgery; no thorough background check before he started in the Civil Service; became a Russian spy.
Section 3: Britten
1. Douglas Ronald Britten (1968) Trial. Clippings: 1968. Claimed he sold secrets to Russia to get money to buy a house. Sentenced to 21 years.
2. Douglas Ronald Britten. Appeal Trial (1969). Newspaper clippings: 1968-1969. Appeal rejected.
Section 4: Lonsdale & Kroger Spy Ring: Naval Case
1. Clippings: 1969. Part of Gordon Lonsdale’s spy ring; expelled from Britain after 21 years in Britain and the USA.
2. (1a) Bow Street hearing, Feb. 1961. Clippings: 1961. Details of charges, house searches, etc. on Lonsdale, Gee, Houghton, and the Krogers.
3. (2). Trial at Old Bailey: General. Clipping: 1961. Reframing of charge against all five; challenge to the jury.
4. (3) Trial at Old Bailey. Clippings: March 13-23, 1961. Daily accounts of the trial; prison sentences for all defendants: Lonsdale (Molody), 25 years; Krogers, 20 years; Houghton, 15 years; Gee, 15 years.
5. (4) Clippings: March 18-26, 1961. Summary series from trial, including sentences.
6. (5) Clippings: some undated, March 15-23. More personal approach, more pictures than other newspapers; more concentration on police evidence.
7. (6): March 15-March 23, 1961. More sensational reports of evidence and outcome than other papers.
8. (7) Appeals against the trial sentences. Clippings: March-May, 1961. Appeals dismissed.
9. (8) Background: Lonsdale. Clippings: 1961-1971. Articles on Lonsdale contemporary with the Naval Case; biographical details.
10. (9) Krogers’ backgrounds. Clippings: Jan.-May, 1961. Information on both Lonsdale and the Krogers.
11. (10) Houghton, Gee: Background. Clippings: May, 1961. How the Naval Case resolved: Houghton living beyond his means; drinking.
12. (10A) Ethel Gee’s own story. Clippings: March, May, 1961.
13. (10B) Houghton and Gee: Life in prison; possibility of release. Clippings: 1967-1969. Allowed private meetings several times a year; considered for parole in 1969, but Miss Gee’s application was rejected; speculation Krogers to be exchanged for Gerald Brooke.
14. (10C) Houghton and Gee paroled in 1970. Clippings: 1969-1972. Paroled in May, 1970, married in 1971; how Russians spy in Britain; how they arrive in the country.
Box 57
Section 1: Soviet Spies In Britain - Naval Case (continued)
1. (12) Lonsdale: Released in exchange for Wynne. Clippings: April, 1964. See also Box 42B, File 26.
2. (12A) Lonsdale’s Memoirs (1964) I. Clippings: 1965. Interview in Russia; extracts I and II of his book.
3. (12B) Lonsdale’s Memoirs (1965) II. Clippings: 1965. Sections III, IV, and V of his book.
4. (12C) Lonsdale’s Memoirs (1965) III. Clippings: 1965. Installments VI, VII, and VIII.
5. (12D) Clippings: 1965-1970. Lonsdale after release, made a film; His death October 9, 1970; earnings from his Memoirs; his acting career; his untimely death at 47 from a ‘heart attack’ whilst ‘picking mushrooms’.
6. (13) Krogers: Life in Prison. Clippings: 1965-1969. Application for Polish citizenship rejected because they were Americans; complaints of ‘monastic existence’ in prison, and lack of parole despite time served.
7. (13A) Krogers: negotiations for an exchange. See also: Box 55, Section 3, Envelope 10. Clippings: 1966-1969. Opinion pieces on the probable exchange between the Krogers and Gerald Brooke.
8. (13B). Krogers: Decision on Exchange, and preparations for release. Clippings: June-August, 1969. Passports from Polish embassy, and they were to be released in October, 1969.
9. (13C) Prison Officer Jackson (sold Kroger papers) (1968). Accused of disposing to prisoners in Parkhurst Prison, who paid for them, notes of conversations between Peter Kroger and his wife.
10. (13D) Krogers’ release, October, 1969. Clippings: 1969. Minutiae of the flight to Poland, their treatment upon arrival; Wynne said the Security Services advised the government against the exchange of Krogers for Brooke.
11. (13E) Krogers’ exchange: description. Annoyance of British viewers at healthy, happy appearance as Krogers’ left for Poland; editorial about government’s failure to use other tactics to free Brooke.
12. (13F) ”Another man” in Brooke/Kroger exchange? Clippings: 1969. Speculation; no conclusion.
13. (13G) Exchanges of agents: Criticism of Krogers/Brooke deal. Clippings: 1969. Exchange supposed to include more persons than Brooke; government accused of giving in to Soviet blackmail; several letters.
14. (13H) American attitudes to Krogers, etc. Clippings: 1969. Most comments about the inequality of the exchange, pointing out that the US did not do such things; editorial comment by Cookridge.
15. (13J) Krogers: Usefulness after release; Polaris speculation. Clippings: 1969. Concern that Krogers still had useful information regarding Polaris missiles; possibly US was designing missiles that were better than the Polaris; Poland paid for the Krogers’ plane tickets.
Section 2: Brooke and Kroger Exchange
British Secret Service:
1. Gerald Brooke (1965) Arrest and Trial. British Agents named; also infiltration of N.T.S. Clippings: 1965-1969. Brooke arrested for passing a package to an undercover Moscow KGB agent; never accused of spying; served 4 years until traded for Krogers.
2. Gerald Brooke. Life in prison; possibility of exchange (1966). Clippings: 1965-1969. Brooke’s incarceration; speculation upon exchange possibilities; effect of his imprisonment on political relations between the USSR and the West. (See Box 57, Section 1, for information on negotiations.)
3. Gerald Brooke. Threat of new charges; offer of exchange for the Krogers (1969). Clippings: 1967-1969. Izvestia or KGB threat; Brooke finally sees a British diplomat; Britain becomes worried about his future.
4. Gerald Brooke. Comments after release (Stewart, in the Commons). Package Deal: Anthony Lorraine, Michael Parsons, (arrested as drug peddlers), Krogers, Marriage arrangements for British-Russian engaged couples. Clippings: 1969. Editorials; accounts of answers to questions in Parliament; accusations of government bungling; unrepentant smugglers.
5. Gerald Brooke. After release: talks about ‘spying’ and NTS. Clippings: 1969. Soviet media complained Britain distorted the Brooke case, and that he was a spy; Brooke admitted that he had carried code material; this was a surprise to the Foreign Office and MI6; they declined to call him a spy.
Section 3: Vassall
Soviet Spies in Britain:
1. Vassall. Arrest and Bow Street Hearing. Clippings: 1962. Vassall’s arrest; search of his flat.
2. Vassall Trial (1962). Clippings: 1962-1963. Pleaded guilty; given 18 years in jail; did it for the money; his brother Richard’s arrest in 1963.
2A. Vassall. Background, his own story. Clippings: 1962. Personal history, attitudes; reasons for spying; psychology; note by Cookridge on 1966 envelope about Thomas Galbraith, Vassall’s boss, who resigned because of the spying.
3. Vassall. Courier to Ministers. Clippings: 1962-1963. Vassall as ‘Office Boy’ and courier for Galbraith.
4. Vassall. Clippings: 1962-1963. Political ramifications of spy trial: Lord Carrington told he should resign; journalists (Mulholland and Foster) threatened with jail unless they revealed their sources of information.
5. Vassall (1962). Interrogations after trial, scope of betrayals. Clippings: 1962-1973. His Soviet contacts, visits to his father in hospital; his side of the story.
6. Vassall. In prison, and released on parole 24 October, 1972. Clippings: 1969-1975. Applied in 1968, freed in 1972. Book review of his autobiography.
Section 4: Profumo
British Secret Service: Profumo case
1. SE 27. Profumo, Keeler, Ivanov.. Clippings: 1963-1978. “Timetable of the Profumo Affair”; article about Profumo after he resigned. See also Box 56, Section 1, Envelope 61.
2. SE 27A. Security. Dr. Ward, Cliveden, Astor, etc. Clippings: 1963-1964. Note by Cookridge on newspaper reports about Dr. Ward.
3. SE27B. Keeler. Clippings: 1963-1976. Trial of Aloysius Gordon for assaulting Christine Keeler; a tape recording; her autobiography; her marriages and divorces. See also: Box 56, Section 1, File 61.
4. SE27C Allegations by Eddowes. Clippings: 1963. Letter Eddowes sent to the Prime Minister.
5. SE28. Repercussions of the Profumo Affair. Clippings: June 1963. Resignation of Profumo; moral outrage; Dr. Ward on the scene.
6. Profumo case after 1971. Clippings: 1971-1978. Honoured for his volunteer work with all sorts of persons in difficulty.
7. Younger Report on Privacy (1972). Clipping: 1972. Report and recommendations.
Section 5: Lambton-Jellicoe Case
British Secret Service: Lambton/Jellicoe Case:
1. First News, 1973. Lambton’s own story, his resignation, description of facts. Clippings: 1973 Lambton resigned as Defense Under-secretary for the RAF; accused of visiting a prostitute, and drug violations. Jellicoe resigned because of a sexual scandal.
2. Security and police Action (how Lambton and Jellicoe’s cases were found out.). Clippings: 1973. Attempts to charge Lord Lambton as a heroin addict or drug user unsuccessful; juxtaposition of irrelevant but suggestive facts and ideas to keep the case going.
3. “Colin and Norma Levy and other call girls”. Clippings: 1973-1978. Papers unearth an exclusive call-girl ring in London; Nor(m)a Levy as Lambton’s call girl; arrests for sexual offences; attempted murder charge for Colin Levy; problems with Nor(m)a Levy’s autobiography; US legal troubles.
4. Lord Jellicoe and “Third Minister” Clippings: 1973. House leader, resigned because of call girl; called the “Second Minister” since Lambton was caught first; newspapers and Nora Levy, claimed there were others.
5. “News of the World” images. Comments on press treatment. Clippings: 1973-1974. Photographs of Lambton (not in envelope) taken by news photographer; controversy and inquiry; Lambton set up.
6. Parliamentary sequel: Heath’s announcements on security commission. Clippings: 1973. Attempt to restore the reputation of the government; denial of possibility of blackmail attempts on Lambton; security reports.
7. Call girls, German and International connections. Clippings: 1973. Allegations that call-girl ring was international group.
8. General comments on morality, including Montgomery Hyde’s historical article. Clippings: 1973. Editorial pieces; essays; commentary; changing opinions.
9. Lambton on Drug Charges. Clippings: 1973. Lambton fined for possession of cannabis and amphetamines; connection between call-girl ring and drug trafficking?
10. Sequel to Diplock Report: “Whitewash Accusations” July, 1973.
Section 6: British Commonwealth
Soviet Spies in the Commonwealth:
1. Australia. Mrs. Roy Neill (1961). British agent who operated in the Communist Party.
2. Australia. “Edinburgh Field Research Centre for Woomera”. RAF man Julian Brown flown to London. Clipping: 1958.
3. Australia. Skripov Case. Served in London 1952-1957. Clippings: 1963. Turned in by the woman he thought was a Russian spy; she was an Australian agent; suspected connections with Woomera; inquiries as to Skripov’s activities when stationed in Britain.
4. Australia. Petrov case. Clippings: 1952-1965. Defected from Russia as the Third Secretary in the Canberra embassy; told Australians about local Soviet spy rings; Mrs. Petrov’s escape from Russian hands; potential Fifth Column to have been arranged by Petrov; spy inquiry by Australian government.
5. New Zealand. Sutch case. Vitali Pertsev, Dmitri Alex. Razgovorov, Makarov. Clippings: 1974-1976. Sutch arrested under Official Secrets Act in Auckland, subsequently cleared; departure of Pertsev and Razgovorov despite orders to stay; warnings to Russians about spying in New Zealand.
6. Australia. Singapore. Clippings: 1974-1976. Soviet couriers grounded because they would not undergo security checks at the airport; they left in a Thai plane a day later; Thai dancer arrested as Communist conspirator.
7. Hong Kong. Tsunayev and Polarikov (1972). Clippings: 1972. Expulsion from Hong Kong of Tsynayev and Polarikov for spying; Russian ship refused to sail with stateless contact of Tsynayev on board, despite deportation order.
8. Cyprus. N Ranov, Soviet diplomat expelled March 30, 1967. Empty envelope.
9. Canada, Kenya. Clippings: 1970, 1975. Canada expelled Janos Hegedus; Kenya admitted KGB had a presence there.
Section 7: Soviet Spies in Britain: Burgess and Maclean
1. B&M1. General. Clippings: 1951-1972; Government statements; note of a Foreign Office report; Gouzenko’s Fourth Man hint; reviews of Goronwy Rees’ “A Chapter of Accidents”; notes by Cookridge about their defection, and its sequence of events.
2. B&M2. Clippings: 1956. Their first public reappearance in Moscow; their statements made then.
3. B&M3. Clippings: 1962-1967. Rumoured intent to return to Britain; arrest warrant should they do so; Melinda Maclean and her marriage to Kim Philby.
4. BS1. Guy Burgess: General. Youth, Cambridge, Anglo-German Portrait. Clippings: 1963-1978. Newspaper discussion of his homosexuality; suggestion there was no evidence he was a spy; biographical summary to 1963.
5. BS1A. Burgess: his mother and family. Empty Envelope.
6. BS2 Burgess: Wartime, BBC, D-Dept., MI5, McNeil (FO) (1950). Clippings: 1956 and undated. His wartime activities and his time in the Foreign Office.
7. BS3. Burgess: in Washington, and Flight. Clippings:1951, 1962. The hunt for Burgess and Maclean after their disappearances; biographical data and photos.
8. BS4. Burgess: Life and Death in Russia Clippings: 1962-1963. Life in Moscow; meetings with friends; his death, and his estate.
9. M1. Donald Maclean: General. Portrait, youth, Foreign Office. Paris Embassy, War-time in London. Biographical article; Cookridge’s biographical notes to 1956.
10. M1A. Maclean: his family. Clippings: 1961-1974.His mother, her illness and death; biography of his father, Sir Donald Maclean; his son Fergus’s studios in London.
11. M2. Maclean: Washington 1944-1948. Clippings: undated, 1967. Maclean’s passing of Cold/Korean War information to Soviets.
12. M3. Maclean: Cairo, Toynbee story, Nervous breakdown. Foreign Office. Clippings: 1956-1967. Photograph (undated) of Donald and Melinda Maclean; their house in Cairo; 1951 letter found in Cairo, relating to Maclean; Toynbee’s meeting with Maclean in 1936 and their subsequent friendship.
13. M4. Maclean: Flight. Empty Envelope.
14. M5. Maclean: Life in Russia. Clippings: 1961-1975. His life in Moscow; divorce from Melinda, who married Kim Philby; Cookridge note of Maclean’s sons being at a summer camp at the Sea of Azov.
15. M6. Melinda Maclean. Clippings: 1976, and undated. Her plans to disappear; her return to the USA; outline of her life in Russia.
16. M6A. Melinda Maclean: the 4th Mrs. Philby (James Leasor’s story). Clippings: 1969. articles by James Leasor about Melinda; her life with Maclean; as Philby’s 4th wife.
Box 58
Section 1: Blake. (See also Boxes 2A and B, Files 7-24)
Soviet Spies in Britain: George Blake:
1. B1. General Biography. .Clippings: undated, 1961. Typewritten curriculum vitae of George Blake, his life and background, with handwritten notes relating to his biography, all by Cookridge.
2. B2. Mateial about boyhood in Holland. Clippings: undated, 1961. Notes indicated as “from Leonard Davidson” about Blake’s life and growing up in the Netherlands; his life there.
3. B3. In Korea. Clippings: 1953, 1961.Notes on his imprisonment and subsequent return to Britain, and later typewritten comments by Cookridge; American POWs in Korea who refused to return to the USA.
4. B4. In Germany. Empty envelope.
5. B4A. Background material for his work in Germany. Clippings: 1945-1961. The situation in postwar Germany, and the personnel.
6. B5. His relationship with Horst Eitner. Clippings: 1961. Blake was betrayed by Eitner, another Soviet spy; Blake’s trial and conviction; Eitner was a double spy, betrayed to the authorities by his own wife, Brigitte. See also Box 59, Section 1, Envelope 24.
7. B6. In Lebanon. Clippings: 1961-1978. The British Foreign Office’s Arabic language school (MECAS) in Lebanon; Blake’s studies there; contact with Philby.
8. B7. Betrayal by defectors Goleniewski and Maennel. Empty envelope.
9. B8. Trial. Clippings: 1961. Blake’s trial; sentence of 42 years; the effect of his treachery.
10. B9. Appeal Trial. Clippings: 1961. Appeal of the sentence of 42 years dismissed.
11. B10. Betrayal of other agents. Clippings: 1961. Identifying the British agents betrayed by Blake; the kidnapping of East Germans who had defected to the West. See also Boxes 41A&B, Files 11, 20.
12. B12. German reports. Clippings: 1961. List of authors and publications (no dates); stories about Blake in Germany.
13. B12A. Foreign reports after trial (1961). The effects of Blake’s betrayals on Western intelligence services.
14. B13. His wife’s story. Clippings: 1961. Series: “Portrait of a Spy”; two advertisements for the series.
15. B13A. Divorce, wife’s adultery, decree nisi (Cruelty). Clippings: 1966, 1967. Blake initiated the divorce, but escaped before the hearing; wife divorced him on grounds of cruelty/desertion.
16. B14 Blake. Life in prison, meeting Lonsdale and Vassall, planning escapes. Clippings: 1961-1976, and undated.
17. B15 Escape, Official Reports. Clippings: 1966. Blake’s prison escape; some details of his prison life. See also: this section, Envelope 30 (B24), for copies of personal correspondence with Cookridge. See also Mountbatten Report, this Section, Envelope 22.
18. 16 Soviet Spies in Britain: Blake. Police hunt after the escape: clues, car, etc. Clippings: 1966-1970. Efforts to prevent his leaving Britain after his escape; how he broke out; first references to an Irish accomplice, Sean Adolphus Bourke; a purported warning to British Security of a potential escape attempt by Blake; CIA activity in Britain at the time.
19. B16A. Elvira Baumgarten and the story of the Irish angle in Berlin. Clippings: 1967. Her possible role in supplying a false passport for Blake.
20. B17. Newspaper theories of the escape; Dean’s story. Clippings: 1966-1976. Blunders which made Blake’s escape possible; organization of the escape; his destination; British Security screening system; Patrick Meehan’s pardon; his later claim that he was framed for murder because he helped Blake escape.
21. B17A. Clipping: 1966. Blake’s escape, claiming that he flew to East Berlin and then to Prague.
22. B18. Escape. Mountbatten inquiry and parliamentary sequel. Clippings: 1966-1973. Earl Mountbatten headed a general inquiry into prison security; planned helicopter escape for Blake in 1966, reported used for the escape of Seamus Twomey.
23. B19. Life in Moscow; visit from his mother. Clippings: 1967-1975. Letters from Blake to his mother; her visit to him in Moscow; activities in Moscow, including Cookridge’s handwritten notes which are a tourist’s itinerary: shopping, theatres, restaurants, etc.; Observer cover featuring images of Kim Philby and George Blake.
24. B19A. Life in Moscow. Clippings: 1970-1972. Interviews with Blake, asking why he became a double agent; his escape; his autobiography; praise of him by Russia; article in Russian; “Order of Lenin” medal; his contact with his family.
25. B20. Bourke’s appearances in the British Embassy in Moscow. Plans for his extradition from Ireland if he returns. Clippings: 1967-1969. Bourke’s visit to the British Embassy in Moscow to ask about retiring in Britain; requests to Dublin for a replacement passport and identity documents; British investigation of possible extradition to Britain if he returned to Ireland; Russian comments about his personal safety if he were to return.
26. B21. Bourke’s return to Ireland. Clippings: 1967. His return to Ireland; British attempts at extradition; notes about Bourke’s return.
27. B22. Bourke’s stories after his return to Dublin; depositions at extradition trials. Clippings: 1968-1970. British attempts to extradite Bourke from Ireland; the agent he claimed Blake betrayed; Blake’s escape and his part in it; Irish refusal to extradite him; manuscript Bourke wrote in Moscow; his arrest for possession of a loaded pistol; remand for receiving stolen goods; Bourke in Moscow.
28. B22A. Sean Bourke: his story, and Dublin extradition trial. Clippings: 1970. Account of his book and its content, with reviews.
29. B23. Izvestya interviews (1970), Order of Lenin. Clippings: 1970. Photocopies of Russian-language articles.
30. B24 Correspondence with Sean Bourke; Sheldon Case. Photocopies of personal correspondence between Bourke and Cookridge (1969-1970), initially about errors about Bourke in “Shadow of a Spy”, but eventually friendly, ending with a mutual attendance at an event in Trinity College, Dublin.
Section 2: Philby
Soviet Spies in Britain: Kim Philby
1. P1: General. Clippings: 1967, and undated. Background information; handwritten (Cookridge) timeline notes; Philby’s confession to spying; background on his activities.
2. P1A. Clippings: 1967-1973. Reviews of books about Philby, other articles; Hugh Trevor-Roper’s libel suit against the BBC.
3. P2. Father, youth, Cambridge, Vienna. His birthday: December 31, 1911. Clippings: 1967-1968, undated. His early years, and family members; handwritten background and chronological notes on Philby; data cards on Sir Wm. Montagu-Pollock, Malcolm Dunbar, Hon. Sir F. E. Cumming-Bruce, John Cornford, Ilsa Barea: connection to Philby not specified.
4. P2A. Anglo-German Fellowship (+ Burgess), 1937-1939. Philby’s marriage to Alice, and their involvement in the Fellowship; handwritten notes on the Fellowship;.
5. P2B. His family in Britain. Clippings: 1970-1976. Philby’s son’s divorce; his daughter’s marriage; reviews of a book about his father; his sister’s death.
6. P2C. Karl Friedmann (ex-husband of Lisl Friedmann). Correspondence between Cookridge and Karl Friedmann in 1969. Friedmann noted errors in “The Third Man”; later letters (in German) deal with other matters.
7. P3. In Spain 1937-1939. Philby’s activities in Spain during the Spanish Civil War; notes of events and references; data cards on Lady Frances Mary Lindsay-Hogg.
8. P4 Soviet Spies in Britain: Philby. War service with S.I.S., Turkey (1940-1948). Clippings: 1967. Philby’s activities 1944-1950; his SIS work during the war; and the organization and operations of SIS; Cookridge’s notes on Philby’s work.
9. P5. In Washington, 1949-1954. Clipping: 1967-1968. Philby’s activities while posted to Washington (1949-1951); exiled King Leta of Albania accused Philby of 1951 betrayal of anti-communist coup plans; Cookridge’s notes.
10. P6. Philby’s life (1951-1956). Employed by Observer, 1952, and again in 1956; Clippings: 1955-1963. Philby’s work for the Observer; letter from Alex H. Faulkner to Cookridge; article identifying Philby as the ‘Third Man’.
11. P7. In Beirut, flight. Clippings: 1963-64. Philby’s disappearance from Beirut; his identification as the “Third Man”
12. P7A. Sheehan story: Beirut. Clippings: 1964, 1978. Sidebar on EMI’s loss of copyright for the Third Man film.
13. P8. Eleanor Philby. Clippings: 1963-1976. Her death in 1968; Kim Philby’s death in 1973; her life with her husband in Beirut and Moscow; her book, The Spy I Loved ; cross-reference by Cookridge to a review by Rebecca West of the book.
14.. Life in Russia. Clippings: 1965-1971. Philby’s life and activities in Moscow.
15. P9A. Confession in 1967. Clippings: 1967. First interview with the Western press; his admission to spying for the Soviet Union; editorial.
16. P10. Press and general comments after story broke (1967). Article by Geoffrey McDermott, who knew Philby, Burgess and Maclean at Cambridge, about their activities.
17. P11 Philby-Blake-St John Philby connections. Clipping: 1967. Different article by Geoffrey McDermott accusing the father (St. John) of ‘terminal eccentricity’ and being deprived of his British passport; the son (Kim) “was fired by his impressive father’s…originality”; Kim considered the winner in all categories.
18. P12. His own story. Clippings: 1967-1972. Philby’s memoirs; his efforts to have them published; a review of the book; results of a libel trial in Beirut; undated clipping about/by Philby.
19. P13. Trevor-Roper’s book. Clippings: 1968. Reviews of both Philby’s and Hugh Trevor-Roper’s books.
20. P14 Philby. Patrick Seale’s book: “The Long Road to Moscow” Hamish Hamilton, 1973. Clipping: 1973.
21. P15. Movies and TV Shows. Clippings: 1969-1977. Movies and shows based upon the Philby story.
22. P16. Miscellaneous. Clippings: 1969-1978
23. P17. “The Fourth Man”. Clippings: 1977-1978. Speculation on the identity of a ‘Fourth Man’ as a spy; book review: “Cambridge Between the Two Wars” by TCB Howarth.
24.. Notebook labeled “Philby”. Notebook contains a summary of Philby’s life, in Cookridge’s handwriting; Philby’s contacts; references and extracts of books and other documents referring to his life and activities.
Section 3: Soviet Spies in Germany
1. G1. General. Clippings: 1971-1978, and undated. Soviet intelligence and activities in Germany; Gunther Guillaume and intelligence activities in Germany; notes by Cookridge about spies; Fuhrmann, Behrmann, Molner, Altmann, Augustin as agents.
2. G2 Friedrich Cremer. Member of Bavarian Landtag (1979). Clippings: 1979. His arrest on suspicion of being a Soviet agent.
3. G3. Arrests after the defection of Lt. Stiller of East German State Security (1979). Clipping: Jan. 1979. The arrest of six suspects.
4. G4. SPD Parliamentarians accused (Sept. 1978). Uwe Holtz, Joachim Brouder-Groeger; Gen. Pacepa’s defection and ‘disclosures’ to CIA.
5. G5. Spy Rings in Federal Ministries (1976-1978). Ten arrests; 15 East German spies discovered, including Lothar and Renate Lutze, Jurgen Weigel, Helge Berger. Herr Buback’s statement. Resignation of Defense Minister Leber in December 1977 over disclosure of NATO secrets. Clippings: 1976-1978. Arrests of three couples: Lutze, Geratnex, Wiegel; historical article about British Secret Service and Anglo-Soviet relations in the 1920s
6. G6. Dagmar Kahlig-Scheffer (1977-1978): secretary in Bonn Chancellery. Trial with Peter and Gudrun Goslar (1978). Clippings: 1977-1978. Kahlig-Scheffer’s arrest and subsequent trial.
7. G7. Hans-Jürgen Jenzowski (and wife Friedel) Air Force clerk arrested June 1977. Clipping:1977. Jenzowski’s activities and arrest; the activities of Markus Wolf, the East German spymaster.
8. G8. Helga Berger (1976-1977) secretary in Aussenamt, friend of ex-Ambassador Dr. Hch. Box (Head of Christian Democratic Party’s foreign relations office). Controlled by East German spy Klaus Wöhler. Trial in October 1977. Clippings: 1976-1977, and undated. The arrests of Wöhler, Berger, Box, von Alten; Berger’s trial.
9. G9. Heinz Dürrbeck (1975). Trade-union official, AEG-Telefunken worker-director. Charged 7 Sept, 1977.
10. G10. Rolf Grunert (1977) Chief Inspector of Police in Hamburg.
11. G11. Henrich and Katryn Burger (1968-1976), sentenced 1977. Worked (with others) in West Berlin’s Social-Democratic Party headquarters; trial and conviction.
12. G12. Col. Karl Heinz Knollmann (1976). Clipping: 1976. His arrest for spying for East Germany.
13. G13. Ulrich Reeps (1976). Psychologist in ‘Konrad Adenauer Foundation’ of the Christian Democratic Party. Clipping: 1976. His conviction.
14. G14. Charlotte Moser, Alberta Stein von Hamm, Helena Nader: all worked in the Defense Ministry (NATO connection); conviction for spying for East Germany.
15. G15. Hans Faltenmeyer (1974-1976) sentenced 1976. Trade Union Leader. Clippings: 1974, 1976. Arrest and conviction on spying for East Germany.
16. G16. Pavel Minarik (1976). Czech spy inside Radio Free Europe; infiltrated CIA in Germany. Clipping:1976 His career in RFE, retirement, libeling of Zdenek Mlynar; praise from the Czech communist government.
17. G17. Lt. Col. Norbert Moser (1975). Spy ring inside the German Air Force. Report of his arrest.
18. G18. Lt. Cmdr. Dieter Görsdorf (1974-1975). East German naval officer posing as West German reservist; spied for seven years until arrest in 1974.
19. G19. Walter Doetsch (1975): employed by CDU Party Hdqs. Clipping: 1975. He was under suspicion of spying for East Germany.
20. G20. Gunther Guillaume, trial, June 1975. Sentenced 15 December, 1975 to 13 years; his wife to 8 years. Clippings: 1974-1975. Investigation; arrest; trial; conviction; appeal; East Germany’s offer of a 40:1 swap for his release; his spying brought down Willy Brandt as Chancellor. See also this section, envelope 1.
21. G21. Gunther Guillaume. Parliamentary Inquiry (1974). Many German politicians under surveillance. Clippings: 1974-1975. Security implications of the case; outline of the review process; reports of dossiers on Bonn’s leaders by Gehlen’s organization; final report split along party lines.
22. G22. Guillaume, and Brandt’s resignation, 6 May, 1974. Clippings: 1974, and undated. The effects of Guillaume’s activities on Brandt; his resignation as Chancellor; implications for Brandt’s resignation on other governments, and European relations in general; Brandt’s relationship with Susan Sievers; her history in West Germany.
23. G23. Guillaume. Clipping: 1974. Full background, BND and BfV failure; set-ups; Guillaume and his activities.
24. G24. Guillaume, arrest 1974. In Brandt’s office. Background: his extra-marital love life. Clippings: 1974. Guillaume’s arrest; background to the arrest; his love life; interactions with the Chancellery secretaries; Brandt’s help in trapping him.
25. G25. Capt. Alexei Myagkov. Defector, 1974. Empty Envelope.
26. G26. Suspect Walther Boehm. Trade Union Official. Arrested Nov. 1974, but released and rehabilitated. Clippings: 1974. His arrest and release.
27. G27. East German spy ring led by Hilmar Ernst (discovered in road crash). Spy network discovered following a road accident.
28. G28. Recruiting of agents in Germany. Clippings:1968.
29. G29: Vladimir D. Sergeyev. (1973). Second Secretary, Bonn. Clipping: 1973. His expulsion from Bonn for spying.
30. G30: Diplomats. Clipping: 1970 Soviet diplomats and spying.
31. G31: Gerda Schroeter (1973). Secretary in Aussenamt; gave away NATO secrets. Also her husband Herbert. Clippings: 1973.
32. G32: Bernhard Heuchler and friends. Clipping: 1972. His and a friend’s arrest.
33. G33: Repercussions in Germany of British expulsions of Soviet diplomats (1971). Clipping: 1971. Bonn’s fears of negative effects on their relations with East Germany as a result of the British action. See also Box 55, Section 2.
34. G34: Spy ring exposed 1971/72 by defector Lyalin in London. Ivan Ivanovitch Saitzev; Clipping: 1972. Bonn’s failure to act on a list of Russian spies provided by Britain.
35. G35: Polish spy inside Radio Free Europe (1971) Capt. Andrzej Czecowicz. Clippings: 1971.
36. G36: Horst Rapp. Clipping: undated.
Box 59
Section 1: Soviet Spies in Germany (continued)
Note: Original numbers follow in parentheses.
1. (1) Sedov and Shulkin. First in US Zone. Clipping: 1946. Their arrest for spying.
2. (10) Squires, Hingott, Sievers: General, 1950s. Empty envelope.
3. (11) Mainly Czech, in US Zone, also women. 1950-1952. Clipping: 1952. Czech ‘political refugees’ and their spying activities; US report; note of reference source (Cookridge).
4. (13) Grow affair (Squires). Clippings: 1952, and undated. Grow’s diary; disappearance of Richard Squires; Squires’s subsequent ‘appearance’ in Russia; John Discoe Smith, a US defector; alleged activities in Russia.
5. (15) Actress Knuth, Ins. Westbeld (1952). Clipping: 1952. Exposure of a spy ring involving Knuth and Westbeld.
6. (16) Edith Seefeld, Robert Koch, Karl-Heinz Tejkl, Berg, Donczik (1952-1953) in British Zone. Clipping: 1953. Their arrest and trial; handwritten note on the results of the trial.
7. (17) Michael R. Rothkrug; He was an ex-US Military agent. Clipping: 1953. Report of his trial.
8. (20) Defections: Heinz Lippmann case. Clipping: 1953. Cookridge has underlined several names in addition to Lippmann’s: Max Heim, Gunther Männel, Hahnel.
9. (27) Heinz Glaeske. Kidnapped NTS. Clipping: 1954. Warrant for his arrest, outlining charges.
10. (28) Hingott, Sievert. Clipping: 1954. Bribed Robin J. Smith; note indicates the charges, the trial, and sentencing (Cookridge).
11. (30) Irmgard Schmidt “Garbo”. Clipping: 1955. Mistress of Col Hayes, USAF. “See also Sanche de Gramont: “Secret War” pp. 451-452.” [McMaster Library: UB270.G74, Translated by Morgan, Ted]; her arrest, trial, and sentencing.
12. (40) Irmgard Roemer (Bonn). Clippings: 1959., Her arrest, trial and sentencing.
13. (41) Victor Schneider, double agent, in Bonn. Clipping: 1959.
14. (44) Lt. Col. Peter Sokolov. Clipping: 1960. His leadership of the Soviet espionage system in Germany.
15. (45) Abgeordnete Alfred Frenzel (1960). Exchanged, 1966. Clippings: 1960-1968: His spying activities; arrest and trial; his part in a prisoner exchange; obituary reporting his death in Prague.
16. (46) “Policemen” Clipping:1960. Report of the arrest of 13 members of the West Berlin police force as spies; total of 200 suspected.
17. (47) “Messengers”, Knipp, and Paul. Clipping: 1960. Trial and sentencing for copying 3000 secret documents for the East Germans.
18. (48) Cmdr Horst Ludwig, Briesemeier, Jäger, etc. 1960. Clippings: 1960. Trial of Ludwig, his sister Hanni Jäger, her husband Wernher, and Fritz Briesemeier; charge: providing information on the British Navy to East Germany.
19. (49) Official Announcements, 1958, 1960. Soviet spying in West Germany.
20. (50) Erich Engelhardt (1961) Germany. Clipping: 1961.His trial and conviction; espionage activities at the Leipzig Fair.
21. (51) Asbar, Moll, Plaum, Schultheiss and Gertrud Asbar. Clipping: 1961. Accused of spying on British and Canadian troops for the Soviets.
22. (52) Felfe-Clemens Case (arrests 1961, trial 1963). Felfe exchanged 1969. Newspaper clippings, Der Spiegel article: 1961-1971. Concerning Felfe and his place in Gehlen’s organization, and his trial. Note: German newspaper articles were Cookridge’s photocopies of the originals and were fading, so they have been re-photocopied.
23. (53) Pripoltzev (1959-1961). Exchanged 1962.Clippings: 1960-62. Copy of Cookridge typescript entitled “The Pripoltzev Case: A Spy for a Spy” (Original in Series 5, Box 30, File 31 of this collection); an account of his exchange.
24. (55) Horst Eitner (Blake case) 1959-1961. For Blake see Boxes 2A and 2B and Box 58, Section 1, Envelope 6. This envelope is empty.
25. (56) Herbert and Maria Kühn, Rosalie Kunze (1961). Arrest and conviction of Kunze; English reports of the trial and conviction of the Kühns as part of the same spy ring.
26. (57) Col. Von Hinckeldet, Furhmann, 1961. Empty envelope. See Envelope 22, this Section.
27. (60) Dr. Ursula Nenninger, Heinz Werner (1961-1962). Clipping on their sentencing on charges of spying for East Germany.
28. D60 Gehlen Intelligence: Defections” Gunther Männel (1962). Clippings: 1961-1962. He defected from East Germany; also the defection of an unnamed “Polish Spy Chief”.
29. (61) Spying on B.A.O.R. (1962). Clippings: 1962-1963. The arrest of East Germans spying on the British Army on the Rhine; questioning of a British corporal about alleged secrets offences.
30. (62) USAF Capt. Kauffmann (1962). Clipping: 1962. Arrest, trial and conviction of Joseph Kauffmann; evidence given by Männel.
31. (69) Official Announcements, 1962. Eastern Bloc spies; breaking five Communist spy rings and unmasking 304 agents; letter, in German, from “Der Bundesminister des Innern” Pressereferat to Ridder Newspapers of California at Cookridge’s address, about Soviet spying.
32. (70) BAOR (1963) Karel Dubsky. Articles about Czech agents Dubsky and Bohumil Jurezka.
33. (71) Journalists’ Case (1963): Neuhof, Burau, Müller, Schmidt. The arrest of 11 East German journalists in West Germany on spying charges.
34. (73) Alfred Svenson (1963) US Captain. Defector. Newspaper clipping: 1963.
35. (80) Soviet Spies in Germany: I. A. Morozov (1964). Clipping: 1964. Russian expulsion of a senior West German diplomat because West Germany expelled Morozov.
36. (81) Alfred Weise (1964). Sentenced as an East German spy.
37. (82) Dr. Erich Helbig (arrest 1963, trial 1965); Chancellery official; NATO plans. His arrest, trial and sentencing for spying for the Soviets.
38. (83) Glen R. Roher (1965) US sergeant, defector to the DDR. Clipping: 1965. He defected to Czechoslovakia.
39. (85) Official Announcements for 1964, also figures for 1959, 1961, 1962, and 1963. Soviet spy activities for the year, including figures for previous years.
40. (88) Sgt. Robert Lee Johnson (US Intelligence), who served also in Paris and Washington, betrayed operation 1011. Tried 1965, sentenced to 25 years. Connection to Wendland, Lubke suicide. Clippings: 1969, 1975. Mention of Johnson in connection with Felfe; discussion of Johnson’s spying activities.
41. (90) Policeman “W”; tried 1966, worked 1954-1966. Photocopy of 1967 article from Innere Sicherheit about “W”.
42. (91) Sgt Beckenhaupt: Malinin (1965). Empty envelope.
43. (92) 1966. The breakup of a Soviet spy ring in West Germany.
44. (93) Official Analysis for 1966; issued August 1967. Report on spy activities in 1966.
45. (96) Peter Katelhön (arrested 1966; tried 1967). Clippings: 1967. His spying for East Germany.
46. (98) Rolf Richard Voigt (1967) Dep. Chmn NPD. Innere Sicherheit article reporting his sentencing.
47. (100) Hans Bergschmidt (1967). Betrayed his father, employed by Gehlen. Clippings: 1967. Sentencing of Bergschmidt for spying in East Germany, and for betraying his father, to East Germany.
48. (101) Doris Ackermann (1967). Friend of NATO officers. Clipping: 1967 arrest; charge of spying for the Russians; Cookridge’s notation: ‘Sentenced to 15 months’.
49. (102) Krashennikov (1967). Russian complaints that West Germany had tried to make him a double spy.
50. (103) Bad Godesberg Ring (1967). Report on the Russian spy ring in the town.
51. (104) Hansheinz Porst (1967-1968). “Photographic Mail Orders”; trial May 1969, released 31/10/1970. Clippings: 1967-1970. Owned mail-order photographic business, was a millionaire; Porst admitted he was a Communist sentenced to 33 months for spying for East Germany; served about half his sentence; convicted along with Alfred Pilny and Peter Neumann; articles about his activities; notes (Cookridge) about Porst, Pilny, Neumann, and Findeison.
52. (105) Evgeny Runge (defected October 1967). Clippings: 1967-1969. Runge defected to the USA; Sütterlin provided NATO documents obtained through his wife, who worked in the Bonn Foreign Office; arrested as a KGB spy; indicated as a likely person to be exchanged for West Germans held in Russia, but flatly refused to go to Moscow; his wife committed suicide in prison; Runge under heavy protection in the USA; and testified to the German court in Sutterlin’s trial; it was feared the Soviets might execute him if he reappeared in Germany. Innere Sicherheit has an article on both men, and Cookridge has handwritten notes on them, with separate notes on Runge’s TV interview upon publication of his memoirs in Stern.
53. (106) Heinz and Eleonore Sütterlin (1967). Newspaper clippings and copies of press wire releases: 1967-1969. Results of Runge’s defection: the arrest of four spies, including: Leopold Pieschel, the Sütterlins, and Martin Markgraf. Lore Sütterlin hanged herself after her arrest, and Heinz refused to accept a spy swap if it meant going back to Moscow; his trial; Runge’s testimony. Note: Cookridge’s handwritten notes and also typed extracts and paraphrases from a Der Spiegel article have been re-photocopied because of quality issues with the original photocopy.
54.(107) Leopold Pieschel and Martin Markgraf. Photocopy of an article of October 1967, on Pieschel and his brother-in-law Markgraf.
55. (108) Official Analysis of 1967, issued September, 1968. Clippings: 1967-1968. The number of spies estimated to be in West Germany, and the number defecting to the West in the past 10 years; Innere Sicherheit articles summarizing spying activities for 1967 and 1968.
56.(109) Otokar Sverčina (1968).Clippings: 1968-1969. He and Miroslaw Moc were arrested on suspicion of spying for the Czechs.
57. (110) Manfred Ramminger, Wolf-Diethard Knoppe (“Starfighter”) 1967-1968. Sentenced to four years in October 1970, exchanged 1971 along with Josef Linowski; the theft of the NATO Sidewinder missile; its shipment (by air freight) to Moscow; the arrest, trial and sentencing of those concerned.
58. (111) William Lehmann, 1968. Exchanged 1969. Released after spying for East Germany; biographical notes on Lehmann (Cookridge); his activities; interactions with other spies.
59. (113) Gudrun Heidel (died December 1968 in “accident”) Murdered? Body exchanged. Clippings: 1968-1970. Killed in a railroad accident, her body was exchanged for two West German spies; later admitted that she had been executed by East Germany, pushed into the path of a train.
60. (114) Knut Hahnemann (1968) Policeman, Berlin. His spy activities.
61. (115) Friedrich and Margrethe Nickel (1968) Stealing NATO documents since 1965. Clippings: 1968. Re their spying activities.
62. (116) Gerhard and Vera Schmidt (1968) Exchanged. Recruited in 1956, by 1960, she was in France as “Sonya”; arrested 1968.
63. (117) Rudolf Riemann and Rosemarie Kraus. R.E.M.E. (Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers), arrested 1967, tried 1968. Exchanged (see this Section, Envelope 74) and appeared with Gottfried on television Clippings: 1968-1970. He was a civilian employee of R.E.M.E. for about six years.
64. (118) Josef Eitzenberger, scientist (arrest 1968, trial 1970). Clippings: 1968-1970. Professional engineer; in electronics from Austria; worked for 10 years near Moscow; went to the Batelle Institute in Frankfurt; it was suspected he had spied for the Soviets for 10 years; orders during trial for a medical examination; very badly damaged both physically and psychologically.
65. (119) Giesela Mock (arrested 1968) Clerk in Defense Ministry. Clippings: 1968. Her arrest; Note by Cookridge that she was released by mistake and disappeared into East Germany.
66. (127) Otto and Hert Nordmann (1968); exchanged. Clipping: 1968. Biographical information on Otto Nordmann.
67. (128) Harald Gottfried (1968); exchanged. Gottfried appeared on East Berlin TV with Riemann and Krause; see envelope # 117. Clippings: 1968-1970. German clippings about him; note (Cookridge) of his two-year sentence, and exchange after 10 days.
68. (129) Karl and Erna Driehaus (1969); exchanged.. Clippings: 1969-1970. The arrest of both Driehauses and Hans Voelkner; their activities.
69. (130) Y.N. Voronzov. Head of KGB in Germany; arrested 1969. His double life as diplomat and KGB agent; other Soviet spy diplomats; his death in a car accident; Soviet complaints about identification of diplomats as spies.
70. Ekhard Konopka (1969) Staff N.C.C. in Bundesheer, went into trap of DDR agent. Clipping: 1969. Information about Ekhard and Helga Konopka.
71. (133) Hans Voelkner (1969) arrest in Paris; trial 1970. Exchanged 1974. Clippings 1969-1974 Arrest; conviction; exchange of Voelkner. See also Bamler, Hans; exchanged together.
72. (134) Austria: Alois Euler. Clipping: 1969. His sentence for spying.
73. (135) Thomas E. Cavanaugh. Clipping: 1969. US sergeant in Berlin; his defection to East Germany.
74. (136) Gerhard Prager (1969). Industrial spy. Convicted and later exchanged.
75. (137) Spy Ring discovered after defection of Rupert Sigl. Clipping: 1969. List of Communist agents Sigl exposed after his defection.
76. (139) 16 KGB and GRU spies Clippings: 1958-1969. Pictures of Soviet spies with article.
77. (140) Lindner, Schultz, Widemann (1970) Spy ring inside Bonn government. Head of the ring: Rolf Guhre. Arrested March 1970. Exchange offers: see Driehard; exchanged December, 1972. See also Guhre (envelope #112). Clippings: 1970-1972. Liane Lindner and her group of spies; debtors as spies; Lindner’s exchange; identification of Lindner as Ingeborg Weber, a Lt. Col. In East German Intelligence; Lindner’s activities.
78. (141) Hasso Schlesinger (1970). Clipping: March, 1970. His arrest.
79. (142) Dieter Joachim Haase. Clippings: April, 1970. His arrest.
80. (143) Wladislaw Pieterwas, Polish spy. Clipping: April, 1970. His arrest.
81. (144) Walter and Ingrid Medler, Clipping: June, 1970. Caught shoplifting; spied on NATO; arrested; indication of exchange.
82. (145) Dr. Gottfried Sommer, East German from Dresden, Clipping: April, 1970. His arrest in West Berlin.
83. (146) Sgt. Hugo Preisler in Munich. Clipping: 1970. His arrest and suicide.
84. (148) Thomas MacDonald Smith, British soldier in Berlin. Clipping: November, 1970. His arrest.
85. (149) Piotr F. Borowinsky, First Secretary, expelled in 1970. Cpl. Daniel Walczak (1970) sent Bundeswehr wireless telegraph set to Russia; freed 1971. Clippings: 1971-1972. The theft of West German leopard tank secrets by Borowinsky; the involvement of the Walczaks.
86. (150) Erika Melitta Ossendriver, spied for Hungary in West Germany. Sentenced in 1970, deported to South Africa. Clippings: 1970-1971. Held in custody after her repatriation.
87. (155) Rolf Dresser, Heinz Winkelmann (1971). Clipping: August, 1971. Their arrests and exchange.
Section 2: Soviet Spies in Western Europe
1. Clippings: 1948-1978. Reports of Soviet espionage in Western European countries.
2. “Spy Cities”: Vienna; Basle, Switzerland. Clippings: undated.
3. Austria. Clippings: 1959-1968.
4. Austria: Josef Adamek (1968). Empty envelope. See Gehlen: Sveřina..
5. Austria: Alois Kahr, Head of Cipher Department, Austrian Foreign Ministry. Clipping: 1969. His arrest.
6. Austria: Otto Verber (1949), Kurt Ponger (1953), Walter Lauber. Arrests of all three; notes by Cookridge about the case.
7. Belgium: Alexander Salik, representative of the Soviet Baltic Line, Brussels. Salik’s departure from Brussels.
8. Finland. Clippings: 1954-1956. Spies in Finland; spy trial to be held there.
9. France. Clippings: 1947-1978, and undated. Spies, mainly Soviet, in France; efforts by French Communists, Iron Curtain embassies, and citizens; notes on French Communists (Cookridge).
10. France: Expulsions after British warning (Feb. 1972) France’s response after Britain expelled 105 Soviets in September, 1971and the defection of Lyalin; Military Attaché Col. Rylev, Counsellor A. Krokhin, press attaché V. Romanov; case of Claude Gaillerdreau, an engineer at Atomic Energy; UNESCO cases. Clippings: 1972.
11. France: Clipping: 1979. Rolf Dobertin, nuclear physicist, arrested with his wife; West German Bernard Richter, deported to Germany. See defection: Lt. Stiller of East German State Security; arrests of spies in Germany.
12. France: Lt. Col. Evgeny Mironkin, at Orly Air Show, Clipping: May 1973. His arrest.
13. France: Georges Paques (1963) Deputy NATO press chief. Clipping: 1963. The ‘Paques affair’.
14. France: Jan Rodak. Clipping: 1970. Second Secretary in Paris; France’s demand for his recall for spying.
15. Greece. Clippings: 1952-1975 Communist (therefore Soviet) spies in Greece; book review: Kousoulas, G. Revolution and Defeat: the Story of the Greek Communist Party. McMaster Library Call #: DF850.K65
16. Greece: Cyprus. Clipping: 1967. Russian and Syrian anti-NATO spy activities in Cyprus and Greece.
17. Belgium. Antwerp office, for transit to Portugal (1975), Viatcheslav Makiev, head of Transworld Marine Company. Clipping: Sept. 1975. His expulsion from Antwerp.
18. Holland: Boris Netrebsky, V.S. Sharovatov; connection with NATO. Clipping: 1970. His expulsion from Holland.
19. Italy. Clippings: 1952-1972. Communist spying activities in Italy.
20. Italy. Konstantin Manachov (1969). His expulsion from Italy for spying.
21. Scandinavia, General. Clippings: 1951-1977, and undated. Soviet spying activities in the region. Notes about Dr. Arne Halvorsen.
22. Scandinavia: Andersson case, in Sweden. Clippings: 1951. Andersson’s trial.
23 Scandinavia: Enbom case (Sweden). Clippings: 1952-1978, and undated. Accounts of Fritiof Enbom and Soviet spying in Sweden.
24. Sweden: General. Clippings: 1976-1978. Soviet spying in Sweden.
25. Sweden. Col. Stig Wennerstrøm case. Clippings: 1964-1970. Espionage activities; his trial and sentencing; ‘double spy’ activities for Russia and the United States.
26. Switzerland: General. Clippings: 1955-1978. Soviet espionage activities in Switzerland; note with Cookridge’s notation “See Jeanmaire, 1976”.
27. Switzerland. Brig. Jeanmaire, arrest (1976) of former Swiss Air Force Chief, Brigadier J. L. Jeanmaire. Clippings: 1976-1977. His arrest for spying, and sentencing.
28. Switzerland. Rudolf ‘Lucy’ Roessler, spying during the War. Clippings: 1966-1967. Lucy’s activities for the Russians during WW II.
29. Switzerland: Maurice Saurel (1969), Evgeni Kotchegarov (Geneva). Clippings: 1969. His arrest.
30. Switzerland: Sterlikov, Croitoru (1970); Swiss official, Dr. M. Buttex and an unnamed woman.
31. Yugoslavia. Clipping: 1949, and undated.
32. Peter Rullman; Der Spiegel correspondent in Belgrade; sentenced to 6 years in 1971, pardoned 6 months later. Clippings: 1971.
Section 3: Soviet Spies in America
Soviet Spies in the USA:
1.General. Clippings: 1946-1978, and undated. Soviet spying activities in the USA; article by J. Edgar Hoover about spies in America; official articles on Soviet espionage; notes (Cookridge) on Soviet espionage in the USA.
2. Diplomats: in Washington, at UNO. Clippings: 1953-1960, and undated. Articles on Soviet diplomats.
3. In the United Nations. Clippings:1962-1967. Russian spying activities at the United Nations.
4. Government: Hiss, etc. Alger Hiss, his efforts to be cleared of spy charges; his conviction; Senate sub-committee on Internal Security; its investigation of the Institute for Pacific Relations (I.P.R.).
5. Submarine secrets (May, 1978). Rudolf Petrovich Chernayev, Valdik Alexandrovich Enger indicted. Clipping: 1978. Their arrest, trial and conviction.
6. William Campiles, former CIA agent. Clipping: 1978. His arrest, trial, and conviction.
7. Andrew Lee, sentenced to life, July 1977; Christopher Boyce. CIA codes for KGB; trials of Lee and Boyce.
8. Cruise missile (July, 1977): Carl John Heiser, Carl Lutz Weischenberg. Their arrests.
9. Ivan Rogalsky, Soviet immigrant; gave RCA Space Center (Princeton) secrets to Soviet diplomat Yevgeny Petrovich Karpov of the UN delegation. Clipping: 1977. Report of Rogalsky’s arrest and arraignment.
10. Edwin Moore (1976-1977), ex-CIA man, discovered when leaving parcel at Soviet embassy in Washington; the Russians believed it to be a bomb; investigations after his arrest.
11. In United Nations: Abdulhalik Gadzhivey, Eduard Charchyan, Armenians born in Lebanon but at Russian UN Mission. Clipping: 1975. Their arrest.
12. Walter Perkins (1971) Airman. Clipping: 1971. His arrest.
13. Sgt. Boekenhaupt, London link. Clippings: 1966-1967. His arrest and trial; the expulsion of Alexey Malinin, his Russian contact.
14. Recent cases. Clipping: 1968. Russia has 400 spies in the USA.
15. Col. Abel; exchanged 1962, died 1971. Clippings: 1957-1972. His arrest; spying activities; sentencing; 1962 exchange for Gary Powers; Abel’s life in Moscow; his death in 1971; report on spies honoring Richard Sorge in Berlin, 1964.
16. Igor Melech (UN Organization: 1960). Clipping: 1961. Notes (Cookridge) about the case.
17. Igor L. Andreyev, Counsellor, UN delegation; expelled August, 1969. His expulsion from the USA; retaliatory expulsion of Milton Koyner from the US embassy in Moscow.
18. Alexander Tikhomirov (1969). United Nations official, expelled; released Feb. 1970. Arrest in Seattle; incarceration; release on condition that he left the US immediately.
19. Col Whalen. Clipping: 1966. His arrest and names of his Soviet contacts: Sergei Edenski, and Mikhail Shumaev.
20. Pisk (CSR): Mrkva (1961-1966): bugging State Department. Clippings: 1966. Czech attempts to ‘bug’ the State Department; used the US double agent, Frank John Mrkva.
21. Scarbeck. Clippings: 1961. His arrest and sentencing.
22. List of double agents. Cookridge’s list of double agents in Europe.
Section 4: Atom Spies
1. Fuchs case. Clippings: 1959-1975. Fuchs’ departure from England after release from prison; life and activities in East Germany.
2. Gold, Greenglass and Rosenberg case. Clippings: 1951-1978, and undated. The trial; conviction; execution of the Rosenbergs; efforts of their sons to obtain documents in the case.
3. Pontecorvo case. Clippings: 1956-1978, and undated. His defection; flight; life in the Soviet Union.
4. Morton Sobell (1950); arrested with Atom Spies Greenglass, Rosenbergs, etc. Connection with Col. Abel; released in 1969. Clippings: 1962-1969. Efforts to have him released; parole after 18 years in jail.
5. Canadian spy ring, and Dr. Nunn May case. Clippings: 1947-1965.
Section 5: Soviet Spies in the Middle East
1. General. Clippings: 1955-1978, and undated. Soviet activities in the Middle East; Cookridge’s synopsis for a proposed series of four articles on the “Red Conspiracy in the Middle East”; notes about Vinogradov; Iran’s breaking up of a spy ring.
2. Lebanon: Mirage Case (1969): Alexander Komiakov, Vladimir Vassilyev. Clippings: 1969. Plot to steal a Mirage fighter (aircraft); expulsion of the Russians involved.
3. Sergei Kiktev: in Beirut, formerly Ankara, directing Cyprus; Cookridge’s note; and Kiktev’s home address in Ankara.
4. Cyprus. Clippings: 1956. Kiktev’s activities in Cyprus.
4. Egypt. Clippings: 1956, 1965, and undated. Communist activities in Egypt.
6. Soviet spies in Egypt, expelled 1971/72. Clipping: 1972. Egyptian demands departure of five senior Soviet ‘advisers’ because of their spying activities.
7. Syria, General. Empty Envelope.
8. Syria. Connection with KGB (Serov). Clippings: 1957. Ivan Serov’s meetings in Syria with Syrian and Jordanian dissidents, planning coups.
Box 60
Section 1: Soviet Spies in Other Countries
1. Continental Africa: General. Clippings: 1962-1977. Communist efforts to influence African countries. Notes (Cookridge) on the KGB in Africa, for the BBC.
2. South Africa: General. Clippings: 1956-1957. Soviet anti-government activities.
3. South Africa: Loginov (1967). He was exchanged, via London, in July, 1969. Clippings: 1967-1969. Yuri Loginov’s arrest; revelations about KGB agents; his eventual exchange for 10 West German agents; dossier on Loginov and his exchange (Cookridge); Collection of Cookridge’s notes, possibly part of the basis for the dossier.
4. Africa: Zanzibar, Tanzania. Clippings: 1964-1965. Pro-Communist coup; became the government; provided aid to others; notes (Cookridge’s) on Russian influences in the area.
5. Africa: Congo. Clippings: 1965, and undated. Shipments of arms by the Communists to Congo rebels; other supports by them.
6. Africa: Sudan. Clipping: 1955. Soviet diplomats go to the Sudan.
7. Japan: General. Clippings: 1951-1976. Communist political and spying activities.
8. Japan: Rastvorov. Clippings: 1954. Rastvorov’s defection to the USA.
9. South America: General. Clippings: 1961, 1970. Reports of Soviet spying.
10. Central America: General. Clipping: 1969. Increasing Soviet influence in Cuba.
11. East Asia: General. Clipping: 1975. Report of 100 KGB agents infiltrating the Thai student movement and unions.
12. Sorge case. Clippings: 1951-1966, and undated. Richard Sorge, a German who spied on the Japanese for the Russians; Cookridge’s 1966 critique of the book: “The Real Richard Sorge”, by S. Golyakov and V. Ponizovsky.
13. Australia. Letter: 1974. Copy of original letter from John Ruffles to Cookridge re writing about Soviet spies in Australia; his request for assistance in obtaining parliamentary records of speeches; outline of Cookridge’s reply. Note: Original in Series 3, Box 21B, File 32.
Section 2: Against NATO
Soviet Spies Against NATO:
1. General. Clippings: 1971-1978. Article (Cookridge): “The Secret Way to Retaliate”.
2. Vladimir Ivanovich Rybatchenko, UNESCO official in Paris, expelled from France (1977). Clipping: 1977. His activities and expulsion.
3. Valerian Kuzniak and Manfred Kneufelmann, arrested in “Multi-Role-Combat-Aircraft” (‘Tornado’) case, in Germany. Clippings: 1976-1978. Spying on the ‘Tornado’ aircraft; press releases about development and production of the aircraft. See also: Box 59, Section 2, Envelope 27.
4. Tightening of Security: NATO maps used as wrappers, NATO documents sent back in Bonn, other problems. Clippings: 1970-1975.
5. James Creegan, Irish national, working in Brussels with Eurocontrol, an air and naval navigation safety organization. Clipping: 1975. His arrest and detention.
6. Lutz Brettschneider: tried to buy Phantoms. Trial, Nov. 1975, sentenced to 2 years. Was helped by Mechker, who got suspended sentence. Clippings: 1974-1975. Arrest; sentencing; Cookridge’s notes about the case.
7. Kwiatkowski, Polish Col. Asst Military Attaché in Brussels (1970-1971). Clipping: 1970. His arrest.
8. Boris Savitch, in Brussels. Arrested 25 March, 1970, expelled April (possibly exchanged). Spy plot; Savitch’s arrest and expulsion.
9. Various cases: in Iceland, at Baltic base. Clipping: 1963. Soviet spying in Iceland, Norway, and a West German Baltic base.
10. Suppression of British film on NATO (1969). Clipping: 1969. Suppression of a Tyne-Tees television film on NATO.
11. Francis Roussilhe, in Brussels (1969); sentenced to 20 years, in Paris 20/1/71. Clippings: 1971. His arrest; trial; sentencing; arrest of seven others for spying for Rumania.
12. Cmdr. Robert Keundiger, West German Navy, defected to East. Clipping: May 1969. His disappearance.
13. Defection of Major H. J. Kruse (1969). Clippings: 1969-1971. His defection to East Germany; return to West Germany in 1970
14. Unnamed defector ‘blows’ NATO spy ring. Clipping: 1969. The round-up of alleged spies.
15. Arrests outside Germany: Italy, Switzerland, Denmark, and Sweden (1968-1969).
16. Ehrenfried Petras, Dr. Peter Möbius, Dr. Herbert Patzelt (1968). Scientists defect to East Germany. Clippings: 1968-1969.
17. Nihat Imre, Turkish NATO official (1968). Clippings: 1968-1969. His arrest; Kim Philby’s possible organization of Soviet espionage within NATO; suicide of two West German officials: General Wendland (#2 in German Secret Service), and Admiral Luedke; unrelated clipping on the conviction of an unnamed Syrian in Turkey for spying for Russia.
18. Admiral Luedke, General Wendland, and others. Clippings: 1968, undated. Their deaths; resulting fallout: more spy investigations and more suicides; notes on Luedke and others by Cookridge.
19. Germany: theft from Starfighter: Knoppe, Ramminger, Linowsky (1967-1968). Ramminger and Linowsky exchanged 1971. Clippings: 1968. ‘Sidewinder’ missile theft has Cookridge’s notes; more information on the Nabit Imre, Wendland, Luedke scandal.
20. Belgium. SHAPE spy ring, Anatoli Ogorodnikov (of TASS) Clippings: 1967. His arrests; the spy ring.
21. Italy: NATO spy ring, Rinaldi (1967). Clippings 1967, undated. Release of 300 names of Soviet agents in NATO.
22. First NATO spy ring (1967) Pieschel, Suetterlin, etc. Empty Envelope. See East German Intelligence: Mielke envelope: Box 49, Section 3, Envelope 2.
23. Stashchak, Stefan (Polish, arrested in Luxembourg) 1967. Innere Sicherheit article about Stashchak.
24. France. Paris Net (“Concorde”), 1967. Bammler, Marianne and Hans (‘Saxon Cat, Doll’ spy); Herbert Steinbreker/Steinbucher/ or Steinbrzecher, Peter and Renee Kranick. Some exchanged 1969; others in 1974. Clippings: 1967-1977. Spy exchanges; the latest was “Concordski” at the 1977 Paris Air Show. 1964 photo of Herbert Steinbucher found in Box 2, File 23.
25. Spy Ring 1967. Empty envelope.
26. France. Concorde 1968: “Operation Brunhilde”: Soupert, Steinbreker. Empty envelope. See “Industrial Espionage” Boxes 41A&B, Files 15, 16.
Section 3: Defections
Soviet Spies: Defections:
1. D1: General, before World War II. Empty envelope.
2. D2: ‘First’ defector: Boris Bazhanov (Series 1976, by G. Brook-Shepherd, apparently from old book “Avec Staline dans le Kremline”, Paris 1930. References to Trotsky. Clippings: 1976. “First Man Over the Kremlin Wall”.
3. D3: Defections: Alexander Barmine (1937). 1948 (September) article by Barmine.
4. D4: Defections: General Desertions during the war. Empty envelope.
5. First Defector (1928). Gregoire Bessedovsky, diplomat, Chargé d’affairs, Paris. Copy of an article by Bessedovsky, “I was a Soviet Diplomat”, La Page Internationale Paris, 16 pp.; photographic reproduction of his International Refugee Certificate.
6. Bessedovsky, Gregoire. The original carbon copy of article in Envelope 5 above.
7. D6: Viktor Kravchenko (1944). Suicide Feb., 1966, in New York. “I chose Freedom”. Clipping: 1966. His life, and his suicide.
8. D10: Desertions after the war. Clippings: 1948-1961, and undated.
9. D11: Igor Gouzenko (Ottawa, 1945). Canadian Spy Ring. Clippings: 1965-1972. His defection; his later life.
10. D13: Konstantin Volkov, Vice-Consul, Istanbul (1945). 1967 clipping about Volkov and Philby’s involvement after Volkov’s attempted defection: the first sign of Philby’s pro-Soviet activities. ). See also “Philby” Box 58, Section 2, Envelope 8.
11. D20: Valentin Gonzales, “El Campesino” (1948).
12. D21: Josef Josten (1948), Czech diplomat, became Secretary of the ‘Independent Information Centre’. Clipping: 1962.
13. D22: Oksana Stepanova Kosenkina and Mihail Ivanovich Samarin (1948, USA).
14. D30: German Intelligence’s Gehlen ‘turnarounds’: Akhimov, Shaposhnikov, Markin, Tseleyev, Astrachov, Vassilyev, Lysenko, Tokayev (1952 crop). Defections from the Eastern bloc.
15. D35: Vladimir and Eudokia Petrov, Australian Spy ring, 1954.
16. D36: Gehlen’s defectors: Peter Derabian, 1954; Kravtsov-Kovalev, Vienna. Derabian wrote “The Secret World” with Frank Gibney; Doubleday, 1959. Cookridge’s biographical notes about these defectors, their activities and contacts.
17. D40: Dr. A. F. Biryukov, in Hull. Clipping: 1957. His defection.
18. D45: Dr. Jan Maier, Czech diplomat in Teheran (1958? In London). Clippings: May, 1959.
19. D46: Lt. Col. Siegfried Dombrowski (1958); gave list of agents, including Capt. Ludwig. Empty envelope. See Box 35, File 6.
20. D50: Paul Monat (1959); defected in Vienna. Clipping: 1962. Monat’s spying activities in Washington, DC.
21. D51: Capt. and Nina Dmitriev, London, 1958. Clipping: 1959. Mrs. Dmitriev’s refusal to return to Russia after her husband’s recall to Moscow.
22. D55: Col. Michal Goleniewski, connected with Skarbek, Poland, naval case, 1960. Clippings: 1961-1964, undated. Articles about Goleniewski; notes by Cookridge on“The Espionage Establishment” by D. Wise and T.B. Rose (McMaster Call #: UB 270.W56); also note about G. Richards’s book “Imperial Agent: The Goleniewski-Romanov Case.” See also Vassall/Mikhalski, Box 55, Section 8, Envelope 2.
23. D56: Gunther Siegewasser, son of the State Secretary in the East Berlin Ministry for Church Affairs, and Horst Durban, reporter for the Communist television service (1960).
24. D57: Penkovsky. Clipping: 1965-1976. Penkovsky; his memoirs. See also Wynne, British Secret Service, Box 42B, File 26.
25. D58: Scientist Lenchevsky, London, 1961.
26. D59: Viktor Stizhko, Russian skipper, left in Gibraltar, 1961.
27. D61: Judge Horst Hetzar, Berlin, 1961. Defected with his family.
28. D62: Ignat Ovsyannikov, 1961, London. Defected with his British wife.
29. D63: Rudolph Nuryev, ballet dancer, Paris, 1961. Clippings: 1961-1963. His fears of abduction by Russian agents; branding as a traitor by the Russian authorities.
30. Anatoly Dolnytzin, 1962-1963. Empty envelope. See Vassall, and German Intelligence: Gehlen’s agents, Box 55, Section 8, Envelope 2.
31. D65: Gunther Männel, Berlin, June 1961. Clipping of his identity card under the alias “Lange”.
32. D66: Anatoli Dolnitsin, 1962. Clippings: 1963-1968. His defection; notes (Cookridge) from “The Espionage Establishment” q.v. See also Philby, Box 58, Section 2.
33. D67: Jerzy Bryn, 1962, Polish diplomat.
34. D70: Konstantin Silkov, seaman, defected in 1963 at King’s Lynn.
35. D71: Yuri Krotkov; defected 1963 in London. Wrote book. Clipping: 1970. Article by Krotkov about his life in the KGB.
36. D75: Svetlana Ushikova, 1963, Guinea. Her defection; Russian attempts to force her back to the Soviet Union.
37. D76: Dr. Manfred Waechter, defected 1964 in Grimsby.
38. D77: Yuri Asseyev, professor, defected 1964, USA. His attempted suicide.
39. D78: Yuri Nossenko, aide to Tsarapin; defected 1964 in Geneva. Kept 3 years in solitary confinement by the CIA because he was believed not to be genuine. Appeared in 1975 on BBC1-TV. Clippings: 1964-1976. His defection; BBC experience, and his comments about the KGB.
40. D79: Cecil Sharpley, former member of the Australian Communist Party. Clippings: undated. Methods by which Communists control trade unions; defection of ‘Mr. Rosa’ of the Czech embassy staff in London, and his wife.
41. D83: Major Laszlo Szabo, Hungarian Intelligence, 1965. Hungarian students sent to London, Clipping: 1967. Attempts to plant spies in British universities.
42. D84: Leonid Vladimirov, journalist, defected in London, 1966. Wife’s planned visit to him in England; her apparent ambivalence.
43. D85: Wladyslaw Tykocinski. RFE typescript: July, 1966. His defection to Germany; his opinions on matters concerning the Soviet Union.
44. D90: Leonid Vladimirov Finkelstein, editor, defected June 1966 in London. Report of his open letter to Kosygin to get his family to join him in London.
45. D92: Olga Farmanovskaya, defected in Beirut, Lebanon, 1966; widow of officer executed after Penkovsky case.
46. Ivan Dmitriyevich Mikheyev, defected in London, 1967, returned to USSR autumn, 1969. Clippings: 1968-1969.
47. D96: Aziz Ulug-Zare, defected in New Delhi, 1967. Clippings: 1967-1968. His defection; himself; description of the Institute of Oriental Languages in Moscow, 1968.
48. D98: Tkachenko, 1967; Lyalin connection, 1972. A foiled Russian attempt to abduct him; poison administered to him at the Russian embassy; his ?enforced return to Russia, because they had the antidote.
49. D99: General, but see German Intelligence: Gehlen. 1967: Clipping: 1967.
50. D100: Gen. Sejna, defected to the USA, 1968. Probably gave away NATO traitors Ludke, Turk, etc. Clippings: 1968-1975. His defection; resulting deaths and resignations in Czechoslovakia; his revelations of Soviet plans.
51. D103: Arkady Belinkov (writer, London, 1968); accuses KGB of assassination attempt. Clipping: 1970. KGB attempt; his death later in the year.
52. D104 Nicolai Sharegin, London, 1969. Clippings: 1969-1970. His detention in Russia; trial; sentencing; attempts to return to Britain.
53. D105: Rupert Sigl (Berlin, 1969). Clipping: 1969.
54. D106: Frau Wieczorek, in Germany (wife of Hand Wieczorek). Clipping: 1969. See also D112 below.
55. D107: Unnamed Czech official, who defected in Austria and smashed the Soviet spy ring in West Germany. (1969). Clipping: 1969.
56. D108: Hungarian defectors in London, 1969: Miklos Szakats, Geza Partos. Clippings: 1969 Szakats and his wife; Partos and his family.
57. D109: “Broz”, Head of CSR Passport department, hiding in London. Clipping: 1969.
58. D110: Anatoly Kuznetsov.(1969). Clippings: 1969-1970. His defection; Andrei Amalrik’s denial of being an informer for the KGB, after he wrote an open letter to Kuznetsov.
59. D111: Eugene Sleptzov (1969), Trade Delegate in London (returned to the Soviet Union).
60. D112: Fritz Guhre in Germany; reported January 1970. He betrayed Lindner, Schultz, WiedemannClippings: 1970. His defection; the spy rings he revealed. See also D106 above.
61. Russians, General. Clippings 1959-1978. Cookridge’s notes about Goleniewski, Runge, Sütterlin, Lyalin, and Frolic.
62. East Bloc, General. Clippings: 1973-1978, and undated. Defections from Eastern Bloc countries, except Germany and Poland.
63. Polish, General. Clippings: 1974-1977.
64. Mikhail Baryshnikov. Clippings: 1974. His defection in Canada.
65. Viktor Korchnoy. Clippings: 1976.
66. Athletes. Clippings: 1972-1976. The return of Nemtsanov, a young diver.
67. British Intelligence ‘Anti-Terrorist’ Counter-espionage reports on Georgi Markov, the Hungarian defector who was stabbed in London by a poisoned umbrella. Clippings: 1978. Markov’s death; subsequent investigations; accusations of murder against Bulgarian agents; the death of Vladimir Simeonov by the same means.
68. General Ion Pacepa (1978), Deputy Chief of Romanian Intelligence. Clipping: 1978. Purge at the top level in Romania; Pacepa’s defection; its aftermath in the Romanian government.
69 Arkady Shevchenko (1978) Deputy Secretary General of the United Nations. Clipping: 1978. His defection; its aftermath: his wife’s suicide, his involvement with a call-girl.
70. Svetozar Simko, Czech journalist at “Ceteka”, and self-confessed agent of Czechoslovak Military Intelligence Clipping: Feb. 1977. His defection; exposure of an East European espionage network.
71. Vladimir Bukovsky. Clipping: Dec. 1976. Exchange for Chilean Luis Corvalan; Bukovsky’s reaction to his release; the reaction of Western Communist parties. See also: Soviet Dissidents, Box 54, Section 1, Envelope 11.
72. Viktor Ivanovich Belenkov (1976). Soviet airman who brought his MiG 25 to Japan and asked for asylum in the USA. Clippings: 1976-1977. Defection with his MiG 25 ‘Foxbat’ aircraft; his asylum in the USA; unrelated clipping about a Russian Army pilot, Ivanovich Zochimov, defecting to Persia.
73. General, in West Germany. Mentioned: Col. Heim, Lt. Fleischer, Golitzin, Szabo. Empty Envelope.
74. Lt. Yevgeny Lvoich, pilot of SU-7 in W. Germany. Clipping: May, 1973.
75. France/Britain. Anatoli Fedoseyev. Missile expert, defected at Paris Airshow (1971), came to Britain. Clippings: 1971. His defection; articles about Soviet Science.
76. Clippings: 1971. Lives of high-level Soviet defectors.
77. Alexey Myagkov, escaped 1974 in Berlin to the British. He revealed NATO spying, wrote book ‘Inside the KGB’ (1976). Was a Captain in the KGB in East Germany. Clippings: 1976-1977, and undated.
78. JiÍi Mladek, Czech diplomat in USA (1970).
79. Yuri Bazmenov, defected in New Delhi (1970).
80. Cuban Intelligence Chief defects in London. Clipping: 1971. His exposure of Cuban ‘liberation’ movements.
81. Lt. Col. Ivan Popov. Clipping: 1970. Attempted abduction after defection.
Section 4: Soviet Spy Exchanges
1. Article in Daily Telegraph Magazine . Empty envelope. See Box 19, File 27.
2. Agents, Exchanges. Clippings: 1969. Cookridge’s notes about spy exchanges, 1933-1969.
3. J. B. Donovan. Clippings: 1970. Bill Donovan’s obit; photocopies of a 1969 August series of telexes on Donovan. Cookridge’s notes on Donovan, who arranged the Abel/Powers spy exchange.
4. Dr. Wolfgang Vogel. His address: Reilerstrasse 4, Berlin Friedrichsfelde, DDR. Clippings: 1969-1978. Dr. Vogel’s spy-exchange activities involving Gerald Brooke, Gary Powers, and others; Cookridge’s notes about Vogel’s activities, and about his Western counterpart, Jürgen Stange; draft typescript, by Peter Schmitt, 1969, about Vogel; numerous handwritten corrections in draft.
5. Arrests of potential hostages: Ian Turnbull and Jeffrey Futcher (Poland). Clipping: 1970. Young trainspotters.
6. Pending: 1970-1971. Clippings: 1970. Planned prisoner exchanges; draft article by Cookridge on exchanges.
7. Abel-Powers exchange. Empty envelope. See Box 59, Section 3, Envelope 15.
8. Prof. Barghoorn case (1963). Clipping: 1969.
9. Brooke exchange description. Clipping: July 1969. He, Michael Parsons, and Anthony Lorraine were all released as part of the exchange for the Krogers. See also Box 56, Section 4, Envelope 13.
10. Hostages: Karin Heisler, held and released in DDR. Clippings: 1971. Taken hostage; release arranged by Dr. Vogel (DDR) and Jürgen Stange (FRG)
11. Agents: Initial negotiations for Krogers; release of Wilbraham (1966); his release negotiated by Vogel.
12. Loginov: Pretoria, Bonn, Berlin transaction. His release as part of an arms deal with South Africa; Dr. Vogel involved in the negotiations. See also Box 56, Section 1, Envelope 48; Box 59, Section 2, Envelope 7.
13. Lonsdale-Wynne exchange, description. See Box 55, Section 4, Envelope 19; Box 42, Section 1, File 48.
14. John Weatherley (1967) Released during Brooke-Kroger exchange. His arrest; detention; release; return to Britain.
15. Alan van Norman. Clippings: 1978. Exchange for Russian spy, Robert Thompson, arranged by Dr. Vogel ; part of effort to release Anatoly Shcharansky.
16. Anatoly Shcharansky. Clippings: 1978. Attempts to arrange his release; Dr. Vogel involved.
17. Günter Guillaume. Clipping: 1974. Proposal to exchange East German prisoners for Guillaume; Bonn’s rejection.
18. Clippings: 1970-1978. Names involved: Manfred Ramminger, Josef Linowski, Helmut Beichler, Hans-Adolf Walczak, Rolf Dreesen, Liane Lindner, Irene Schultz, Ingelore Ketgur, Marianne Bammler, Rudolph Bost; Cookridge’s notes on a series of exchanges: the Russian spies and the names of those exchanged.
19. Americans. Clippings: 1973-1978. Swap of American Francis Crawford for Russians Valdik Enger and Rudolf Chernyayev; detention of Americans in the Soviet Union.
Box 61
Section 1: United States of America
1. Clippings: 1962-1979, and undated. Lists; reviews of books on MacArthur, Petain, William Friedman, on America in general; probably a news circular about the discovery of North America, said by Russia to have been by Nicholas of Lynne, an Englishman, in 1360; Russia’s former control over 125 miles of Northern California coast; consequent intermarriages; article: “Flag Worship is U.S. Religion”.
2. Clipping: 1957. Article: “The United States: Know Your Friends”; clipping on millionaires and their money; booby-trapped dueling pistols.
3. General articles. Clippings: 1976-1978, and undated. British visitors’ views of the USA; of Americans returning after long periods in Europe.
4. Security. Clippings: 1976-1978.
5. Foreign Relations. Clippings: 1974-1978.
6. Nuclear Power Hazards. Clippings: 1978. Hazards of the American nuclear power program.
Section 2: United States of America: President and Cabinet
1. President/White House: Historical. Clippings: 1959-1964.
2. United States Information Service (USIS), 1960.Clippings: 1960-1964. Press release on the Presidential primaries; November Congressional/Senate elections; release on these elections; 1964 Election Primaries; article by Leslie Stone, entitled, “The American Election, 1964.”
3. USA: “Electing the American President”, by Keith Kyle. Clippings: 1956-1960. The 1960 elections; the 1958 congressional elections; booklet “Here We Go Again” about the 1956 elections.
4. Cabinet; President’s Aides. Clippings: 1960-1975, the Cabinet; the death of Robert Kennedy; Justice Tom Clark’s retiring; his son, Ramsay Clark, nominated as attorney general.
5. Melvin Laird, Secretary of Defense. Melvin Laird and his deputy David Packard (of Hewlett-Packard).
Section 3: United States of America, Congress
1. Politicians’ Wives. Clipping: 1960.
2. Political Leaders. Clippings: 1957-1972, undated. John F. Kennedy; biography of Richard Nixon; Ramsay Clark.
Section 4: United States of America, States and Territories
1. States and Territories: Governors. Clippings: 1964, and undated. The role of State Governors; Governor Scranton of Pennsylvania.
2. Hawaii. 1944 British Survey Vol V (20): 103-106, entitled “Pacific Series I: Pearl Harbor and the Hawaiian Islands”; article written after December 7, 1941.
3. Alaska. Clippings: 1958-1959. Alaska’s admission as a state.
4. Puerto Rico. Clipping: 1974. Puerto Rico’s history, governance.
USA Presidents:
Section 5: Roosevelt/Truman
1. Franklin D. Roosevelt. Clippings: 1971-1976. Reviews of books, items about Roosevelt.
2. Harry S. Truman. Clippings: 1972-1974. Articles and book reviews about Truman; obituary of 27 December, 1972.
Section 6: Dwight D. Eisenhower
1. Installments 1-10, 12, 13, and final of series, “Three Years with Eisenhower,” by Capt. Harry Butcher, USNR.
2. Clippings: 1959-1976, and undated. Eisenhower’s actions against the 1932 march on Washington by World War I veterans.
3. Kay Summersby. Clippings: 1975-1979. Kay Summersby and her book, “Past Forgetting: My Love Affair with Dwight D. Eisenhower”; corrections of some details.
Section 7: John F. Kennedy
1. Clippings: 1962-1978. Kennedy’s death; his alleged linkage to the Mafiosi; an article on his wife; other articles around his life; preamble to Kennedy’s Civil Rights bill.
Section 8: Lyndon B. Johnson
1. Clippings: 1963-1976. Reviews of Doris Kearns’ book “Lyndon Johnson and the American Dream”; series from book; Hubert Humphrey as Vice-President (autobiography).
2. Clippings: 1964-1967, and undated Booklet: “LBJ: Profile of a President”: about Johnson and his administration.
3. Clippings: 1977-1978 Arthur Schlesinger’s book about Bobby Kennedy: “Robert Kennedy and his Times”; Kennedy was attorney-general in the Johnson administration until he was assassinated; Kennedy’s killer; review of Schlesinger’s “Trust in Princes”.
Section 9: Richard M. Nixon
1. Clippings: 1972-1973. Nixon’s election; review of “The Coming to Power” Arthur M. Schlesinger, ed.; foreshadowing Watergate.
2. Clippings: 1973-1974. Watergate; fallout dirty tricks; other facets of the Nixon administration; report that Roosevelt had hidden stenographer taking notes on Presidential conversations. See also Section 1 in Box 63.
Section 10: Gerald Ford
1. Clippings: 1973-1977. Articles about him; his appointees; his visit to Germany as Vice-President, then as President.
2. Inauguration. Clipping: 1974. His becoming President, with Betty as First Lady.
3.. Clippings: 1975-1976. Assassination attempts by Lynette Fromme and by Sarah Moore; other threats.
4. Clipping: 1974. Nelson Rockefeller as Vice-Presidential choice.
Section 11: Ronald Reagan / Jimmy Carter
1. Jimmy Carter. Clippings: 1976-1978. Carter’s election; his appointments to various positions; undated, unattributed biography of Kingman Brewster, Carter’s Ambassador to Britain
2. Ronald Reagan. Clippings: 1975-1977. An assassination attempt on Reagan.
Section 12: United States of America, State Department
1. Ambassadors, Embassies, Consular Offices, etc. Clippings: 1969-1976, and undated.
2. Security: Diplomats. Clipping: 1968. Secretary of State Dean Rusk’s answers to questions about security; no source given.
3. Dr. Henry Kissinger, General. Clippings: 1968-1977, and undated. Dr. Kissinger as a person, and in his official position.
4. Kissinger, accusation of bugging of White House aides, journalists, etc. (1969-1971). Clippings: 1974-1976. Wiretapping allegations also within State Department offices.
5: General. Clippings: 1975, and undated. US foreign policy.
6. Elliot Richardson. Clippings: 1974-1975. Articles about Richardson, who was Ambassador to Great Britain.
Section 13: United States of America, Foreign Relations
1. Clippings: 1959-1976, and undated. American foreign policies, diplomatic relations.
2. Kissinger’s Visit to Moscow (Oct. 1974): Trade agreement and Trade Bill passed by Congress (Jewish emigration problem). Clippings: 1974.
3. USSR. Grain Sales 1972-1976; Dr. Armand Hammer’s business contacts with Russia. Clippings: 1974-1975. Grain sales; political fallout.
4. East-West Relations, 1945-1961. Clipping: 1962. “Chronology of Important Events in East-West Relations, 1945-1961”.
5. Cuban Missiles (1962); threat of Soviet-USA War. Clippings: 1962-1969. The Missile Crisis; part of Adlai Stevenson’s address at the UN.
6. Press releases from USIS, 1962-1965.
7. Foreign Policy Review, 1961.
8. Foreign Assistance, 1945-1961. Clipping: 1962 International Cooperation Administration
Section 14: United States of America, Defense
1. Clippings: 1952-1978, and undated. Military activities in the USA; National Defense section from John F. Kennedy’s 1962 budget; purchase of knowledge; lawsuits; spy satellites; war games.
2. Personnel, leadership and troop levels. Clippings: 1970-1975. Troop level reductions; the leadership of the armed forces and Defense Department.
3. Nuclear Weapons, Programs, and Warfare. Clippings: 1974-1977.
4. Non-nuclear Weapons. Clippings: 1972-1977.
5. Arms sales. Clippings: 1974-1978, and undated.
6. Military Bases. Clippings: 1948-1978. US bases, outside the US; removal of more than 1000 residents of Diego Garcia Island by Britain to allow a US military base in the Indian Ocean.
7. US Intelligence: Military-Industrial Complex. Clippings: 1969. Political cartoons.
8. Sunken Tomcats. Clippings: 1976. Efforts to retrieve two F.14 Tomcat fighter aircraft overboard from their carrier ships, before the Soviets found them.
Box 62
Section 1: United States of America, Business Payoffs, Bribery
1 ITT scandal. Clippings: 1972-1978. Allegations of political payoffs by ITT, including the involvement of President Nixon.
2. Oil. Clippings: 1974-1976. Companies in Saudi Arabia, South America, named, as well as Esso (Exxon), and Gulf; oil giants named as funding political parties and politicians; attempt to sabotage oil deal involving Onassis and Niarchos.
3. Arms sales. Clippings 1975-1976. Bribes paid in relation to arms sales, notably by Northrup-Lockheed for aircraft sales.
4. Clippings: 1976-1978. Admissions by organizations, including the Korean government, that they had maintained ‘slush funds’ for bribery purposes.
Section 2: United States of America, People, Education
1. Historical. Clippings: 1966-1975. Personalia: Amelia Earhart; obituary for Walter Lippmann; a profile of Katherine Graham, CEO of the Washington Post; Harold K. Lipset, detective; undated articles on the founders of Wells-Fargo; internment of Japanese-Americans during World War II; Ambassador David Bruce’s retirement; Malcolm Toon as Ambassador to Israel; departure of Henry Ford II from Ford Foundation; Scott Meredith, literary agent.
2. Youth. Clippings: 1974-1975. “Young America’s Revolution”.
3. GIs and Americans in Britain. Clippings: 1948-1962, and undated. US citizens in Britain, Europe.
4. Wall Street. Clipping: 1962.
5. Crime and Policing. Clippings: 1946-1978, and undated. Crime in the US; criminals; policing articles on the assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.
6. Prisons: Sing Sing, Alcatraz, etc. Clippings: 1955-1962.
7. Colleges and Universities.
8. Negroes, Segregation/Integration. Clippings: 1971-1976, and undated. Integration; school integration.
9. Washington DC. Clippings: 1967. Geographical and demographic description of the city; discussion of the bureaucracy; ‘hidden’ and ‘substandard’ world of the large, local black population, not seen by most visitors.
10. Sex Scandals. Clippings: 1976. Two sex scandals: one in Washington, another in Dallas.
11. Personalia. Clippings: 1976-1978. Reviews of biographies of: Lindbergh, the Rockefellers; Armand Hammer; Averill Harriman; Howard Hughes; obits for Lucius Clay, Wm. Pawley; George Moscone, Harvey Milk, Dan White in San Francisco; also articles: West Point, Shirley Temple Black, Anne Armstrong.
12. Press and Political Freedoms. Clippings: 1976-1978. Overturning of ‘press gag’ rule; jail for newsman’s refusal to name his sources; US Nazis with Supreme Court permission to march through Jewish suburb of Chicago.
13. Sen. Joseph McCarthy. Clippings: 1978, and undated. 25th anniversary of the hearings that he held.
Section 3: United States of America, Vietnam/Indochina
1. Clippings: 1973-1974. Prisoner release in Laos; US bombing of Cambodia.
2. Clippings: 1965-1977. The war in Vietnam and its aftermath; pamphlet: “At stake – The Cause of Freedom”; Cyrus Vance comment.
Section 4: United States of America, National Security Council
1. Clippings: 1954-1978. Activities of the NSC; Zbigniew Brzezinski as National Security Advisor; Cookridge’s note about the National Security agency; 1954 State Department publication: “How Foreign Policy Is Made.”
2. Dr. Henry Kissinger. Clippings: 1968-1976.
3. Clippings: 1976. US Intelligence, Senate Select Committee’s Report on CIA, FBI, Military Intelligence, etc.
Section 5: United States of America, Pentagon/Defense Intelligence
1. Clippings: 1971-1975, and undated. Skyjacking: atomic materials said to be on board; lost nuclear material; costs to Pentagon for legal fees for a whistleblower; East German article by Dr. Julius Mader on the Pentagon Secret Service; his list of dirty tricks, interventions in places where the Communists had interests, etc.
2. (Claims and denials of) Psychological Experiments with convicted murderers, and their possible training as assassins-for NATO?. Dr. Narut’s disclosures. Neuropsychiatric Laboratory, San Diego; Naval Hospital, Naples, Italy; Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory. Clippings: 1975-1978. The controversy around Dr. Narut; book by Peter Watson, War on the Mind: the Military Uses and Abuses of Psychology, on training methods for psychological warfare (McMaster call number: U22.3.W37 1978).
3. Human Guinea Pigs. Clippings: 1975-1976. Test programs: “war drugs”; isotopes, etc.
4. Research. Clippings: 1974-1976. Nerve gas and brainwave research programs; change in command of US army Research and Development, with Lt. Gen. A.C. Trudeau succeeding Lt. Gen. J.M. Gavin.
5. Pentagon-CIA Feud (1973). Maj. Gen. Daniel Graham, Deputy Director D.I.A., appointed Chairman of the Inter-Agency Committee. Clippings: 1973. Feud over power in the (military) intelligence field.
6. Military spying on politicians. Clippings: 1972-1974. Spying on senators, President Nixon and the Secretary of State (Dr. Henry Kissinger).
7. Spying on Civilians (1971). Clippings: 1970-1973. Spying on US civilians; on the staff of an American Forces Network station; other civilians in West Germany.
8. Ellsberg Case (1971-1973). Clippings: 1971-1975, and undated. Ellsberg accused of leaking reports on CIA’s Laos operations and about Vietnam operations; the resulting publication ban, court case, and subsequent acquittal; involvement of Dr. Daniel Ellsberg with John Ehrlichmann of the White House staff; the latter part of the burglary of Ellsberg’s psychiatrist; Ellsberg after his acquittal; another leak from the Defense Department; all this is the beginning of the Watergate scandal.
9. Ellsberg Acquittal (May, 1973). Clippings: 1972-1974. Trial and acquittal of Daniel Ellsberg and Anthony Russo; the involvement of the White House staff and CIA in the break-in at Ellsberg’s psychiatrist’s office; indictment of John Ehrlichmann, Charles Colson, Gordon Liddy, Bernard Barker, Felipe de Diego, and Eugene Martinez for the burglary. Watergate continues.
10. General cost of Military Intelligence. Clippings: 1962-1970. Cost of spies and their activities.
11. H-Bomb Air Patrols. Clipping: 1969. Crash of a nuclear-equipped aircraft in Greenland.
12. Counterespionage measures. Clippings: 1962-1969.
13. Military aircraft, bases, and controls. Clippings: 1973-1976.
Section 6: United States of America, Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
1. J. Edgar Hoover, Director March 24, 1924 (died May 2, 1972). Clippings: 1947-1976. Articles about the FBI; Hoover’s obituary.
2. Hoover’s dossiers on personages; files on high-ranking Americans. Clippings: 1971-1978. List includes people like President Johnson, Jack Anderson, talk-show guests; political opponents of the party in power; American investors in Swiss banks; Averill Harriman, Martin Luther King, Jr., etc; Hoover reportedly kept detailed derogatory files on approximately 48 persons; more than 55 million cross-indexed cards on other individuals.
3. Heads: Patrick Gray, former Asst. Attorney General, appointed by Nixon (May 1972) after Hoover’s death; Quit April, 1973, over Watergate. Clippings: 1972-1978. Information from Gray’s appointment to his resignation; resigned because he allowed Nixon aides to interfere in the investigation; his subsequent trial for improper conduct; report of FBI #2, Mark Felt, on Watergate.
4. Clarence Kelley, new Chief, 1973. Clippings: 1973-1977. Appointment and subsequent acceptance of illegal gifts from subordinates; his replacement by President Carter.
5. Infected fleas for Dir. Kelley. Clipping: 1976. An extortion letter containing live fleas, supposedly infected, sent to him and prominent businessmen; no suggestion as to a possible pathogen.
6. Clean-up after Hoover’s death (1975 ff). Clippings: 1974-1976. Limits imposed on the FBI by Congress.
7. Frank Johnson: President Carter’s initial appointee as FBI Head. Clippings: 1976-1978. Delays in President Carter’s Cabinet appointments because of FBI background checks; Carter’s desire to appoint Johnson was frustrated by Johnson’s ill health; finally appointed William H. Webster.
8. “Dirty Tricks” burglaries (COINTELPRO: Counter-Intelligence Program): Blackmail, Information to and from Employers, document forgeries. Clippings: 1973-1978, and undated.
9. Wiretapping and Mail Interception; Bugging, in general. Clippings: 1966-1978. Wiretapping and Postal Service surveillance done for several government agencies.
10. Against Communists in the USA (Socialist Workers’ Party). Clippings: 1951-1976. FBI action against Communists and the Socialist Workers’ Party; arrest of Susan Edith Saxe, a radical fugitive, in connection with a 1970 murder.
11. American “Ultras”: e.g. the Minutemen, Ku Klux Klan, etc. Clippings: 1961-1978. Reports on ultra-right wing groups, and the often-racist backlash against socialism in any form; booklet from the ‘Cold War Council’ advocating for the Freedom Commission Bill.
12. Against Blacks, e.g. Black Panthers. Clippings: 1962-1974. Black extremist groups, e.g. the Black Panthers, Black Muslims covered in a press release: ‘Black Power and The White Backlash’
13. G-Men, Agents and Informers. Clippings: 1946-1978. Information-gathering techniques.
14. Witch-hunts, McCarthy. Clippings: 1952-1976, and undated. McCarthyism: hunts for ‘Communists’, including Robt. Oppenheimer, Alger Hiss, Whittaker Chambers, Charles S. Lewis, and many others; undated news article about Bertrand Russell’s accusation of FBI ‘atrocities’.
15. Against Students, Hippies, etc. Clipping: 1975. FBI hiring right-wing ‘terrorists’ against student anti-war groups (Vietnam).
16. Atom Spies: Rosenbergs, Greenglass, Gold, etc. Clippings: 1946-1978, and undated. Atomic spies and other nuclear-related matters; list of defectors from the Soviet, including Igor Gouzenko; American Spies were: Gerhard Eisler, the Rosenbergs, Anatoly Yakovlev, David Greenglass, Bruno Pontecorvo, Klaus Fuchs, Martha and Alfred Stern, George Zlatovski, Robert Soblen; attempt to steal an American nuclear submarine.
17. Against American Indians (1973); Fights in the Oglala Sioux reserves (1975). Clippings: 1975. Murder of FBI agents Jack Coler and Ronald Williams by the Oglala Sioux at Pine Ridge, South Dakota; after the 1973 siege at Wounded Knee.
18. Surveillance of United Nations staff. Clipping: 1966. Corruption and spying at the UN.
19. American defectors. Clippings: 1960-1961. William Martin as US defector; Arthur Roddey’s conviction for possessing a classified Defense Department document.
20. Defections. Clippings: 1967-1968. Norman Ollestad expelled from the FBI; Joseph Kaufman’s claim, in Britain, to have spied for the FBI.
21. Trade Unions; the disappearance of Jimmy Hoffa. Clippings: 1975.
22. Surveillance of Diplomats; Bugging of Embassies. Clippings: 1966-1975. FBI’s bugging the embassy of the Dominican Republic; FBI’s breaking into embassies.
23. Involvement with non-American entities and groups. Clippings: 1975-1978. Hunts for Puerto Rican extremists; IRA kidnapping of Samuel Bronfman II; Korean businessman’s gifts to Congressmen; guarding Queen Elizabeth II; murder investigation: Chilean Foreign Minister Dr. Orlando Letelier in Washington, DC.
24. Crimes and Criminals. Clippings: 1974-1978. Investigating the erased Watergate tape; escape of a man on the 10 Most Wanted list; finding a stolen Rembrandt painting by an FBI ‘fence’ shop; investigation of Scientology; search for computer consultant Stanley Mark Rifkin who stole $10 million by fraudulent transfer.
Section 7: United States of America, Kennedy family
1. Family History. Clippings: 1965-1971, and undated. Joseph Kennedy, patriarch; his family and career; US Ambassador to Great Britain in the early years of World War II; article about Edward Kennedy; his political hopes.
2. John Kennedy as President. Clippings: 1960-1975. The costs of Presidential protection; the costs of being President; the process of being President; his life with Addison’s disease.
3. John Kennedy’s assassination and its investigation. Clippings: 1966-1978, and undated. The Dallas assassination; the Warren Commission investigation and others; books about the assassination; William Manchester’s dealings with Jacqueline Kennedy and Robert Kennedy while writing, “The Death of a President.”
4. Lee Harvey Oswald, Jack Ruby. Clippings: 1964-1978. Lee Harvey Oswald, Kennedy’s purported assassin; Jack Ruby, who shot Oswald; Oswald’s time in Russia; interviews with Oswald’s mother and his wife; reviews of Edward Jay Epstein’s account of Oswald; report that Ruby knew Oswald before Kennedy’s death.
5. Suspected Cuban involvement in Kennedy’s death. Clippings: 1975-1978. Suspicions that Cuba was involved in Kennedy’s death; later request from Cuba for investigations to prove they were NOT involved.
6. Attacks on John Kennedy’s character. Clippings: 1975-1976. His alleged affair with Judith Campbell Exner, several actresses, Joan Lundberg Hitchcock, and Mary Meyer; some reports may have been politically motivated, since 1976 was an election year.
7. Conversations with Kennedy. Clippings: 1976; Series from Benjamin C. Bradlee’s book, “Conversations with Kennedy”.
8. Jacqueline Kennedy. Clippings: 1962, 1978. Articles about herself, and her marriage to Aristotle Onassis.
9. Robert Kennedy. Clippings: 1968-1975. His candidacy for President; his assassination by Sirhan Sirhan; extant theories; investigation of the death.
Section 8: United States of America: Secret Service, Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS)
1. Clipping: 1976. INS swoop on a Washington D.C. soccer match to detain illegal immigrants; arrests of other illegal immigrants.
2. Private agencies. Clippings: 1961-1966. Private detective agency’s investigation of the Marquis of Exeter on behalf of the US for communist leanings; arrest of the principal of the detective agency for passing bad cheques; Tomas Biernacki, a Pole, charged with spying in Montreal; a private detective offering ‘debugging’ services in Washington.
3. Assassination attempts: list of recent attempts, and the attempted assassination of Governor Wallace. Clippings: 1972-1978. Plots against President Nixon: 1972, 1974; subsequent arrest of Andrew B. Topping, Edward M. Gaudet and Harold Kenneth Culp; assassination attempt on Governor George Wallace by Arthur Bremer; a ‘hit squad’ formed by the People’s Temple cult.
4. Secret Service. Clippings: 1954-1976. Attack on the chamber of the House of Representatives in Washington in 1954; the US Secret Service and their role in the protection of the President and family, foreign emissaries in Washington, and the associated costs; Secret Service protection for Presidential contenders in the pre-election races; obit for Michael Reilly, President F. D. Roosevelt’s bodyguard.
Section 9: United States of America: Bureau of Narcotics And Dangerous Drugs (BNDD)
1. Clippings: 1973, 1978. Formation of BNDD; analysis of organization; use of cocaine and marijuana at Washington D.C. parties.
Box 63
Section 1: Watergate – Nixon’s Fall
1. Watergate bugging in 1972 Presidential Campaign: Dramatis personae. June, 1972-June, 1973. Attempt to plant listening devices in the Watergate Hotel; in the Democratic National Committee's offices; and names of the Cuban exiles working for James McCord who broke in on June 17, 1962; legal implications for the Nixon White House; denials of involvement by John Mitchell; lawsuit against Democrats over the accusations; Republican attempts to prevent an inquiry; Nixon's successful re-election; composition of his administration; the trial of the original burglars despite their willingness to plead guilty; the increase in seriousness of the entire scheme; the list of names of alleged conspirators.
2. The burglary at the Watergate Hotel. Clippings: 1973. Jailing of Gordon Liddy; involvement of the White House; attempts by Nixon to prevent leaks; attempt to connect Cuba and the Democrats as part of the campaign to re-elect the President.
3. Preambles (before Committee). Clippings: 1973 and undated. Senate investigation; aftermath of the Watergate revelations.
4. Caulfield Group, James McCord (former CIA agent), and depositions. Clippings: 1973. Sen. Irvin at first wanted secret meetings, but finally opened the proceedings; McCord’s story of White House offers of clemency if he pleaded guilty to CIA’s participation; his refusal, since he was no longer a CIA operative; John Caulfield’s ambiguous position as intermediary between McCord and the White House; Charles (Chuck) Coulson’s proposal to break into the Brookings Institution; idea rejected.
5. Jeb Magruder's depositions: Clippings: June 1973.
6. John Dean’s depositions. Clippings: May-June, 1973. Dean’s claims, and Nixon’s admission, that they had discussed Watergate frequently; Dean's provision of documents containing names of Democrats who could be harassed by tax examiners; characterization of other members of White House staff; claims of his good intentions.
7. Nixon's Denial. Clippings: April-June, 1973. Waffling on knowledge about Watergate; determination to continue in office; the first quiet suggestions of impeachment.
8. John Mitchell: Perjury Trial. Clippings: March-April, 1973. Allegations made by Martha Mitchell about her husband; Mitchell and Robert Vesco; John Mitchell’s statements.
9. FBI involvement. Clippings: April-May, 1973. Rejection of Patrick Gray as continuing head of the FBI; FBI search through John Ehrlichmann's safe; information on Hoover wiretaps, including Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.’s telephone.
10. Appointment of Special Prosecutor Cox. Clippings: May-August, 1973. Elliot Richardson named as Attorney General; his nomination of Prof. Archibald Cox as special prosecutor; Cox's assertion that the President is subject to the law.
11. The “Plumbers”: Liddy, Hunt, etc. Clippings: March-June, 1973. Wholesale sabotage operations planned by White House staff to undercut the Democrats and permit re-election of Nixon; miscellaneous information about individual 'plumbers' in and out of jail.
12. John Ehrlichman, H. R. Haldeman, Presidential advisors. Clippings: July-August, 1973. Appearances of Ehrlichman and Haldeman before the Senate Watergate Committee (Mary McCarthy); more dirty tricks played on Democratic Party politicians; characteristics of Nixon's White House staff; their credibility.
13. Richard Nixon: Presidential Campaign vs. George McGovern, 1972. Clippings: 1970-1973. Persons of influence in 1970; McGovern's warnings of wiretaps; pressure by Republican re-election committee in 1972 on corporations to ensure large and illegal contributions for Nixon’s re-election.
14. Nixon’s Tapes. Clippings: July, 1973-July, 1974. Listening devices in the Oval Office; Nixon's refusal to allow Senate to listen to the tapes; Archibald Cox's demand that he release them; the subpoena; continued refusal to release the tapes; H.R. Haldeman's attempt to divert attention; departure of Archibald Cox who refused compromise; threats of impeachment resulting in the tapes being handed over; two missing; peculiar gaps in the recordings; tampering with the recordings proven; a chronological summary of the 'battle for the tapes'.
15. Spiro Agnew: Scandal and Resignation. Clippings: June, 1973-October, 1973. Alleged use of re-election money to make a reception for Agnew appear successful; accusations of bribery, extortion, and conspiracy related to matters before he became Vice-President; a summary of the scandals of the Nixon administration as of 12 August, 1973; Agnew’s battle against indictment; threat of impeachment; resignation, pleading 'no contest' to criminal charges.
6. Watergate Investigation. Clippings: May-July, 1973. Variety of peripheral issues arising from the Watergate scandals; President Nixon's behaviour around them.
17. Watergate Investigation. Clippings: August, 1973. Haldeman accused of conniving at perjury; administration attempts to blackmail enemies; consequences for the Presidency of the situation; Nixon’s attempts to deny involvement in Watergate.
18. Watergate and subsequent scandals. Clippings: September-October, 1973. John Ehrlichman, indicted for break-in at Ellsberg's psychiatrist's office, and perjury; Nixon's brother's telephone bugged; Vesco case; threat of criminal penalties for Nixon if Dean’s evidence is correct; resignation of Spiro Agnew; Segretti's dirty tricks for the Republicans in 1971; attempts to prevent the nomination of Edmund Muskie as the Democratic candidate in 1972 because he was too strong a candidate; Cox fired over refusing to accept a summary of the tapes; resignation of Elliot Richardson, for resisting the President's order to fire Cox; steps toward impeachment.
19. Watergate and subsequent scandals. Clippings: November 1973-April, 1974. Anti-trust case against International Telephone and Telegraph (ITT); Nixon’s attempts to hold onto power; reviews of the persons, and their penalties, involved most publicly in Watergate; Leon Jaworski's appointment as special prosecutor; indictments for Ehrlichman, Haldeman, Mitchell, Chapin; Watergate's effect on international diplomacy. See also Box 64, Section 4, Envelope 25.
20. Subsequent Scandals. Clippings: May, 1974. The content of the tapes; impeachment process; attempt to blame the cover-up on John Mitchell, bypassing Nixon; plea bargaining by Kleindienst; Woodward and Bernstein discoveries; Maurice Stans.
21. Subsequent Scandals II. Clippings: June- August, 1974. Nixon and Patrick Gray; charges of co-conspiracy; Magruder and McCoy; attempt to include Kissinger in Watergate; tax harassment of Nixon enemies; Chuck Colson jailed; named as dirty tricks chief; attempts to transfer blame to CIA; Nixon accused of 'enormous crime'; ITT scandal; Nixon’s impeachment; jail terms for White House senior staff; Nixon finally admits he lied; editorial comments.
22. Nixon’s Resignation. Clippings: 8 August, 1974. Resignation effective on 9 August 1974; Gerald Ford to step in, as Vice-President; professional political obituaries, including: “The Unmaking of the President”.
23. Nixon: Watergate and Subsequent Scandals III. Clippings: 1974-1976, and undated. Jail terms; personalia; Watergate as it affected both domestic and foreign interests; ethical statements by J. Gordon Liddy, one of the burglars; sentences for crimes; apocryphal worries about Nixon’s stability; hint of Nixon’s having an affair; commutation of sentences for some by President Carter.
24. CIA Role. Clippings: March, 1973-May, 1975. Apparent CIA participation and interest in the Watergate burglary, the position of the White House, and the Watergate tapes; putative role of General Robert Cushman.
25. Richard Nixon: Post-Resignation Matters. Clippings: 1974-1975. His financial circumstances; text of his speech as he left office; the charges that could have been brought against him; how he nearly got away with it; chronology of Watergate; political obituaries; 1974 medical concerns-thrombosis; threats to drag him into court as a private citizen, as a co-conspirator in Watergate.
26. President Gerald Ford. Watergate Pardons. Clippings: September, 1974. Pardoning of Nixon; Ford's thoughts of pardoning the other conspirators; storm of protest in Congress.
27. Richard Nixon: Post-Resignation Matters II. Clippings: 1976-1978. His ill-timed visit to China as a private citizen in 1976; Woodward and Bernstein's accounts of Nixon’s last days as President; J.K. Galbraith, Dilys Powell, and other reviews of “The Final Days”; interviews with David Frost; attempts at rehabilitation.
28. Nixon as President. Miscellaneous. Largely money matters, economics, but also appointment of Henry Kissinger.
Section 2: USA-Intelligence Services-Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
Heads of Agency:
1. Richard C. Helms. Clippings: 1971-1977. Head from 1966 until Nixon fired him in 1972; ambassador to Iran after Watergate; testified at Watergate inquiry; possible involvement in Chile, funding opponents of Allende; possible involvement in ITT scandal.
2. William Colby. Clippings: 1973-1978. Scandals arising about Allende’s regime; Vietnam and anti-war demonstrators; and wiretaps before Colby took over; shake-up in the CIA; defense of its operations; attempts to plug congressional leaks; reviews of Colby’s 1978 book, Honourable Men: My Life in the CIA.
3. George H. W. Bush. Appointed in Dec. 1975 to succeed William Colby. Clippings: 1975-1978. Opposition to his appointment, but he was confirmed in January, 1976.
4. CIA. Heads of Agency-Theodore C. Sorenson. Clippings: 1976-1977. Nominated by President Carter, but not confirmed; concerns over his lack of administrative experience; considered ‘soft’ on Russia.
5. Adm. Stansfield Turner. Clippings: 1977-1978. Carried out reorganization of the CIA, dropping 800 positions; complaints about the quality of intelligence provided during his tenure.
6. Headquarters. Efforts to preserve secrecy. Appeals by Ford, Colby, Bush; Ford’s promises of CIA mending. Defense of CIA by ex-agents’ association (David Phillips), and by Right-wing British (Conquest, Levin). Clippings: 1971-1976. Leakage of Pentagon report on Vietnam; attrition of shared intelligence with USA; international concern over continuing leaks and public service disarray in the USA; post-Watergate feeling of a need for a completely open society; defense of the organization by British writers.
7. Reorganization after Investigations and Reforms, by Rockefeller Committee and by Senate and House of Representatives. Ford 'saves' CIA, demands secrecy. Clippings: 1976-1977.
8. President Carter. Clippings: 1977-1978. Carter's concerns over overt publication of secret information on CIA activities; perspective on Carter's apparently helpless position in restoring confidence.
9. Clippings: undated, and 1962-1975. Heads of CIA before 1960; 1962 report from published book on the CIA; CIA achievements, blunders and payoffs.
10. Clippings: 1965-1978. Views of the CIA from the 1960s; reflections on the process of spying in the 1960s; disintegration of CIA efforts during the early 1970s; Karen Silkwood death, with traces of plutonium on and in her body; fear of nuclear extremists getting plutonium; political Left claim that the CIA represents legalized terrorism; assassination of Richard Welch in Athens because his cover was blown at home; CIA interference in Britain, Sweden, Voice of America, front organizations for CIA; predictions for global cooling (1976); interactions suggested between CIA and numerous foreign groups, e.g. the Canadian Mounties; American journalists and the Foreign Office; CIA is even accused of withholding proof of the existence of UFOs; reports of ongoing accusations of misbehaviour; some handwritten information. See also: Box 65, File 4, for Parts I, II of the text from the Pike Report on the CIA (1976). Original newspaper issue, fragile. See also: Box 65 File 5 for copies of “The Yellow Report” (1969/1970) by Dr. Julius Mader of East Germany, listing institutions fronting for (and therefore controlled by) the CIA. Most first-rank US Universities are included, as are banks, and even the YWCA.
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Box 64
Section 1: USA-Intelligence Services-Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
1. CIA2: Early stages. Clippings: 1946-1959. J. Edgar Hoover's concern with potential organization of foreign intelligence matters; areas it might cover; draft of an organization to fight peace-time spying; arguments about provisions; text of Eisenhower's remarks at opening of CIA in 1959.
2. CIA 3: Gen. Bedell Smith. Clipping: 1964. Contention that he erred during the surrender of the Germans at Rheims in 1945.
3. CIA4: Allen Walsh Dulles, d. 29 January, 1969. Clippings: 1953-1968. Dulles as head of CIA; questions of separating intelligence gathering from covert operations; his resignation after Bay of Pigs invasion (1961); reviews of his book The Craft of Intelligence; UPI photo caption (1964) but no picture; obits Jan 31, 1969; Dr. Julius Mader's (1974) contention that Dulles's WWII codes had been cracked by Finland by 1941; that his messages were indiscreet, and might have betrayed officers who wanted to assassinate Hitler in 1944; book review: Dulles: A Biography of Eleanor, Allen and John Foster Dulles and their Family Network.
4. CIA 4A: Allen Dulles. Clippings: 1963. Interview and his own writing, discussing domestic spies in both the US and UK.
5. CIA 5:Chiefs after Dulles (after 1962). McCone. Hughes, Helms,
6. “Operation Mongoose” (Assassination Castro). Clipping: undated. Edward Lansdale, America’s most famous postwar secret agent; not a member of CIA.
7. J. J Angleton, chief who dealt with defectors, and exposed Philby and Blake. 'Fired early 1975' actually resigned late 1974 under pressure from Kissinger. Clippings: 1975-1976. Chief of Counterintelligence until his resignation; decried administration failure to recognize that détente had not worked; compared the contemporary damage done to the CIA to that wrought by a foreign occupation force.
8. NSC check on CIA and other agencies. Clippings: 1966, 1969. Concern by Congress that there was insufficient oversight of the CIA.
9. National Security Council's "40 Committee". Clippings: 1974-1975. Covert-action policy committee which helped to undermine Allende in Chile; battles with Congress, who wanted to know everything that was going on.
10. Leaks from National Security Council (Anderson's disclosures, etc.): on secret arms supplies to Pakistan, and assistance to Kurds. Clipping: 1972.
11. Leaks from National Security Council II: from NSC itself; from CIA; DIA and Pentagon, etc. Examples: policies on India; arms to Pakistan; assistance to Kurds; Middle East. Clippings: 1972-1978. Leaks and theft of secret memos ranging from an account of a conversation between Dr. Kissinger and Chou En Lai to lists of millions of Americans who were on CIA lists; editorial on: 'the Washington Colander'.
12. Cult of Intelligence (The CIA and the…) by Victor Marchetti and John D. Marks: CIA attempts to suppress. Clippings: 1971-1974. Marchetti resigned from CIA; complained of waste, amorality and duplicity; suggested the agency was “turning against the nation”; CIA went to Supreme Court to “gag” Marchetti; British articles about the book that was finally published; British book reviews.
13. Dirty Tricks Department “Plans and Operations” (Wisner, Bissell); also: Copeland’s Vocabulary. Clippings: 1967, 1975. Articles about some of the realities of undercover work.
Section 2: CIA Training and Methods
1. "Funding" in Africa. Ramparts article, undated. Authors: Schechter, D., Ansara, M. and Kolodney, D. as the "Africa Research Group", focusing on "The United States' imperialist penetration of Africa"; Article: "The CIA is an Equal Opportunity Employer", with an explanatory preface about the research group.
2. Clippings: 1976-1978. Articles stating CIA involvement in several African countries: Angola, Rhodesia, and Zaire.
3. Soviet Union. Clippings: 1971-1978, and undated. Copies of "Soviet Analyst" Vol. 1 (1-3), March 2, March 16, March 30, 1972; reports showing Russians American spy equipment and methods; spy swaps; spying charges-in both directions; equipment: planes, missiles, sabotage, radio stations; death of Francis Gary Powers; consequences of his 1960 U2 flight; accusation that Amnesty Int'l is connected to CIA; denouncement of Martha Peterson as a CIA spy; maintenance of defense spending in USA despite SALT talks (1978); interception of long-distance communications by Soviets; TR1 spy jets to be based in Britain.
4. Radio Free Europe (RFE); Radio Liberty. Clippings: undated (before 1963)-1975. Information Services for RFE; 1970's reduction in RFE funding by USA, and threat of closure; concomitant increase in spending by Russia.
5. Spy Aircraft (U2, SR71, etc) in conjunction with NSA. Clippings: 1964-1975. New aircraft designs; drones; loss of a spy plane in North Korea (EC131); the political aftermath; positioning of spy aircraft in Israel, etc.
6. “Liquidations”: killing enemies and own agents. Plan to murder Philby, Anderson (journalist). Clippings: 1975. Plan to kill Philby in Beirut, reported by Anderson; later report that the then White House had once ordered his death because he was leaking confidential information to the public; brief report of CIA’s killing of some of its own agents.
7. Spy Aircraft from Britain (1975)-Mildenhall, Suffolk; Blackbird (SR71), based in Wethersfield, Essex, previously in Lakenheath, Suff., St. Mawgan's, Devon, Upper Heyford, Hunts (NATO air school at Alconbury); also from Cyprus, Hong Kong, etc. Clippings: 1974-1976. Free allowance for US planes flying from Britain during 1973 MidEast war; flights of U2s in Britain; establishment of NATO training school in Alconbury.
8. U2 Spying; Powers. Clippings: 1960-1964. Text of Eisenhower's defense of intelligence-gathering (1960); printed images relevant to the Powers case; op-ed piece by Ian Fleming on US handling of the case; loss of another U2 over China.
9. U2 Spy Plane Loss 1961; Lee Oswald’s role in leak. Clippings: 1968, 1970. Oswald was accused of defecting to Moscow; of carrying information on the U2 plane with him; Oswald's tenure in the Soviet Union between 1957and 1962, as recounted by Powers.
10. Spy Aircraft. US Generals from Turkey detained in USSR in 1970. Clippings: 1970. Plane strayed over USSR-Turkey border; Maj-Gen Edward Scherrer, Brig-Gen Claude McQuarrie.
11. Poisons (Cobra venom) used for “Liquidations”; hallucination drugs used on foreign agents. Clippings: 1975. Clippings about toxins secretly retained by CIA despite an international agreement; Presidential order to destroy them.
12. CIA7: Clippings: 1946-1963. FBI arrests of US Fifth Columnists; wiretap ban; spy-proof US Mission to UN in New York; detection of microphones in US-occupied buildings; security of President Johnson after Kennedy assassination.
13.. Surveillance of United States citizens inside and outside the USA. Coley: "Millions of files on foreigners". Clippings: 1973-1977 Watergate, confusion over who was being 'bugged'; disparaging revelations about the CIA; suspicion of moles from CIA investigating the government itself; proposal for new wiretap laws. See also CIA Investigations Box 64, Section 2, Envelope 26.
14. Assassinations: Lumumba, Trujillo, Diem. Clippings: 1969, 1975. Denials; bungling; investigations of CIA activity; attempts against Jack Anderson; cynicism. See also: Box 64,Section 5, Envelope 2 and Box 64, Section 2, Envelope 27.
15. Opening of Mail. Clippings: 1975. Illegal opening of private mail, suborning of the US Postal Service; admission of opening hundreds of thousands of letters from within the US to various destinations.
16. Using firms as fronts. Clipping: 1975. Multinational firms providing cover for over 200 CIA agents in foreign countries.
17. Drugs-Guinea Pigs, poisoning for experiments; Olson Case. Clippings: July 1975. CIA secretly fed LSD to research biochemist, who went mad and threw himself out of a 10th Storey window in 1953; 22 years later, the CIA admitted its action; the President apologized; the family sued; no outcome is reported.
18. Drugs and Psychological Experiments. Clippings: 1976-1978. Attempts at mind control using methamphetamines, other drugs on uninformed persons; attempts to find toxins which would leave no trace in the victims; then to wipe the knowledge of the crime from the mind of the killer.
19. Organization and Headquarters. Clippings: 1973-1977. Outlines and charts of chains of command; some images of the interior of the building and staff (1977).
20. CIA in Europe. Clippings: 1975-1977. List of names labeled “Hungary, CIA Book”, n.d.; US spies either named (Paris) or assumed (Vienna, Germany, Italy); two lists of American spies published in Portugal; attempts by CIA to interfere in Italian elections, because Communist party might make gains; apparent payments to friendly government leaders, all denied by the leaders; admission by Wm Colby that America supported anti-Communist causes as a way of preventing countries from falling into Communist hands.
21. South-East Asia. Clippings: 1971-1978. Concern about intelligence failures, e.g. in Laos; bungling in Thailand; search for Russians in the Golden Triangle; reasons for America's losing in Vietnam; the CIA in the Philippines and cooperating with the government; alleged loss of a nuclear device in the Himalayas.
22. Koreas and China. Clippings: 1964-1977. Release of prisoners in China, one of whom was a supposed CIA agent; film jammed by North Korea at Panmunjom; attempts by S. Korean President Park to bribe American Congressmen into supporting South Korea's issues; result almost the opposite of what S. Korea wished; undated Xerox of SR71 activity over China;
23. Cuba. Clippings: 1967-1978. Soviet strength in Cuba; abortive attempt to kill Castro; attempt to involve the Mafia in assassination plot; John Roselli was murdered gangland-style in Miami shortly afterward; questions of possible link between the CIA and the Mafia; Cuban exiles as guns for hire; swine fever in Cuba; inability of CIA to stop Cubans in Angola; surveillance flights over Cuba, studying MiGs.
24. Jamaica. Clippings: 1976. Anti-CIA handbill; rejection of CIA and other right-wing influence in Jamaica; trying to prevent deportation of Philip Agee and Mark Hosenball; claim Agee revealed the CIA destabilization going on in Jamaica, and therefore ought not to be deported; Jamaica as a battleground for Right and Left.
25. ITT scandal. Clippings: 1973-1976. Collusion between CIA and International Telephone and Telegraph to interfere in the 1970 election of Salvador Allende in Chile; relationship to Nixon; investigations into the origins of ITT. See also Box 63, Section 1, Envelope 19; Box 64, Section 1, Envelope 9; Section 3, Envelope 7.
26. Ford's Investigation of CIA spying inside the USA; Vice President Rockefeller heading the Investigation. Clippings: 1974-1975. Uneasiness in USA over illegal domestic spying by CIA, especially against dissidents; CIA acknowledged this activity. See also Box 64, Envelope 13.
27. Turning round defectors. Clippings: 1958-1966. Activity at Brussels World's Fair; deserter from Russia alleged USSR tried to put a man in space, and failed; accusation of frame-up by USA.
28. Chinese defector Liao (1969), who defected in Holland. Clippings: 1969. Senior diplomat defected to Dutch police; feared being returned to China to face Mao’s loyalty test; was expected to provide details to CIA of Chinese spy network(s) in Europe; China officially blamed the USA, with the Dutch, for kidnapping him; their refusal to participate in talks in Warsaw.
29. Payoffs I. Clippings: 1967-1975. CIA involvement in student affairs through foundations; infiltration of organizations; tactic seen by CIA as resistance to communist activities; organizations: National Student Foundation, American Newspaper Guild, American Council for the International Commission of Jurists, Congress of Cultural Freedom, American Friends in the Middle East, and others; claims that CIA's involvement had been kept secret for 17 years; questions around CIA involvement with liberal organizations against the Vietnam War; bribery of politicians in France and Japan to buy American military hardware; support of right-wing political groups.
30. Payoffs II: "Encounter". Clippings: 1967, 1974. British magazine 'Encounter' supported by CIA; despite its involvement, the periodical deemed one of the best monthly magazines in politics and the arts; news of CIA money caused the resignations of two good editors (Stephen Spender, Frank Kermode); funding had been done at arm's length; suggestion that an American, Blouke Carus, would buy shares and cover the financial gap between subscription fees and expenditures for seven years.
31. Funding for Foreign Organizations. Clippings: undated, and 1974-1976. RFE’s “Prominent West Europeans to Discuss Problems of Communism”; list of Advisory Committee members; draft document “Inquiry into the Foundations” by Ben Whitaker, MP, on the tax-exempt charitable foundation, whether it is altruistic, and why it really exists; Reviews of Whitaker's 1974 book The Foundations: An Anatomy of Philanthropy and Society, (ISBN 0413272303; McMaster University Library bookstacks HV25.W45 1974b); early CIA funding of the European Movement; accusations that the US actually accidentally foiled freedom fighters being trained by the CIA in some Eastern European; plea to keep secret CIA payments to King Hussein ignored.
Section 3: USA: CIA in Britain and Cooperation with S.I.S.
1. CIA station in London: List of names disclosed by "Red Weekly" Clipping: March 1976. Part of front page of "Red Weekly" # 140, for 4 March, 1976, plus pp 5-8; clippings from same paper report membership of newspaper staff on British S.I.S. payroll; claim that this is supported by Wilson's government; calls by Red Weekly for expulsion of all CIA agents.
2. London station: Cord Meyer, June 1973. Clippings: 1973-1976, and undated. Meyer as agent; motion by some MPs in Parliament to have named 'agents' expelled from Britain; assertion that CIA was spying on British transportation questioned; assertion that extra CIA agents were appearing in Britain to carry out domestic surveillance; expressed likelihood of replacement of all CIA personnel named by Red Weekly because of the assassination of Richard Welch in Greece after publication of his name.
3. Miles Copeland. Clippings: 1968-1975, and undated. Personal letter from Miles and Lorraine Copeland to Mrs. Cookridge (original in Cookridge biographical file); Copeland denies he was ever CIA agent; his view of Nasser, and a $3 million gift he personally took to Nasser from the Eisenhower administration; Nasser promptly squandered the funds; Copeland’s lawsuit for libel against Winston Churchill; attempted investigation and controversy over his book "The Game of Nations" with two heads of the CIA; and his letter in his own defense; opinion piece on Copeland's actual position with respect to the CIA; Nasser accused of pocketing Saudi funds.
4. 'District 62' Naum-Lewis Affair. Clippings: 1970. Comments on CIA's 'paternalistic' role in supporting domestic problems of undercover agent not on its payroll; A. L. Richards' libel suit against Col. A.C. Naum stymied by Statute of Limitations.
5. Station Heads in London; Rolfe Kingley, Cord Meyer since October, 1973. Clippings: 1973-1976. Meyer's arrival; other aspects of CIA existence in Britain; note by Cookridge about 1974 telephone call.
6. Clipping: 1961. Blake did not give away any US secrets.
7. General. Also Mrs. Kerr, MP 1969. Clippings: 1969-1978. Alleged spying on MP; non-CIA fraud inquiry; possible involvement of CIA in Orford Ness project; DIA membership fee paid to the "Housing Centre" a non-political association studying housing and urban renewal in Britain and elsewhere; no official explanation of why the DIA had the membership; apparent bewilderment on the part of the US embassy in Britain; accusations of CIA support of the National Union of Students, strongly denied.
8. Arguedas Affair (1968). Bolivian who took Che Guevara's papers and gave them to the Cubans; left Bolivia in fear of reprisals; was unacceptable as a refugee in Peru and Chile; spent a week in Britain accompanied by a Chilean (?) policeman/lawyer; several inconsistencies in versions of the story; Role, if any, of CIA is unknown; 1976 'Commons Sketch' on a debate on the evils of the CIA/KGB, depending upon whose side one was on.
Section 4: USA-CIA Operations
1. Portugal and Portuguese Africa (also Guinea Invasion). Clippings: 1966-1976. Plane smuggling to Portugal denied by CIA; history of military/economic matters in Guinea; supposed Portuguese-based invasion, with fighting in Canakry; three weeks later, Guinea expelled 92 European 'spies', mostly West Germans working on development projects; relations between Portugal and US; Agee published a list of nine CIA agents he claimed to be up to no good (See also: Box 41B, File 20; Box 64, Section 2, Envelope 24); alleged donations to Portugal to both Left and Right; CIA in Angola with arms airlift; distress over US Senate denying clandestine aid to anti-communist fighters in Angola; effects of Cuban involvement in Angola on détente with the USA. See also Box 64, Section 2, Envelope 1.
2. Rhodesia. See also Series 8, Box 64, Section 2, Envelope 1. Clippings: undated. Note by Cookridge; denial of CIA role in spy trial; violation of sanctions against Rhodesia by US to obtain chromium.
3. Uganda Coup, 1971. The advent of Idi Amin.
4. Spying on Friends (France/Algeria). Clippings: 1961, 1965. de Gaulle; CIA involvement in revolt in Algiers; fuss over US-based, clumsy, low-altitude photo-reconnaissance flight over French top-secret atomic plant; admission: "We spy on our friends, too"; report to US Congress that CIA was accused of a plot to poison de Gaulle in 1960s.
5. Haiti Invasion, 1969-1970. Clipping: 1970. Expectation of war of words between Nixon administration and CBS.
6. Bay of Pigs, 1961. See also Series 8, Box 64, Section 2, Envelope 23. Clippings: 1961-1975. Resentment of rebels over CIA mismanagement of the invasion; text of speech by Thos. J. Dodd on "The Problem of the Soviet Quisling Regime in Cuba and the Future of Latin America." (Original; 16 pp); review of Haynes Johnson's book The Bay of Pigs (McMaster Call # F1788.J6); conversion of battle site into Cuban playground.
7. Chile. Plots against Allende's elections, 1970; Plots with ITT to overthrow him, 1973. See also Box 63, Section 2, Envelope 19; Box 64, Section 1, Envelopes, 9, 25. Clippings: 1972-78. Alleged attempts by ITT to interfere in Chile's domestic affairs and prevent the election of Allende; CIA involvement in similar task; role of Henry Kissinger; President Ford's attempts to contain consequences of CIA operations; justification by Kissinger of intervening in the internal affairs of some countries”to destabilize regimes unfavourable to the USA; opinion pieces from Britain on the disquiet this provokes; charges that Chile’s Foreign Minister was a CIA agent.
8. C.I.A. Operations. Middle East: Arab Countries and Israel. Clipping: 1971. Supposedly secret investigation by CIA of potential upset to the balance of power supported by the USA.
9. C.I.A. Operations. In South-East Asia: Singapore. Clippings: 1971. Expulsion of three foreign journalists from the Singapore Herald which the left-wing government alleged was being supplied with funds by the CIA; five days later, the government revoked the paper's printing permit, much against the protests of the other English-language newspaper; Chase-Manhattan's Chairman, David Rockefeller, threatened with closure of the bank in Singapore unless he cancelled a loan the bank made to the Herald.
10. C.I.A. Operations. Soviet Submarine raising: Operation “Jennifer” Clippings: 1975, 1976. The Glomar Explorer, financed by the CIA, attempted to recover a sunken Soviet nuclear submarine; CIA admitted it had raised about 1/3 of the sub, but said that no nuclear warheads, or the ship’s code books were among the salvaged material; doubts of this account emerged three days later, by 1976 the fact that the CIA had raised enough of the sub was well-known.
11. C.I.A. Operations. Bases in the Bahamas (1971) set up by anti-Castro troops. Clippings: 1968, 1971. Discoveries by British Commandoes on uninhabited islands of the Bahamas.
12. C.I.A. Operations. Dominican Republic-Landing of US Troops (1965). Clippings: 1965-1975. Text from US Information Service on 'Extreme Communist Danger in Santo Domingo'; subsequent American intervention in the Dominican Republic.
13. CIA Operations. In Guatemala (1963); ouster of President Yidigores Fuentes, and Dictator Azurdia. Also 1968 killing of UA Ambassador Mein in 1968. Clippings: 1968, 1973. Item on the murder of Hector Solis.
14. C.I.A. Operations. Secret Interventions in South America: Bolivia, Peru, etc. Missionaries used as agents. Clippings: 1968, 1975. Guevara's diaries and political consequences for Bolivia; Juan Velasco's political and economic turmoil in Peru; CIA role in mutiny and violence; stated collusion between American missionaries and the CIA.
Section 5-C.I.A. Agents
1. CIA Agents. Names divulged by “Counterspy” 1975-1976. Clippings: 1974-1976. Socialist attempts to destroy the CIA by naming agents (See also: Series 8, Box 63, Section 3, Envelope 1); murder of Richard Welch (see also: Series 8, Box 64, Section 5, Envelope 5) as a consequence of such revelations; the CIA had no authority to prevent leakages of names.
2. CIA Agents. Castro Assassination Plans. (See also CIA Investigations, General: Series 8, Box 64, Section 1, Envelope 6.). Clippings: 1965-1976. Accusations from Cuba that the CIA, by 1971, had hatched 6 plots to kill Castro; used Baptist clergy as agents; that President Kennedy and the Attorney General Robert Kennedy had authorized one plot in 1962; Frank Sinatra was questioned by the CIA about their own plot to use Mafia figures as assassins; Assassination of Mafia Chief Giancana in Chicago because he knew too much about the plot; questions about the killer(s): Mafia, or CIA?
3. CIA Agents. Betrayal and Killing in Bolivia of CIA agents and Che Guevara (1967). Clippings: 1968. Items pointing fingers at Castro, or the CIA, in Guevara’s shooting in 1967.
4. CIA Agents. Czechoslovakia, Poland, East Germany. Clippings: 1966-1970. Anti-government satirical newspaper in Prague; expulsion of US military attaché Edward H. Metzger in Warsaw on charges of spying; jailing of Prof. Josef Parnas in Poland for five years after a secret trial; Frederick Eidlin of Rochester, NY, arrested on 'suspicion of espionage' in Prague; as a student, he had once worked for Radio Free Europe.
5. CIA Agents. Control of Greek Colonels' Junta. Clippings: 1971-1974. 'Top Secret' document reporting the connection between the Greek Junta and the CIA; CIA's using Papadopoulos as a puppet; Kissinger apparently told the CIA to stop meddling in Greece; resignation of Henry Tasca, Ambassador to Greece.
6. CIA Agents. CIA in Spain. Clippings:1975, 1976. Station Head R. Gehagen, and list of names. Copy of article from Cambio (214) January 12, 1976: pp 6-11; short biography of Richard Welch, murdered later that year in Athens.
7. CIA Agents. In Sweden (1976). Disclosure in Fib-Kulturfront. CIA agent Bruce Hutchins; attempt at recruiting agent for Angola. Clipping: 11 March 1976 from Red Weekly (p. 11). Report of his attempt to recruit Kenyan journalist Arthur Opot for intelligence work in Angola.
8. CIA Agents. Noel Field; died in Budapest, September 1970. Obit (15 September, 1970); mention in two paragraphs of text entitled International Communist Movement. See also Box 2, File 22, Item 16: studio photograph ca. 1944.
9. CIA Agents. Svetlana Stalin. Clippings: 1967-1968. Defected to the West, but was rejected by the USA, perhaps because of a secret agreement between the USSR and the USA; remained in Switzerland for 'rest'; attempt by Hearst publishers to pay $1 million for her story; eventually allowed into USA, and her story was purchased by Harper and Row with serialization rights by Life magazine and New York Times. See also Box 53, Section 4, Envelope 4.
10. CIA Agents. Journalists as CIA agents, including British: "Reuters Allegations". Clippings: 1973-1976. CIA's admission they sometimes created 'false news' for foreign news media; the denials of fulltime journalists that they were CIA agents.
11. CIA Agents. Ex-agent Philip Agee: disclosures on Latin America. Clippings: 1974-1976. See Box 41B, F.20; Box 64, Section 2, Env. 24, and Section 4, Env. 1. Clippings: 1974-1976. Agee's involvement in helping to influence the Chilean election , his conviction that the USA was interested in supporting the 'ruling classes'; review of his book; further revelations promised.
12. CIA Agents in Russia, including V. G. Kalinin, executed in February, 1975. Clippings: 1958-1975. Arrests of 'spies', either in government or as tourists; of diplomatic incidents; accusations of inappropriate activities by US and Canadian military attaches; detention and harassment of Russell A. Langelle, US embassy attaché; suggestion that the executed Kalinin had been CIA agent.
13. CIA Agents in Australia. '"Whitlam Fall" caused by Governor General Kerr, a CIA agent'. Clippings: 1975, 1976. Internal Australian politics as Labour Prime Minister Gough Whitlam created a constitutional crisis when he tried to get a money bill past the Opposition, and wanted to hold an election for half the Senate; Sir John Kerr dismissed the government; the Village Voice in New York City claimed the Governor General acted on the advice of the CIA.
14. CIA Agents. Joe David Kaplan (1971); rescue from a Mexican jail. Clipping: 1971. Convicted of murdering a fellow American who, Kaplan claimed, had substituted another body for his own, and had left Mexico; the escape was carried out by helicopter. That he was a CIA agent was established, but the claim was he had been 'cut loose' by them after the alleged murder.
Section 6: Investigations by Rockefeller/Senate Committees, House of Representatives
Note: see also: “Surveillance…Opening of Mail”, Box 64, Section 1, Envelope 13; “Spying Inside USA”, Section 1, Envelope 26; Text of the Pike Report, Box 65, File 4
USA-Investigations of the C.I.A. by Rockefeller/Senate and House of Representatives Committees, 1975-1976
1. Spying inside the USA (1974). Disclosures on CIA snooping on American politicians and 'suspects'. Clippings: 1973-1975. Claims by individuals and 'sources' of illegal CIA operations within the USA; breaking its charter; accusation of more than 100 break-ins in foreign-owned houses, US properties during the first Nixon administration; threats of muzzling the CIA; spying on Eartha Kitt after she criticized the Vietnam War; attempts to bug family pets; CIA and Watergate: how deeply was the CIA involved?; almost unanimous vote of the Senate to investigate the CIA in detail; threat of 'Orwellian' technology in NSA's invading the privacy of Americans.
2. Resignation of top officials after disclosure of CIA spying inside the USA. Clippings: December 31, 1974.
3. House of Representatives' Investigations (1975-1976): Chairman, Rep. Otis Pike. See also Parts I and II of published Pike Report in Box 65, File 4. Clippings: 1975-1976. Threat of charges against Dr. Henry Kissinger for failure to produce requested documents; complaint by Pike that CIA tried to discredit him.
4. Chairman Frank Church of the Senate Investigation Committee. Clippings: 1975-1976, and undated. Variability of CIA stories; guilt of agency in contriving murder plots against foreign leaders; need for covert operations; exposé of operation to get rid of Allende in Chile; bribery by Lockheed Corp.
Section 7: USA-C.I.A. Green Berets and Mercenaries
1. USA-C.I.A. Green Berets-Special Forces (1). Clippings: 1969-1975. Connection between Green Berets and CIA; accusations against eight Green Berets in death of probable Vietnamese double agent; trial dropped because CIA refused to bring witnesses; presence of US spies in Cambodia more than a year before the US army invaded Cambodia; attempts to rescue American prisoners from camp near Hanoi foiled as the prisoners were gone; questions about whether US troops were in Laos received equivocal answers, although Greet Berets had been seen; loss of CIA base in Laos; 1976 report on recruitment of mercenaries.
2. USA-C.I.A. Green Berets-Special Forces (II). Articles: undated (probably 1975), 1975. Article about Green Berets as 'the most publicized clandestine army in history'.
Section 8: National Security Agency (NSA)
1. General. Clippings: 1969-1975. Loss of a spy plane belonging to NSA; access to nuclear warheads by 'weekend warriors'; controversy over length of hair; automatic computer surveillance of messages entering and leaving the USA, by the NSA.
2. Cryptography, Coding, Cryptanalysis. Clipping: 1956, 1969. Possible award for American Cryptographer, William Friedman; his 1969 obit.
3. Spy Ships: AGERS (Auxiliary General Electronics Research Ships). Clippings: 1969-1975. Comments on North Koreans shooting down an American spy plane; views of the Pueblo; the gamble these ships take in foreign waters; US air attacks in Cambodia over the capture of the merchant ship Mayaguez; observation of the construction of North Korean subs from spy plane printed images; role of sound equipment in spy war.
4. Spy Satellites. Clippings: 1964-1976. Fears of war; articles about gadgetry in space; the attempt by Russia to shoot down a satellite in space; escalating activities.
5. Pueblo affair, 1968. Clippings: 1968-1975. Boarding and impounding of the US spy ship by North Korea; Russia’s attempts to prevent UN Security Council discussion of the problem; threats against crew; diplomatic fallout; negotiations; 'confessions' required by North Korea; release of crew after 11 months of beatings, poor food, and captivity because a 'false' admission of guilt was signed by the US; the debriefing process; congressional investigation; the Navy wanted to court-martial the captain of the ship for his failure to resist the capture; errors in navigational devices; aftermath.
6. The Pueblo: Commander Bucher's Story. Clippings: 1970-1975. Serialized account July 5-26, 1970; savage personal attack on Bucher in book by one of the former crew.
7."Ivory Coast Affair". Empty envelope.
8. CIA and Vietnam. Clippings: 1968-1970. Early recognition of the endlessness of the potential conflict; infiltration of South Vietnam by Viet Cong intelligence agents.
9. CIA and China. Clippings: 1969, 1971. Interference in the Russia-China border conflict; revelation of routine CIA operation from Laos into China.
10 CIA in Algeria. Clippings: 1969. Reported CIA link to plot to overthrow the Algerian President; article about Frantz Fanon.
11. CIA in Germany. Clipping: 1975. Death of Robert Wood who fell from the 14th floor of a Munich apartment building.
12. In Germany (Berlin Tunnel) (1956). Empty Envelope. See Box 47, Section 2, Envelope 13.
13. In Germany: NTS-Solidarists. Empty envelope, but see Box 57, Section 2, Envelope 1.
14. CIA General, Agents. Clippings: 1969-1975.
15. Murder of Richard Welch in Athens, 1975. Clippings: 1975-1976. Anonymous letters in an Athens English-language newspaper named agents of both CIA and KGB active in Athens, and addresses, telephone numbers, and cover stories (December 3, 1975); Welch shot December 24, 1975; confirmation of agent status by USA; burial in Arlington with full honours; in March 1976, Greek publishers sentenced to short jail terms for printing reports about Welch's murder; the publishers were allowed to pay small fines, and were freed; see also several other references to Richard Welch's murder in other envelopes in Series 8.
16. CIA agents South America: Carlos Evertsz. Trujillo! Asylum in UK, Nov. 1970. Clippings: 1971. Secret agent in the Dominican Republic, Evertsz was accused of complicity in murdering Trujillo's assassins; articles about his background and assignments as a CIA agent.
17. CIA agents: Howard Hunt (Involved in Cuba, retired 1970, and employed as a 'plumber' in the Watergate break-in; 1963: station chief in Mexico; flew with Barker and Sturgis to Dallas before the Kennedy assassination; 1970, looked for assassins of Wallace.) Clippings: 1973-1974. Hunt's testimony before the Senate inquiry into Watergate; op-ed on the assassination of John Kennedy during the Warren Commission hearings; asking where Hunt, Barker and Sturgis were at the time; CIA's 1974 censoring the Senate report on the CIA role in Watergate.
18. CIA and Oatis Case: Czech admission of framing. Clipping: 1969. Associated Press agent and two Czech translators convicted on Czech-manufactured evidence of spying.
19. CIA agents and operations in India. Clipping: 1974. After Allende overthrow, Indian parliament introduced a bill to monitor the flow of secret foreign funds into India.
20. CIA agents in Italy, and bribes. Clippings: January, 1976. Left-wing naming of some CIA agents, reported attempts to fund a coup by a so-called 'neo-fascist', General Vito Miceli; denial by the US embassy in Rome.
21. CIA agents-Middle East. Clippings: 1960-1970. Israeli secret reactor seen by U2 spy plane; US Information Service publication entitled, "US concerned about Mid-East arms race."; Detention of American couple in Bag(h)dad; expulsion of American diplomats from Sudan; CIA tip prevented coup against King Feisal; accusation in Iraq that Egyptian newspaper editor was CIA agent.
22. CIA in Middle East-General. Clippings: 1968-1976. Nasser firing his Prime Minister, Zakaria Mohieddin; jailing of Egyptian war commanders; after burning of El Aqsa mosque, threats of withdrawal of Arab oil to the West; Yasser Arafat's 1970 accusation that the war between Palestine and Jordan was scripted by the CIA; Arab-Israeli negotiations (1970); withdrawal of British troops from the Persian Gulf by the end of 1971; supposed supply of 'girls' by CIA to King Hussein.
23. CIA agents in the Balkans: including Hungary, Rumania, Bulgaria, Albania, Yugoslavia. Clippings: 1961-1966. Albanian spy trial; RFE documents about Albanian spy trials and accusations of being CIA agents; RFE report of executions in Bulgaria.
24. CIA agents-Far East. Clippings: 1951-1975. Amateur activities as a spy in the Philippines; opposition of CIA to American government policies in Laos; ransom fund (1968) for American businessman, Hugh F. Redmond, accused in 1951 of being a spy; political imprisonment of Rosemary Conway in Laos.
Box 65
Oversized material placed in file folders.
F.1 Churchill, Winston-Memorial magazines (Feb 1, 1965): Sunday Times, Daily Mail, Life (USA). Colour images, b&w historical images, some text; "Churchill Digest" (1965) reprinted from the Reader's Digest, and with a foreword by Lord Attlee. published by The Reader's Digest Association Limited, London, 64 pp. See also: Box 36, File 10.
F.2.Churchill, Winston-Memorial newspaper (Feb. 1, 1965): Woodrow Wyatt Newspaper group. Colour images. See also Box 36, File 10
F.3 Crapouillot Issues #5 “Jean Galtier-Boissière: L'Histoire de la Guerre 1939-1945” (Part V of a five-part series); #15 'La Farce des Services Secrets'; #20, ?1954: "Les Sociétés Secrètes". Original issues; condition is fragile. See also: Box 6B, File 16, Item 5.
F.4 USA-CIA: Pike Senate Sub-committee Report. Text published in The Village Voice February 16, 23, 1976, pp 70-92 Part I, "Special Supplement" 'An Introduction by Aaron Latham'. This section is the overview of the frustrations the subcommittee faced; Part II is (February 23) pp. 60-68. Title: "How Kissinger, the White House, and the CIA obstructed the investigation", in the Editor's opinion, the reaction of the subcommittee to the publication of Part I in this newspaper, and of attempts by obstructionists to dilute the findings of the subcommittee as appears herein. The Report was in three parts: Part III is not here. See also Box 63, File 10.
F.5 USA- Intelligence-CIA: The Yellow List: Where is the CIA? Clipping: 1969/1970. The DDR's list of organizations in North and South America, Europe, North Africa and Asia. Produced by Dr. Julius Mader, from East Germany, who frequently corresponded with Cookridge. The list contains the names of almost every top-ranked University in the USA, banks, etc. See also Box 63, File 10.
F.6. British Royalty. Three original issues of news magazines celebrating the wedding of Princess Anne and Captain Mark Phillips. "The wedding of Her Royal Highness The Princess Anne and Captain Mark Phillips, Westminster Abbey, November 14, 1973”. Published by: King George’s Jubilee Trust 34 pp; "The Royal Wedding" December, 1973. Illustrated London News, 141 pp, of which 74 pp is an account of the wedding; "Royal Wedding" November 14, 1973, The Sunday Times, 21 pp.
F.7 British History, World War II: Original Reprint from Paris Match (pp 18-32) undated, entitled, "Cartier, R. Les Cinq Journées qui ont Decidé du Sort de la Guerre". Condition is fragile. See also Box 4, File 2.
F.8 British History: Newspaper Supplement: "One Hundred Years in Pictures" 64 pp, The Daily Telegraph. Condition is fragile.
F.9 United States, Miscellaneous: US Information Service Publications: "Presidential Elections in the United States"(1956), 10 pp; "The American Elections" (1964), 32 pp; "United States History" (1954), 48 pp; "The Great Society" (1966), 37 pp of President Johnson; all booklets.
F.10 British Miscellaneous Booklets. "Attack on Inflation: A Policy Guide for Survival" (ca. 1975). H.M. Stationery Office, 14 pp; "The Agitators: Extremist Activities in British Industry" (ca. 1975), Service to Industry Series, #3 The Economic League, London, 75 pp; Official Programme for "The Royal Tournament for the Benefit of Naval. Marine, Army, and Air Force charities and the encouragement of skill-at-arms" (1962), The Royal Tournament, 64 pp.
F.11 United States. Communism; the Socialist Workers Party. "Healey's Big Lie: the Slander Campaign Against Joseph Hansen, George Novack, and the Fourth International" (1976), The National Education Department, Socialist Workers Party, New York, 87 pp. Original newsprint magazine.
F.12 USSR-Soviet European Satellites. Stowe, L."Conquest By Terror" (ca. 1962). Reader's Digest Condensed Books (British); excision and binding of pp 105-151 inclusive. See also Box 51, Section 5, File 1 ff.
F.13 Romania/Rumania. English Language Travel Brochure. No date, 22 pp..
F.14 Leaders of the Luftwaffe: 1942-1943. Series of one-page weekly articles (#s II - XXV) from The Aeroplane, on short biographies of the principal leaders of the Luftwaffe. See also: Box 48, Section 2, Envelope 19.
F.15 "Treasure they Buried Again" Material looted by the Nazis, including 'King Priam's Treasure', and the Amber Room from the Hermitage. See also Box 47, Section 8, Envelope 15.
F.16 Times Supplement entitled "Russia" (November 6, 1967), marking the 50th anniversary of the 1917 Revolution. Issue in both Russian and English, with side-by-side translations; 24 pages. Original issue.
F.17 Saudi Arabia: Times Supplements on Riyadh, Jiddah (Jeddah), Oman (1977); advertising supplement on services available to Arabs living in Britain (1977); article on Jamil Baroody of the UN (1975). See also: Box 74, Section 3, Envelope 1; Box 74, Section 4, Envelope 1; Box 71, Section 4, Envelope 7 in connection with advertising supplement.
F.18 "Planet Earth" 140-page, plus 3-page 'appendix' Sunday Times Magazine supplement, individual chapters written by authors with intimate knowledge of the regions. Outlines political entities, leaders, flags, cultures, continent by continent. Publication date unknown, but circa 1971. Note particularly John Kenneth Galbraith's disquisitions on the USA and Canada.
F.19 "Afro-Asian Affairs" Jan.-August, 1975. Journal describes itself as "Private reports and (mostly overlooked) public records concerning policies - and policymakers - of the Third World and about its relations with the Great and the Super Powers"; Covering letter from Jon Kimche, looking for subscriptions.
F.20. China: Magazine articles, 1966-1971, and undated, in English and German. Chinese leaders; military; surveys of ‘Mao’s China’.
F.21 China: Foreign Relations V: news and opinions expressed by Radio Free Europe (RFE) about matters in the ‘Communist area’. Scripts: June 1970-May, 1971. Approximately 50 typescripts of broadcasts by RFE, sometimes more than one per week, dealing with events and opinions in the Communist area, as defined by RFE.
F.22 Brazil: Financial Times article, 1978
Box 66
Section 1: Arab-Israeli War, 1967
1. Prelude: Russia's fear of Israeli attack on Syria; Gen. Glubb believed Russia 'started' war. Clippings: 1967. Egyptian, Israeli mobilizations, pre-conflict tensions, including the Egyptian blockade of the Gulf of Aqaba; the Russian interest in Syria; post-conflict articles about the fight, including Nasser's mobilization calls.
2. General Reports. Clippings: 1967-1972. The background to and the events of the conflict; lessons learned; special report on the progress of the war.
3. The Churchill Report, serialized. Clippings: July 9, 16, 1967. Review of the book on the Six-Day War, written by Randolph Churchill and his son Winston; two-part series from the book.
4. The War in Pictures. Clippings: June 11, 1967.
5. Israeli reports. Clippings: June, 1967 and undated. The progress of the war as seen by Israel; strategy and campaigns; list of Israeli casualties up to and including June 11.
6. Suez-Sinai Front. Clippings:1967. Egypt's pre-conflict movements in Sinai; their defeats during the war; post-conflict truce violations.
7.West Bank (Jordan) and Syrian Fronts. Clippings: 1967.
8. Clippings: 1967. Soviet aid to the Arabs. Soviet accusations of 'inspiration' from the US and Britain for Israelis to fight; proportion of total Soviet aid to the Arabs; approach of Russian warships upon shelling of Suez.
9. Soviet attitude after the war, also US reactions. Clippings: 1967. Plea by President Johnson before the war to the Russians for joint action to control Middle East tensions; caution of Russian policies toward the region in the aftermath.
10. Accusations of Anglo-American assistance to Israel. Clippings: 1967-1970. Lists of arms, equipment in Britain for Israel; denial by US of air support for Israel, or participation in the conflict; Nasser's face-saving accusations of aid from the West; subsequent vandalism in British embassies in Arab countries.
11. Ceasefire-UN Resolution. Clippings: 1967-1968. Various stages in the ceasefire; border changes; US urgings to heed the ceasefire resolution.
12. Commentaries after the Six-Day War. Clippings: 1967. Reviews of the conflict both pre- and post-war; the problems of Israeli-Arab co-existence.
13. Aftermath until 1968. Clippings: 1967-1968. The Conference; Nasser's plans to continue the conflict; Israeli destruction of the Suez refinery in Egypt; life in Israel; the perceived potential for further conflict.
14. Aftermath: Sinking of the Israeli destroyer Elath by Russian-built missiles. Clippings: October 1967. Sinking of the ship; Israeli threat to fire on any Egyptian vessel approaching within 15 miles of an Israeli boat.
15. Heikal’s Story “Secrets of the Origin of the War” published in 1973. Clippings: October-November, 1973. Serial ( Parts 1, 2, and 4) of an account of the War from the Arab side, by Nasser's biographer, Mohamed Heikal.
16. Israeli Anniversary Comments: "Why did we stop at Suez?" (between 1968, 1973). Clippings: 1971, 1972. Israeli comments on the anniversaries of the 1967 war.
Section 2: Arab-Israeli War, 1973
1. Air Battle against Syria, September, 1973; 13 Syrian MiGs downed. Clippings: 1973. Account of the dogfights, and the loss of the Syrian planes.
2. General Reports and Comments. Clippings: 1973. Pre-conflict Soviet ultimatum, the attack by Syria and Egypt, and the resultant fighting, in general terms.
3. Clippings: 1973. Arab-Israeli War, 1973. Articles chronicling the war on a daily basis, from the start until after the ceasefire.
4. The Sunday Times Story. Clippings: 1973-1974. Background and commentary on the war. Book reviews of "Insight on the Middle East War" by the Sunday Times Insight Team.
5. The Sunday Telegraph Story, by Christopher Dobson and Ronald Payne. Articles: 1973. A series of four articles.
6. Churchill's Report in The Observer. Clippings: December, 1973. Two articles chronicling the war, written by Winston Churchill; article in the Jewish Observer and Middle East Review about the lessons, as reported by Churchill, learned by Britain and the US, from the war.
7. General Herzog's Story: "Why Israel almost lost" (excerpt from his book: "The War of Atonement," Weidenfeld, June, 1975, ₤6). Clippings: 1975. Former director of Israeli Military Intelligence; review of the book itself.
8. Arab Reports on operations, losses, etc. Clippings; 1973-1974. Articles include claims of Israeli losses.
9 Israeli Reports on operations. losses, etc. Clippings: 1973-1974. Articles include reports on prisoners, and alleged Egyptian mistreatment of Israeli prisoners. See also Box 66, Section 2, Envelope 26.
10. Israeli Report on Role of Israeli Intelligence (blame for setbacks, etc). Moishe Dayan. Clippings: 1973, undated
11. Sinai Front. Clippings: 1973, 1974 and undated. Fighting in the Sinai, and along the Suez Canal.
12. Clippings: 1973, 1974, and undated. Pre-war air fighting in the Golan area; battling in the Golan and Syrian areas during the war; post-war UN Peace-keeping force.
13. Assistance from other Arab Countries: Libyan Mirages, Iraqi Troops, Saudi and Moroccan troops, etc. Clippings: 1973.Reports of support for Syria and Egypt from Iraq, Jordan, Libya, Saudi Arabia, Morocco, Algeria, Sudan, and Kuwait.
14. Soviet help to Arabs, Airlift of arms, SAM missiles. Clippings: 1973-1974. Assistance to the Arabs from both the Soviet Union and other Communist states. See also Box 51, Section 2, Envelope 4.
15. American Aid to Israel (Arms Airlift), and political aid. Clippings: 1973, and undated. Outline of US support for Israel in supplying aircraft and weapons as well as US Jewish funding of Israel's development budget for the year because of the cost of the war; deployment of US troops, ships to the area to counter similar increases in the Soviet presence.
16. US and Soviet Weapons in Conflict. Clippings: 1973 The use of both American and Soviet technologies in the war is discussed, and the influence of these on the war's progress.
17. Nixon's Alert. Clippings: 1973-1974. Because of possible Soviet intervention in the Arab-Israeli conflict, Nixon put US troops on alert.
18. First Kissinger Mission (1973); USA-Soviet Deal, etc.; Kissinger's Mission to Moscow and the Middle East. Clippings: 1973. Israeli astonishment at news of a made-in-Washington proposal for ceasefire; Kissinger's conversations with Soviets, Arabs; joint Soviet-US resolution to the UN; creation of UN peace-keeping force from nations not involved in the conflict; personalities; reference to Aronson's book on negotiating in the Middle East.
19. United Nations Intervention. Security Council and UN Peace-keeping troops. Clippings: 1973. Talks at the Security Council and the establishment of a UN Peace-keeping force.
20. Arab-Israeli War, 1973. 1973 Cease-fire Agreement. Clippings: 1973-1975. The efforts to establish the cease-fire agreement, and its effects.
21. Hopes and Proposals for Peace Settlement: West Bank, Jerusalem, Red Sea problems. Clippings: 1973-1975. Parkinson's rules for diplomacy; balking of Israel over getting out of West Bank, west side of the Suez Canal; Eban says keeping the west side of the Canal is not an objective; in general, the prospects were gloomy.
22. Geneva Talks. Clippings: 1973-1974. December 1973 talks held in Geneva to try to establish a peace settlement in the Middle East.
23. Israeli withdrawal from Egypt to the East side of the Suez Canal (January, 1974). Clippings: 1973-1974.
24. Kissinger's Negotiations for disengagement with Syria (the Golan Heights).Clippings: April-May, 1974. Notation by Cookridge: 'Before children's massacre'.
25. Golan Disengagement, May-June, 1974. See also Kissinger's Middle East Negotiations (previous envelope). Clippings: 1974.
26. Treatment of Prisoners; Allegations of Torture. Clippings: 1973. Mutual complaints about torture of the prisoners of both sides by their captors. See also Box 66, Section 2, Envelope 9.
27. British and European 'Neutrality' against Israel (arms embargo, etc.); also Mrs. Meir's London visit 10 November 1973. Clippings: 1973-1974. Practical one-sided embargo: Israel had difficulty getting repair parts for its British-made Centurion tanks, but Britain supplied Saudi Arabia with weapons and trained Egyptian pilots to fly British-made helicopters. In the meantime, Russia was pouring armaments into Egypt. There was much debate.
28. Aftermath: Nixon's visit, June, 1974. Visit to Arab countries and Israel; also 'Prospects of Peace'. Clippings: 1972-1974. Contrived welcome for the Nixons in Egypt, some enthusiasm elsewhere; demands from Saudi King Faisal; renewed connections with Syria; Nixon urging Israel to try peace, not war; scold for Arab terrorists for jeopardizing peace process.
29. Aftermath: Growing war danger, 1974-1975. Kissinger's new efforts in summer/autumn after Nixon's visit. Clippings: 1974. Continuation of arms build-up, confusion for Arabs in the light of Watergate; warnings about the Geneva peace talks; Keesing's summary report on tensions in the Golan Heights. See also envelope 28 above.
30. “The Road to Ramadan”. Clippings: 1973. Series based on Mohamed Heikal's book of the same name; secret diplomacy of war and peace in the Middle East leading up to the 1973 war; a review of the book.
31. Aftermath of 1973 War. Kissinger's new tour, October, 1974: Egypt, Jordan, Syria, Saudi Arabia, Algeria, Morocco. Clippings: 1973-1974. His attempts to start small-scale peace talks before the formal meetings in Geneva.
Middle East Peace Talks after 1973 War: (Numbers 32 to 41)
32. Renewed danger of war in Winter, 1974, spring 1975. Clippings: 1974-1975. Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) and their contribution to the prospects of renewal of conflict; process complicated by the November deadline for the renewal of the UN peace-keeping force's mandate on the Golan Heights.
33. Kissinger’s Mission Failure early in 1975. Clippings: 1974-1975.
34. Soviet Desire for inclusion in Peace Talks (Geneva?), February 1975; Gromyko in Cairo. Clippings: 1974-1975. The Soviet Union's involvement in the Middle East war is reported, leading to their efforts to salvage what influence they could regain, followed by peace initiatives.
35. Egypt's attitude, and conditions, Spring, 1975. Clippings: 1975. Summary of Egypt's terms for peace.
36. Israel's unyielding attitude, Spring 1975, but concessions on Sinai. Clippings: 1974-1975. Growing Arab support for the PLO, with resultant pressure on the Israeli-Egyptian positions in the Sinai and Suez; proposed Israeli withdrawals as a price for Peace and Peace Talks.
37. February to July, 1975. Optimism over Kissinger's diplomatic efforts, but recognition of the deep divide that still separated the combatants.
38. August-September, 1975. Clippings: 1975, and undated. Reports of the final stages of the peace process and the Israeli-Egyptian peace accord.
39. Presidents Ford and Sadat in Salzburg. Clippings: May-June, 1975. Items published in advance of the meeting.
40. Rabin's visits to President Ford after the Salzburg meeting. June 1975. Clipping: June, 1975. Rabin's planned visit, with Israel's five-point policy toward a Middle East peace settlement.
41. Israel and the Golan Heights. Clipping: 1975. Account of Israel's softening stand.
42. Egypt: United Nations troops on the Suez Canal; Egypt's demand for withdrawal, July, 1975. Demand for removal of the UN peace-keeping force from the Sinai.
43. Egypt: Agreement of U.N. peace force to stay on. Clippings: July, 1975. Renewal of the UN mandate for a further three months.
44. Middle-East Peace Attempts: Preparation for Geneva: USA-Soviet Proposals, Dayan's Negotiations, etc. Clippings: 1977. Reports leading up to Moshe Dayan's visit to President Carter; the results of that meeting and others leading to the Geneva talks. See also in this Section, Envelopes 31 and following on the 1974-1975 peace process.
45. Middle East Conflicts: Background. Clippings: 1972 and undated. Magazine articles giving background on Middle East countries and conflicts; notes (Cookridge) about the problem.
46. Sinai Peninsula: Israeli Occupation: Negotiations. Clippings: 1974-1977. The problems in Sinai; various peace negotiations; Israeli pullback from the Suez Canal; US monitoring teams.
47. Golan Heights: UN Talks. Clippings: 1975. UN peace efforts, and Syria. See also this Section, Envelope 29.
48. Middle East 1973 Arab-Israeli War. Israeli accusations of Syrian torture of P.O.W.s, especially pilots, after Golan exchanges. Clippings: 1973-1974. Accusations of torture and maiming of Israeli combatants by Syrians. See also this Section, Envelope 26.
Box 67
Israel
Section 1: Jews and Zionism
1. Jews-History. Clippings: 1891-1978 and undated. Jewish history, leaders, geographical distribution and populations; Jews in Poland; handwritten set of notes by Cookridge on the Diaspora.
2. Zionism. Clippings: 1946-1973, and undated. Zionism and its leaders. German maps, in colour, (undated) of Palestine.
3. Religion-Judaism. Clippings: 1956-1978. Various aspects of Judaism.
4. "The Fall of Jericho". Copy of a modernized telling of the story of the fall of Jericho as "The Inside Story of the Fall of Jericho," by John Coates.
5. “History, both Ancient and 20th Century”. Clippings: 1977. Magazine article about discoveries of clay tablets in Northern Syria; account of history of the Sinai in the 20th Century.
6. Israel. Anti-Semitism/Racism. Clippings: 1974-1978. Reports of racism in Austria, Britain, and Israel.
7. Jews and the Holocaust. Clippings: 1968-1978, and undated. Reports of Holocaust relics, personal experiences, a movie about the Holocaust, and its entry into the world of historical fiction.
Section 2: History, Struggle For Statehood, Fighting The British-Hagana.
1. The Palestine Mandate. Clippings: 1970-1978. Reports about the Palestine Mandate and the move to the State of Israel; references to the book: "The Struggle for Palestine"; those involved in the operation of the Mandate.
2. Arab-Israeli Conflict. The Israeli perspective on the 1973 War. Clippings: 1973-1977. The violence; Israel's determination to remain firm; keep the national borders; an article on the roots of the conflict; article on the Arabs in Israel.
3. Israel-Early Years . Clippings: 1956, 1972. New York Herald Tribune article on the eighth anniversary of the State of Israel; 1972 clipping on 'might-have-beens' of Israel's birth.
4. Israel: History of Liberation. (25 Years Ago-1947) Clippings: 1968-1973. Celebration of the 20th and 25th anniversaries of the State. A biography of David Ben-Gurion is part of the 1973 clipping. See also this Section, Envelope 8.
5. Israel/Palestine Fight for Independence: Stern Gang, the murder of Lord Moyne (1944); transfer of remains of his murderers from Cairo to Israel for reburial. Clippings: 1946-1976. Historical/geographical assessment of states comprising the Middle East; the Arab League; Israeli territorial expansion, and 'the 50-Year hate'; Lord Curzon's diplomatic error in 1918 that led to the trouble; 1897 conversation between Baron Hirsch and Theodor Herzl; differing views of 'terrorists'; street named after Abraham Stern (1967).
6. Israel. Jewish Brigade and SIS Friends in Second World War. Clipping: 1973. Report on the planting of a memorial forest in Israel in memory of the Jewish Brigade of World War II.
7. British Secret Service: Palestine; Jewish terrorists. Clippings: 1946-1974. Terrorist activities of the Stern Gang inside Britain (1946); court-martial of Roy Farran; imitation of IRA organization by Irgun leaders, and 1973 obit for Michael Joseph McConnell who served both with the Palestine Police Force, and the Royal Irish Constabulary.
8. Israel. Hagana, and David Ben-Gurion's Memoirs; his death, December 1, 1973. Clippings: 1956-1973. Several articles about Ben-Gurion and his personal history; article about Hagana ('defense'). See also this Section, Envelope 4.
9. Israel. Jewish (Diaspora) Support: Financial Aid, War Donations. Clippings: Autumn, 1973. Reports of huge donations from British Jews to Israel; clamour for airline seats on El Al.
Section 3: Government and Politics
1. Israel, Presidency. Clippings: 1968-1978. Reports on Presidents Shazor, Katzir, Weizmann, and Navon.
2. Israel. Knesset: Speaker, etc. Clippings: 1972. Review of Eliahu Likhovski's book, "Israel's Parliament: the Law of the Knesset"; article on Yisrael Yeshayahu, the Labour Party's choice for Speaker (1972), and the criticism over their choice; presence and purpose of the Soviet fleet in the Mediterranean.
3. Israeli Government. Menachem Begin. Clippings: 1977. His surprise election as a right-wing leader; controversy over his invitation to Britain; comparison between Begin and 'fundamentalist Christian' President Jimmy Carter; [Carter is NOT a fundamentalist…]); card with reference to article in the journal of The Foreign Affairs Research Institute, #16, August, 1977.
4. Israeli Government. Resignation of Yitzhak Rabin. Clippings: 1976-1977. The coalition government's difficulties; his departure forced by the discovery of two illegal bank accounts he and his wife held in Washington; he was fined, but his wife was to stand trial.
5. Israel, Elections 1977. Likud Victory. Clippings: 1977. Pre- and post-election maneuvering to obtain a coalition government. Those involved included Dayan, Rabin, Peres, Yadin.
Israeli Government:
6. Yigael Yadin; Party for Democratic Change (Election, 1977). Clippings about Yadin, the founder of the Israeli army, archaeologist, and leader of the political party 'the Democratic Movement for Change'.
7. Rabin Government, Financial Scandals, Suicide of Housing Minister Ofer. Clippings: 1975-1977.
8. Rabin Government, 1974. Yigal Allon, Foreign Minister, Shimon Peres, Defense, General Aharon Yariv, Information (resigned). Clippings: 1974-1977. Outlines of the machinations leading to the formation of Gen. Rabin's government; his background; the challenges facing him and his government; data on members of his Cabinet, policies; his desire for peace; corruption issues that brought down the government.
9. General Elections, 1973, and New Cabinet, March, 1974. Members: Golda Meir, Yigal Allon Deputy Prime minister, and Minister of Education; Abba Eban, Foreign Minister; Gen. Moshe Dayan, Minister of Defense; Yitzhak Rabin, Minister of Labour; Gen Aharon Yariv, Minister of Transport. Clippings: 1972-1974, and undated. Dissension within the Labour Party; the personalities involved' background to the election; Mrs. Meir's narrow win and the negotiations to form a government; factional fighting in her party; her resignation as Premier.
10. General Election, 1969. Golda Meir, Prime Minister. Pre-election leadership article; election results; article on Mrs. Meir; book reviews of Mrs. Meir's autobiography "My Life", a four-part series based on the book.
11. General Elections 1965. Eshkol as Prime Minister (since 1964). Clippings: 1965-1967. Election results; the personalities and postures of the Israeli leaders.
12. Moshe Dayan. Clippings: 1966-1977. His activities, and his family; political life also covered in above files covering several Israeli governments; two series in envelope: Daily Telegraph series, Parts I, III, and IV; three-part Observer Magazine series based on his book “The Story of My Life"; reviews of the book.
13. Foreign Policy; Abba Eban, Foreign Minister 1965-1974; before that, Minister of Education, Deputy Prime Minister, and UN Delegate. Clippings: 1967-1977. His background; period as Foreign Minister; his family; FBI attempts to wiretap him; his peace initiatives.
14. Yigal Allon, Deputy Prime Minister to Golda Meir, Foreign Minister, 1975. Clippings: 1973-1976. His advocacy of equal opportunities in Israel for education whatever the racial origin of the students; his ambitions to be Prime Minister when Mrs. Meir stepped down; his concern about attempts by Europe to appease "Arab extremism".
15. Leaders and Ministers. Clippings: 1971-1976, and undated. First Arab Minister appointed (1971), Abdul Aziz Zuabi, as Deputy Minister of Health; profiles of the 'hawks' (1972) controlling Israel; book review of "Herzl"; articles on Weizmann and comparison with Churchill; obit of Pinhas Sapir.
16. Foreign Ministry and Service Diplomats. Clippings: 1971-1975. Profiles of Gideon Raphael, Mordecai Gazit, Zeidan Atshe, Yissakhar Ben-Ya’achov, Abraham Harman; book review by Walter Eytan.
17. Foreign Affairs: Ambassadors and Diplomats in Britain: Comay, Rafael. Clippings: 1967-1977. Articles about two Israeli diplomats: Michael Comay and Gideon Rafael; review of a book by Hanoch Bartov An Israeli at the Court of St. James’s, about life as an Israeli diplomat in Britain.
18. Information Service and Broadcasting, including references to Shimon Peres, Gen. Yariv. Clippings: 1968, 1974, and undated. Israel Broadcasting schedule; Arabic broadcasting for Israel during the 1967 War; information service personnel appointments by Shimon Peres as Minister of Information.
19. Menachem Begin; from terrorist to Prime Minister. Clippings: 1977. Review of his earlier activities; the election; his activities as Prime Minister, including ousting religious party members of cabinet; settlement activities.
Section 4: Israel, Political Parties-Opposition
1. Extremist Opposition Groups. Clippings 1972-1977. Activities of Jewish Defense League, Amichai Paglin, Meir Kahane, Avahram Hershkovita, Moshe Levinger, ultra-Zionists and other left-wing, and extreme right-wing groups.
2. Herut-Likud, Gahal; Menachem Begin. Clippings: 1972. Agitation in London over Begin's first visit after his terrorist activities there; his domestic political position.
3. Israeli Secret Service; Jewish Underground against the Government (Rabbi Kahane and Others), 1972. Clippings: 1971-1974. Activities of the Jewish Defense League and its militant leaders, Meir Kahane and Amichai Paglin. Abie Nathan's pirate radio station 'Voice of Peace' The gap between Oriental and Western Jews in Israel.
4. Communists in Israel. Clippings: 1970-1976. The personnel and activities of the Israeli Communist Party; RFE 1970, 1971 publications about 'MAKI', the original Israeli Communist Party; note about Dunia Nahas's book: The Israeli Communist Party. (ISBN: 085664109X; at McMaster University Library: JQ 1825. P373 K683).
Section 5: Israel, Population-Immigration
1. General Census, Living Conditions, etc. Clippings: 1972-1976. Ultraconservative protest at Sex Shop; problems in Galilee with Arab-Israeli tensions; Israeli settlers leaving; life in Israel.
2. Cities, Jerusalem. Clippings: 1969-1978. Jerusalem's History, its interfaith nature, and the weather; current Jerusalem politics.
3. Young People, both Jews and Arabs. Clippings: 1970-1974. Conversations among young Israelis about the effect of the Six-Day War on their generation; the young people of Israel and Egypt; Israel's cure for school drop-outs.
4. Aliya. New Immigrants, problems of settling. Clippings: 1972, 1976. Soviet and Ethiopian Jews coming to Israel.
5. New Immigrants from USSR (1973-1975): (Dissatisfaction, and departure) Clippings: 1973-1978. Reports on some of the problems faced by immigrants from the USSR; the numbers who either did not go to Israel after leaving the USSR, or who later left; reports of those leaving Israel.
6. Religious Problems. Clippings: 1971-1972. The effect of religion on daily life; Rabbi Shlomo Goren and his rulings in the "Langer Affair".
Section 6: Israel, Economics
1.Art, Theatre, Film, TV, etc. Clipping: 1973. Progress in the arts and music in Israel; quaint metaphors, personages.
2. Budget Problems, High Taxes (to pay for war and defense). Clippings: 1973-1978, and undated. Reports on tax measures to pay for the 1973 war, and re-arming. The effect of dropping currency on the budget, resulting in increased taxes and import duties; the effect of inflation on the country; tax dodgers and protests; Observer (May, 1977) report on inflation in Israel, based on talks with Chaim Bar-Lev, the Israeli Minister of Commerce and Industry; reports of labour strikes.
3. Tourism. Clippings: 1972-1976. Israel as a destination for tourists, both pilgrims and vacationers. The effects on tourism of terrorism and continued fighting, and the increased tourism once calm has been restored.
4. Enterprise, Exports, Trade, etc. Clippings: 1967-1977. Israeli chemical industry, shipping fleet; the growth of the economy; British trade with Israel; 1974 cessation of civilian building in former defense installations; retraining program for immigrants; buying 'American Eagle' jets manufactured in Britain, to outdo MiG fighters.
5. Trade Unions: Histadrut. General Election, September 11, 1973. Clippings: 1971-1976. General election of Labour (Histadrut) and their influence on politics; Rabin's problems in 1974 with trade union leaders, and his government's austerity measures; threatened strikes.
6. Bank and Commercial Frauds, Bankruptcies. Clippings: 1974-1976. Financial scandals involving the Israel Corporation, Michael Tsour(Tzur) and Tibor Rosenbaum; the Israeli Defense Ministry, and its suppliers; The suspicions around Asher Yadlin as a potential Governor of the Bank of Israel.
7. Currency Devaluation, Inflation, etc. Clippings: 1975-1977. Trade deficits, high inflation, decline in currency reserves and subsequent devaluation of the currency in November, 1974; results of the devaluation; continuing small monthly devaluations in 1975; severing of the link between the Israeli pound and the US dollar (1976); establishment of relationship between Israeli pound and British sterling, the Deutschmark, the French franc, and the Dutch florin; court intervention when US bank tried to sell Israeli ships to cover a mortgage; 1977 analysis of Israel's economic condition.
8. Oil Supplies from Iran. Clippings: 1975. Reports of an offer to assist Israel with oil, if the Abu Rhodeis oilfields were returned to Egypt as part of the Sinai pullback.
9. Oilfields in Sinai. Clippings: 1973-1976. Reports on Israel's activities in the Sinai oilfields; the financial implications of returning the oilfields to Egypt; oil discovery in the West Bank; labour unrest in the Eilat-to-Askelon oil pipeline.
Section 7: Israel, Relations with Other Countries
1. Israel and the United States (Jews in the United States). Clippings: 1976-1978. US-Israeli visits; Israeli fears of US recognition of the PLO; Jews in the United States, and the Jewish Lobby in the US.
2. South Africa: Vorster's Visit (1976). Clippings: 1976.
3. The UN: Jarring Mission (1971-). Clippings: 1968-1976. UN efforts (Gunnar Jarring) with Israel to halt conflicts between Israel and the Arab countries; Post-1973 War UN events, and the US blocking of a Security Council resolution.
4. UN Organization and Waldheim. Waldheim's visit to the Middle East, August, 1973. Waldheim's efforts toward a Middle East peace settlement.
5. Relations with Arabs. Clippings: 1967-1974. Arab life in Israel; the tensions between Israel and the Arabs outside Israel.
6. With the Arabs after the 1967 War. Clippings: 1967-1976. Arab refugees return to Israeli-occupied Jordan (The West Bank); problems on the Golan Heights; reports of Israeli-Palestinian negotiations; Kissinger's 1975 Middle East peace efforts, and Egypt's rejection of them; Israel as scapegoat for the Middle East wars.
7. Russia (1975). Secret Emissaries to Israel, secret parleys; the Archbishop of Moscow. Clippings: 1972-1976. The visit of Metropolitan Pimer, Patriarch of Moscow, in 1972; Russian moves in the Middle East attempting to improve relations with Israel.
8. USSR and other Communist States. Clippings: 1967-1977. Lenin's anti-Zionist heritage; 1968 anti-Israeli propaganda; anti-Jewish activities in the Soviet Union; secret diplomatic talks; Soviet involvement in the Middle East; Tito’s condemnation of Israels expansionist policy. See also Box 52, Section 5, File 2.
9. Relations with Britain. Clippings: 1967-1978. Anglo-Israeli dialogue; British consular activities in Israel and the Occupied Territories; data on Orde Wingate, British-Israeli relations; Britain's 1973 arms embargo; Britain's Middle-East peace efforts and support of Israel; Jewish life in Britain.
10. Relations with Germany; Willy Brandt's Visit, June 1973. Clippings: 1967-1977. German support for Israel and Chancellor Willy Brandt's 1973 visit; 1977 clipping about a protest at the West German embassy in Tel Aviv.
11. Cooperation with African Countries. Clippings: 1962-1976. Diplomatic efforts with the newly-independent countries of black Africa; Israel-Uganda relationship, and Libya's involvement in their deterioration; Libyan influence on other states to break diplomatic ties with Israel; Israel and the OAU (Organization for African Unity); further loss of diplomatic ties after the 1973 war.
12. Lebanon. Clippings: 1976-1977. Conflict in Lebanon between Israel and Syria/Palestinian rebels.
13 Panama: Visit of Omar Torrijo. Clipping: 1977. Report of Brig. Gen. Omar Torrijo's visit to Israel.
Box 68
Israeli Secret Service
Section 1: Military/Armament: Arms Supplies, Nuclear War
1. 1968 Hijack of 209 tons of uranium ore; Israel suspected. Clippings: April-May, 1977, 1978. Uranium ore stolen from the Scheersberg. Review of The Plumbat Affair, a book by Elaine Davenport and others about the case. (McMaster listing: HD9539.U47 D38)
2. Relations with USA. Reassurance after Nixon's visit, and nuclear help to Egypt. Clippings: 1973-1977. Reports of US-Israeli relations and he concerns after President Nixon's offer to provide nuclear technology to Egypt. Report of the release of CIA documents indicating that Dayan ordered the 1967 attack on the USS Liberty.
3 Military: tension of new war (1974), Arms demand from USA; mobilization and manoeuvres August 1974. Clippings: 1973-1974. Reports on arms from America; the possibility of renewed conflict late in 1973; Worries about the failure of the peace talks and the possibility of further war; Israel's efforts to re-arm in the light of increased tensions; Soviet arms shipments to Syria; Israeli military exercises and war games in late August, 1974.
4. Arms Supplies from the USA and other countries (1974)Clippings: 1972-1976. As a comparison with the 1973 Egypt-Israeli War, the envelope contains a clipping from Vietnam, on the use of surface-to-air missiles. Other reports are of arms sales by the US and Britain; report of arms supplied to by the Soviet Union.
5. Atom Bomb production. (See also Envelope 1 in this Section). Clippings: 1969-1976. Der Spiegel report (1969) about Israel's nuclear program (in German); interview with Dr. Ernst Bergmann about the importance of science to Israel; articles about Israel's nuclear arsenal.
6. Soviet presence in the Middle East, the Red Sea, etc. Clippings: 1970-1975. Reports of Soviet pilots in Egyptian fighter aircraft; Soviet naval squadron in the Mediterranean; multiple Soviet warheads in missiles; Soviet spy satellites; Soviet incursions into Israeli air space and sea space; shipments of arms to Syria and Egypt; efforts to increase Soviet influence in the area.
Israeli Secret Service
Section 2: Military: Chiefs of Staff: Commanders, Generals
1. Defence Forces. Lt. Gen. Mordechai "Motta" Gur, Chief of Staff (April, 1974). He succeeded Gen Elazar after Agranat Tribunal. Clippings: 1974. Biographical data and photos; reports of his appointment to succeed Gen. David Elazar.
2. Special Commandos (Unit 101, begun by Ariel Sharon) “Guys” at the Entebbe Raid, 1976. Brig. Dan Shomron. Clippings: July 1976. Accounts of the raid on Entebbe airport, Uganda, to rescue hostages; information on the commando unit, its personnel, and its history.
3. Military Commanders. Clippings: 1966-1978, and undated. Israeli military personnel, changes of duty, resignations; obituary for Gen Elazar; some handwritten notes by Cookridge.
4. Military. Maj. Gen. Ariel “Arik” Sharon, in charge Sinai troops in 1967 and 1973; joined Herut, accused Meir and Dayan. Clippings: 1973-1974. Reports of his action as a paratroop commander in the Arab-Israeli wars, and his resignation from the army in 1973 because of lack of prospects for promotion.; criticism of his actions in Suez; his political life, and criticisms of political influence on the armed forces; the “Battle of the Generals”; his return to the army in 1974.
5. Army, Air Force, Navy: Description in 1973. Clippings: 1972-1973. Israeli arms acquisitions; display of military strength at 25th anniversary celebrations; opposition to the sale of Phantom jets to Saudi Arabia; discussion of the duration of military service.
Section 3: Israeli Secret Service
1. General. Clippings: 1969-1974. Undated handwritten notes about the organization of the Secret Service. The clippings report Israeli intelligence activities in Egypt, Syria, Persia (Iraq); seizure of a complete Soviet-built radar system from Egypt; the efficiency and extent of the Israeli intelligence system; article on Eran Laor, head of the Geneva office for 25 years.
2. Lavon Affair (1954), including Paul Frank defection. Clippings: 1974-1976. An espionage program discovered by the Egyptians; trials and sentencing of those involved; articles about those involved and their activities after their returns to Israel; Lavon's obituary.
3. Frances-Mary Hagan spy case (1956). One clipping describing her arrest, trial and sentencing as a Syrian spy.
4. Plan to assassinate Nasser, 1961. One clipping reporting an alleged Israeli plot to assassinate Nasser in Cyprus.
5. Kidnapping of German scientists in Egypt and Switzerland, 1961-1964. Clippings:1962-1965. Disappearance of rocket scientists Wolfgang Pilz, Heinz Krug, and Paul Goerke; suspicions they had been kidnapped by Israel. They had been aiding Egypt in rocketry, and had gone there; later attempts at coercion of Goerke's daughter by two supposed Israeli agents; their trials. See also Envelope 6, this Section.
6. Col. Beer Case, 1961-1962; Beer tried in January, 1962, sentenced on 14 January to 10 years' imprisonment; after appeal to Supreme Court, sentence increased to 15 years; died in Shatta prison May 1, 1966, after finishing his book: Israel's Security-Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow. Clippings: 1961-1962. The arrest and trial of Beer on charges of being a Soviet spy; he was betrayed in Gordon Lonsdale's papers; handwritten note on Beer's exposure as a spy.
7. French Gun-Boats' Snatch (1970). Clippings: 1969-1970. The French held up the delivery to Israel of five gunboats ordered and paid for by Israel; further reports on the sailing of the gunboats.
8. Kidnapping of Syrian Intelligence Officials (June, 1972). Clippings: 1972. The capture of five Syrian Intelligence officers: a general, and four colonels, in a Lebanese border raid; demands for their release.
9. Paul John Glover spy case. (Briton as spy for Jordan) 1972. Clippings:1971-1973. Two spy trials: the reduction in sentence for spying of Arthur Patterson; the arrest and conviction of Paul John Glover as an admitted spy for Jordan.
10. Warnings to other countries on Palestinian terrorists.(1973). Clippings: 7 Sept. 1973. Published tip-offs warning of projected Arab terrorist attacks in Holland, West Germany, Australia and Gt. Britain; arrest in Rome of a five-man commando group armed with surface-to-air missiles.
11. Queen Elizabeth II sailing to Israel April, 1973. Clippings: 1972-1973. Passover cruise: ship chartered mainly by wealthy American Jews who wanted to celebrate the 25th anniversary of the state of Israel. Increased security measures for the cruise; the inclusion of Royal Marines, detectives, and bomb-disposal experts on the cruise; route reported to be well clear of Libyan and Egyptian coasts.
12. Cooperation with West Germany (Gehlen). Clipping: 1967. Cairo's Middle-East News was cut off from Britain by a dispute in Bonn over Telex dues.
13. Cooperation with CIA. Clipping: 1971. Visit by the Director of the CIA, Richard C. Helms, to Israel, and discussion with 'Israeli Officials'.
14. Infiltration into the Palestinian terrorist organization (1973). Information from leaders in Beirut. Clipping: August, 1973. Interview with Dr. George Habbash of the PLO supposedly in a plane forced by fighter aircraft to land in Israel. See also this Section, Envelope 1
15. Israeli Security Man takes hostages (1975): Terror scene in Johannesburg (Assumed terrorist attack). Clipping: April, 1975. Hostage incident in the Israeli consulate in Johannesburg. The lone 'terrorist', David Protter, was charged with murder because the siege left 3 dead and 32 injured.
16. Dr. H. Spetter in Bulgaria. Arrested in 1973, sentenced to death in June, 1974, released August, 1974 (secret exchange?).Clippings: August, 1974. Heinrich Spetter sentenced to death in Sofia on charges of spying for the West; mysterious release.
17. Jewish Letter Bombs against Arabs. Bassam Abu Sharif, editor of P.F.L.P. organ in Beirut partially blinded, July, 1972. Clippings: 1969-1973. Letter bombs and bomb-rings in Israel, Iraq, Lebanon, and London.
18. Killing of Al-Fatah agent Bashir Abusheir (aka Hussein al-Bashir) in Nicosia, January, 1973. Clippings: 1973. Death of Abusheir, with blame planted on Israeli agents; in reality, he was a member of 'Black September'.
19. Actions against Al-Fatah, Arab Spies, and terrorists in Israel and abroad. List of victims: Beirut: Hassan Kanafany, PFLP spokesman died in car bomb, with a girl, July, 1972, accused of LOD; Beirut: three leaders, April, 1973; Paris: Khoder Kannou (Syrian) died in October, 1972, Mahmoud El Hamshari died 9/1/73 after a bomb in his flat December 8, 1972, Mohammed Boudia died July 1973 in a car bomb (see this Section, Envelope 21), Dr. Basil al-Kubaisi shot in the street in April, 1973 (See this Section, Envelope 20); Nicosia: Hussein Al-Bashir/ Bashir Abusheir killed January 1973 (see this Section, Envelope 18); Lillehammer: Ahmed Bouchiki shot in error July, 1973 (See this Section, Envelope 20); Rome: Wael Abu Zvaiter shot October 16, 1972 (see this Section, Envelope 20); Damascus: Ahmed al Kafri (Abu Yassar) Saiqa killed in a car bomb, August, 1972; Athens: Moussa Abua Zied killed with a bomb in a hotel, April, 1973. Clipping in envelope is a report on the death of Kanafani in Beirut.
20. Mossad: Revenge Killing of "Black September" members. Clippings: 1972-1976. Counter-terrorism organization formed in Israel; David Tinnin's book Hit Team (1976) (McMaster Library listing: UB251.I78 T56) deals with the assassinations of the 'Black September' group that carried out the Munich massacre in September 1972; letters to the editor about Tinnin's book; report of the release of two of the Lillehammer killers.
21. Killing of Al-Fatah leader Mohammed Boudia in Paris (July, 1973). Died in car explosion; he was an Algerian member of 'Black September'. See also this Section, Envelope 19.
22. Agent shot in Madrid: Baruch Cohen (Moshe Hanan Yishai), January, 1973. Killed by 'Black September'.
23. Mossad: Institute for Intelligence and Special Duties (since 1968). Head until 1974: Zvi Zamir. Replaced 1 Sept. 1974. Clippings: 1972-1973. Cookridge note refers to Observer article of 5 August, 1973 on the murder of Bouchiki in Norway. See also this section, Envelopes 20 and 24.
24."Avengers", "Wrath of God", "Massada"(Department 1001). Clippings: 1972-1974. Articles show attitudes towards revenge and retaliation against attackers of Israel.
25..Satellite Spies in the Sky. Clippings: 1973-1974. Spy plane intelligence; use of satellites and spy planes in the Sinai war (in German); Cookridge handwritten note on Israel's satellite receiving station.
26. Evaluation of Middle East Military strength from 1965. Clippings: 1965-1973, and articles. The military context of Israel, the Middle East, and the Arab world (1965); Israel's defense costs (1968); Israel's arms build-up (three articles by Shimon Peres in the Sunday Telegraph; assessment (by an Arab) of Zionist strength in the 1967 war; arms build-up (1973) with Phantoms for Saudi Arabia and Israel, and Soviet missiles for Syria and Egypt. See also this Section, Envelope 4.
Section 4: Israeli Secret Service
1. Cookridge handwritten notes about the CIA in Israel, and the succession of those in the position of Israeli Defense Attaché in London; historical data on the service.
2. Mossad: Isser Harel. Clippings: 1972-1975, and undated. Biographical information (handwritten and typed) about Isser Harel, who built up the secret service in Ben-Gurion's time; extracts from Michel Bar-Zohar's Spies in the Promised Land.
3. Mossad: Maj. Gen. Meir Amit (Head 1963-1968); succeeded by Zvi Zamir. Clippings: 1968. His replacement as head of intelligence and subsequent business activities; handwritten note with biographical data.
4. Commission of Inquiry (Agranat Commission) into the preparation for and conduct of the Yom Kippur War (1973-1974). Clippings: 1972-1975. Reports of failures of the security service (See also this Box, Section 2, Envelope 4); probing of failures before and during the 1973 war; investigations briefly reported as are interim findings, some recommendations for the firing of three generals, and the clearing of civilian leaders; results of the resignations discussed, and the final report issued.
5.Mossad. Head: Brig. Gen Zvi Zamir, appointed September 1968, former Military Attaché in London (replaced August, 1974). Clippings: 1970, 1974. Zamir as Head of the Secret Service (1970); report of the reception as he was replaced as head of intelligence (1974).
6. Anti-Terror Advisor Gen Aharon Yariv. Attached to Mossad; appointed after the Munich Massacre, 1 October, 1972. Formerly Chief of Military Intelligence, and succeeded by Col. Eliahu Zeira. He retired in December 1973 for the elections, and later served as a Minister. Clippings: 1970-1975. advisor to Golda Meir in matters of military intelligence (1972); eight years as Director of Military Intelligence; his political life; his recall to the military during the 1973 war.
7. Chief "Advisor" Brig. Ysrael Lior, attached to Mossad, and appointed July, 1973, succeeding Yarif (Yariv). Clippings: 1973. Coordinator of anti-terror operations.
8. Mossad: Head: Maj. Gen. Yehoshaphat Harkabi, Professor of International Affairs and History of Islamic countries at Hebrew University in Jerusalem. He was appointed 'advisor' to PM Yitzhak Rabin on 15 August, 1974, probably succeeding Zvi Zamir.
9. Beth Shin: Security and Counter-Espionage Service. Clippings: 1967-1972. Der Spiegel article on "Shin-Beth"; reports of anti-spy activities and as security screeners for Al Italia.
10. Beth Shin Reorganization (and Dismissals) after 1972 Munich Massacre. Clippings: 1972. Aftermath of the Munich assassinations, and the forced resignation of senior security officials; revisions to the organization of the service.
11. Military Intelligence: Sheruth Modiin. Empty Envelope.
12. Chiefs: Maj. Gen. Dr. Chaim Herzog. Clippings: 1970-1973. Biographical article; his response to the Arab oil embargo; obituary and biography of his brother, Ya'akov; review of Chaim Herzog's book, The Yom Kippur War; review of Martin Gilbert's book, The Arab-Israeli Conflict: its history in maps.
13. Security: Embassy Supervision. Director: Deputy Director General, Foreign Minister Avraham Kidron. Clipping: 1972. Increased security at the Israeli Embassy in London as a result of 'Black September' threats.
14. Secret Police; Reshut. Aharon Sela, Inspector General; Shlomo Hillel, Police Minister. Clippings: 1960, 1971-1977, and undated. Hillel, the Israeli Minister of Police, came from Baghdad; clippings report his activities as Minister of Police in the light of his background; changes in policing as part of a campaign against a crime network; clippings on Aharan Sela, Eli Ilan, Mendel King; biographical data on Sela; report on Ilan as identifier of Adolf Eichmann; report on 'Anna B' as identifier of Eichmann (1960); biographical clipping on Mendel King; undated clipping on the death of Avraham Selinger, and Eichmann investigator.
Section 5: Israeli Secret Service-Agents
1. Seizure of M.E. airliner (August, 1973): attempt at kidnapping Habbash, and U.N. sequel. Clippings: 1973. The interception of an Iraqi airliner by Israeli fighter planes who forced it to land in an attempt to capture Dr. George Habbash, regarded as an Arab terrorist; UN involvement in condemning Israel's action; universal press condemnation of the action; defiance of Moshe Dayan and a promise they will keep on trying to capture terrorists. . See also this Box, Section 3, Envelope 14.
2. 'Mad Arab' hijacked Lebanese plane to Israel (1973). Clippings: 1973. Accounts of the hijacking of a Lebanese airliner taking off from Nicosia by a Libyan armed with two pistols, and carrying a Lebanese passport.
3. British 'Spy' David Anthony Kelley sentenced to six years (1974); accused of possessing KFIR plans. Clipping: 1976. Kelley alleged to have been carrying secret plans for an Israeli Kfir aircraft; he had been working on the project, and wanted to work on the plans at home; the appeal was rejected.
4. Killing of Arab Algerian Ahmed Bouchiki, in error, in Lillehammer Norway, 1973. Six arrests, July, 1973; Trial in Norway, January 1974. Sentences: Sylvia Raphael: 5 1/2 years; Abraham Gehmer (ex-First Secretary at the Israeli Embassy in Paris), 5 1/2 years; Dan Aerbel, 5 years; Marianne Gladnikoff 2 1/2 years (released in October); Zvi Steinberg 1 year (released September 1974); Michael Dorf, acquitted. See also this Box, Section 3, Envelopes 19, 20, 23. Clippings: 1973-1974. He had been identified wrongly as a member of the 'Black September' movement; arrest, trials, and sentencing of the six Israeli agents; international condemnation, and Israel's reaction; subsequent early release of some participants, links with other 'Black September' deaths.
5. Eli Cohen Case in Syria. Clippings: 1965-1969, and typed note. The trial and execution of Eli Cohen in Damascus as an Israeli spy. He had worked his way into the upper echelons of the Ba'ath Party in Syria. A book by Ben Dan, The Spy from Israel, is reviewed, and the envelope includes a Sunday Telegraph article and a typewritten note referring to the book.
6. Lotz/Bauch Case. German agents in Egypt. Clippings: 1965-1973. Arrest of seven West Germans in Egypt at the time of the visit by the East German leader. Government upheaval; Lotz said he had sent letter bombs to Dr. Pilz, a German rocket scientist working in Egypt: one blinded Pilz's secretary, another exploded in a post office, killing a postal clerk; other arrests; other trials; biographical data on Lotz; review of the book The Champagne Spy and reader's Digest article by J. A. Elten about the book; obit for Lotz's wife.
7. Soviet Spies in Israel. Clipping: 1972. Report of the arrest of an accused Soviet spy, Hagop Antaryessian, an Armenian.
8. Syrian Spy Ring (1972-1973); Jews: Ehud Adiv, Dan Vered, Daoud Turki, and others. The envelope contains sentencing data on the named three, plus the note that they sent letter bombs to Nixon and Rogers in the USA, and to the Golan Heights Post Office. Clippings: 1972-1974. Report of the arrest of 50 people, both Arabs and Jews, charged with spying for Syria; Israeli reaction to the news of Jews spying for Syria; evolution of the spy ring is outlined, trials and convictions reported, as well as the reasons for persons becoming involved in the spying.
9. Assassination of Al-Fatah Leaders in Beirut, April, 1973; includes list of recent terrorist actions emanating from Beirut. Clippings: 1972-1973. letter bombings; killing of Abu Youssef, Kamal Nasser, and Kamal Adwan of Al-Fatah by Israeli agents directed by Gen. Ahron Yariv; reactions to the killings as revenge for killings on Cyprus are reported; article in German from Der Spiegel; the use of fake British passports was reported, and Britain demanded an explanation from the Israelis; UN response; fighting between Lebanese authorities and the Protestant guerillas.
10. Reprisals after Olympic Massacre, September, 1972. Clippings: 1972. Reprisals against 'Black September' following the Lydda and Munich massacres and other activities; 'Black September' group hiding in Syria; Israeli attacks on Syria are reported; German police errors; Israeli attacks on Arab terrorist bases; warnings that further attacks would result in further reprisals.
11. Yehuda Kagan: imprisoned in the Soviet Union in 1963; released 1973. Clipping: 1973. Kagan's release and return to Israel after 10 years as a prisoner.
12. Baruk Mizrachi; exchanged, 1974. Clipping: 1974. His repatriation and that of Uri Levy from Egypt in exchange for 65 Arab terrorists.
13. Against Arab Countries: General. Clippings: 1969-1975. Reasons for and readiness of Israel to make reprisals; persons spying against Israel; restraint of Palestinian guerillas in Lebanon; disaffected West Bank Arabs; threats against the PLO and Arafat, and increased border defenses.
14 Arab Activities against Israel: General. Clippings: 1970-1975, and undated note. Report of bombing and spying in the Golan, Lebanon, Egypt, the West Bank, and Gaza, and within Israel. The note refers to a communist spy ring working for Syria.
15. Young People as potential recruits. Clippings: 1973. Efforts to make British Jewish youth groups more Israel-centred; article about 25-yr-old Israelis, their attitudes and ideas during the 25th anniversary of Israel.
16. Arabs as Israeli Spies. Clippings: 1969-1976. Arabs spying for Israel in Jordan, Egypt, Holland, Belgium, and Lebanon.
17. Agents in Switzerland (Mirage jet case) Alfred Frauenknecht, Col. Alon, Brig.-Gen. Kain (1969). Clippings: 1969-1971. The arrest of Frauenknecht for the theft of drawings of engine parts in Mirage jet fighters, and their transmission to Israel; his trial and imprisonment; two articles in German; Swiss declaration of the Israeli Military attaché in Bern as persona non grata.
18. Man in Trunk Case (1964). Clippings: 1964. Attempt by two Egyptian embassy employees in Italy to ship a trunk on an Egyptian airliner from Fiumencino Airport in Rome to Cairo; the trunk contained 'Josef Dahan', who was a double agent for Egypt and Israel, named Mordecai ben Massoud Luk. The trunk was reported to have been built by a former SS agent, and had been in use since 1958. The two diplomats, Abdel el Neklawy and Selim Osman el Sayed, were expelled.
19. Agents in Italy: Vittorio Olivares. Murder of 'El Al' man in Rome, April, 1973. Clippings: 1973. Reports of the murder of Olivares, and El Al employee, by 'Black September' member Zaharia Abu Saleh, who was arrested.
20. Agents Infiltrated into Arab Organizations (into P.A.L., Baddawi camps in Lebanon, etc.)(1973). Clipping: 1973. Reports of Lebanese and Palestinian security forces acting against Israeli spies in secret guerilla camps, and in the Lebanese army.
21. Simha Gilzer, assassinated March 12, 1973 in Nicosia. Clippings: 1973. His assassination and the search for his murderer.
Section 6: Commando Raids (Entebbe, etc.)
Israel Against Terrorists
1. Entebbe Raid. Missing Hostage, Mrs. Bloch. British F. O. Intervention. Clippings: 1976-1977. Questions about the fate of Mrs. Dora Bloch, the one hostage not rescued during the Entebbe raid; British efforts to obtain information led to a row between Britain and Uganda; she was reported to have disappeared from hospital. Amin's reply to Britain was alleged to have been a lie; her body was reported to have been found in the forest outside Kampala; at least 20 who knew of her death had been murdered; her death confirmed by an Italian doctor, also confirmed by a former Ugandan government minister.
2. Comments and World Reaction, July 1976. Britain's coolness. Clippings: 1976. General world opinion was pleasure at the success of the Entebbe operation. Negative comments from: the PLO, Soviet Union, Organization of African Unity, and Egypt.
3. Relief of Hostages at Entebbe, 1976. Israeli Commando Raid July 3/4 1976; actual reports and freeing of hostages. Clippings: July/August 1976. Freeing of the hostages; process of the flight and raid, and pre-raid negotiations with hijackers and the Ugandan authorities; welcome of the hostages and the commandoes to Israel; Sunday Times, Sunday Telegraph articles chronicling the raid; reviews of 90 Minutes at Entebbe (William Stevenson) (McMaster Call # DS119.7 .S69); vindication of Israel's tough policy. See also this Box, Section 7, Envelope 2.
4. Entebbe Raid: Israel accuses Amin of collusion with terrorists (1976); Amin's Palestinian Bodyguard. Palestinians join skyjackers at airport. Clippings: 1976. Amin's involvement in negotiations; his aid to the guerillas; accusations of collusions with them; his use of a Palestinian bodyguard; reports of a mutiny in his army at the time of the release of the Air France aircraft which had been hijacked.
5. Entebbe Raid: Amin's reaction (1976). United Nations-Waldheim-African Protest to Security Council over Israel's raid. Clippings: 1976. Amin mourned for the Ugandan soldiers killed in the raid; threats to retaliate; Waldheim's comments; the raid as a threat to Amin's control of Uganda; Israel's condemnation of Amin with respect to Mrs. Bloch; the UN Security Council Debate; Amin's claim that the Israelis attempted to capture him during the raid.
6. Entebbe Raid: British accused by Uganda of Collusion with Israel (1976). Expulsion of Acting High Commissioner and other diplomats. Clippings: July/August 1976. Amin accuses Britain of aid to Israel during the raid; deteriorating diplomatic relations, and Britain's suggestions to its nationals that they leave Uganda; expulsion of the High Commissioner and severing of diplomatic relations; in Uganda: plots against Amin, student opposition to him, attempted assassination of Amin, all blamed on Britain.
7. Entebbe Raid: Uganda-Kenya Conflict (1976). Uganda threatens Kenya; US Naval and Air support for Kenya. Clippings: 1976, and undated (probably 1976). Sale of Northrup F5 fighters to Kenya to offset Soviet and Libyan arms in Uganda and Somalia; Ugandan claims that Kenya was a base for the Entebbe raid; increasing diplomatic strain; US Navy presence off the Kenyan coast; Amin's secret police attacks on Kenyans in Uganda; Uganda grinds to a halt as petrol supplies dwindle because of Kenyan blockade; Amin's plans to invade Kenya; rebellions by Amin's troops; assessment of Kenya and its move from white to African control; peace agreement. . See also this Section, Envelope 6.
8. Entebbe Raid: Amin's Threats of Retaliation (1976) and demands for compensation. Clippings: 1976. Amin's claims for damages from Israel for the raid; Israel's reply; interview with Amin on the raid and his claim that the Israelis wanted to capture him.
9. Entebbe Raid: Film and Book. Clippings: 1976-1977, and undated. Reports of television and feature films about the raid; demand that a Kenyan newspaper not publish a serialization of a book on the raid; undated clipping advertising Tony Williams' book: Counterstrike: Entebbe.
Section 7: Israeli Secret Service against Terrorists
1. 'Liquidations List' of Palestinians: 1956-1976. Clipping: 1977. List of those assassinated by Israeli squads in the period 1956-1977.
2. Airline Security after Entebbe: Israel appeals to many countries and airlines to counter hijacking terror. List of previous skyjacks, etc. Clippings: 1976. Airline security after Entebbe, and Israeli threats to other nations to prevent planes from landing in Israel if they do not initiate security procedures; data on attacks carried out by Palestinian terrorists.
3. Arab Agents in Israel. Foreign nationals arrested and sentenced. Clippings: 1965, 1973, and undated; accounts of Israeli Arab activities against Israel.
4. Army action against terrorists (May, 1973). Clippings: 1972-1973. Israeli Army attacks on terrorists in Lebanon; Lebanese army conflicts with Palestinian guerillas with arrest of outside agents; negotiated cease-fire.
5. Borders sealed against terrorists-Electric Fence. (1974). Border between Israel and Lebanon sealed with electric fence.
6. At sea: naval bombardment of Lebanese coast and Palestinian boats (1974). Clippings: 1074-1976. Sinking of boats in Lebanese waters following Palestinian attacks at sea from Lebanese ports; sinking of another terrorist boat and Israeli gunboat attacks on guerilla bases; seizure of ships carrying arms to guerillas.
7. Bombing of camps in Lebanon (1974). Clippings: 1971-1974. General clippings about Israeli attacks on Palestinian guerilla bases in Lebanon and other cross-border incursions and attacks; involvement of Syrian troops; Lebanese troops opening the border for the entry of Palestinian troops.
8. Israeli Retaliations against Lebanon after the Kibbutz massacres (summer, 1974). Clippings: 1973-1974. Trials in Israel of Arabs captured in Lebanon in a raid five days after the Munich Massacre; reports of Maalot killings and Israel's retaliation on Palestinian camps; other Palestinian raids and Israeli reprisals; concerns over Lebanon's failure to exercise its sovereignty in allowing Palestinian armed militias to use its territory.
9. Home Guards and arming civilians after Kibbutz massacres (Summer, 1974). Clippings: 1974. Formation of a civilian Home Guard against guerilla attacks after Maalot, etc.; death penalty for terrorists proposed; arming of civilians against guerillas; new settlement in the terrorist-stricken region of Galilee.
10. Assassinations of Al-Fatah Leaders in Beirut. Arab sequel: terrorist revenge plan. Clippings, 1969, 1973. Assessment of Israel's revenge raid on Beirut Airport; reaction by Arab terrorists to Israeli raid in 1973 in Beirut where three Al-Fatah chiefs were killed; reactions by Lebanon and Israel to the same raid; Arafat's claims of American involvement in the raid, and his threats of retaliation; Gaddafi's reaction; repercussions in Lebanon and the Arab world. See also this Box, Section 3, Envelope 19)
11. Munza Nicola (1975) sentenced for pro-Fatah activities in Israel.
12. Israel: Accusations of torture of prisoners. Israeli torturing of prisoners, security force brutality on protesters; Sunday Times Insight report on torture of Arab prisoners, and reaction by Israel with a statement and a summary article; calls for investigation by a body such as the International Red Cross, or Amnesty International; mistreatment of Arabs in Hebron; President Jimmy Carter's discussion of the problem with Menachem Begin; UN report of Israeli torture of Arab prisoners; ad for Rideout Deacon's book, The Israeli Secret Service (McMaster Call # HV8242.2 A2 04).
13. Karameh Raid. Clippings: 1968. Raid on Al-Fatah terrorists by Israel: prelude, the raid, the reaction.
14. Miscellaneous. Clippings: 1969-1977. Anti-terrorist activities; possible use of the death penalty against terrorism (See this Section, Envelope 9); terrorist activities.
Section 8: Occupied Territories and “West Bank State”
Population, Settlers in Occupied Territories:
1. General. Clippings: 1968-1978. Life in the occupied territories; Jewish settlements in them; ideas of dealing with the Arab population; development of Israeli policies; eviction of unauthorized settlers, planned settlements; negative US reactions; Jewish zealot settlements with government orders to cease and leave the area; army siege of the settlements.
2. Palestinian and Jordanian problems. US secret negotiations; King Hussein's attitude to Palestinian State and Representation at Geneva. Clippings: 1974. Israeli plans for agreements with Jordan; refusal to include PLO; Arab agreement that PLO must be at the Geneva peace conference; US involvement in the talks about the West Bank.
3. Gaza and Sinai. Clippings: 1970-1976. Life in Gaza under Israeli occupation; the new town of Yamit; increasing tension in Gaza in 1976; new settlements in Sinai; complaints in Gaza over conditions in Ashkelon prison.
4. West Bank. Clippings: 1967-1976. Conditions after occupation of the West Bank in 1967; re-establishment of a Jewish presence in Hebron; elections in the territories and future plans; Jordan's part in the future of the West Bank; growing unrest in 1974, and increasing support for the PLO, with protests and arrests; West Bank interest in self-rule; Israeli complaints about US criticism; unrest in 1976 with the election of Communist and Nationalist members in the West Bank; political riots with deaths.
5. West Bank. Clippings: 1976-1979. Tensions in the West Bank between Arabs and Israelis; dissention in the government over the future of the West Bank and search for a solution; political demonstrations and riots, with deaths; attacks on Israel's settlement policies; protection for moderate Arab leaders from Communist attacks; Communist agitation, and clamp-down on terrorist suspects; growing PLO support.
6. Security in Occupied Territories; Arrests of terrorists in Gaza and the West Bank (1972). Clippings: 1968-1977, one in Spanish. Terrorist attacks; the life of those in the territories; anti-terrorist measures; riots in the territories.
7. Jerusalem. Clippings: 1972 (in French), 1974. Reports of archaeological work in the city; restrictions on Jerusalem's Arab newspapers.
8. Golan Area (Galilea). Clippings: 1972-1975. History of the Lebanon-Israel border dispute; concerns of settlers in the Golan Heights; 18 Israeli settlements in the Golan Heights, more in other occupied Arab areas.
9. Proposals for Settlement with the Arabs. Clippings: 1967-1973. Problems to be dealt with as a result of the occupations after the 1967 War; Israel's proposed means of dealing with Arab and Palestinian issues; settlement of the Arab-Israeli conflict; the 'Allon Plan' for withdrawal and discussion of a Palestinian state on the West Bank.
10. West Bank squatters (evicted) 1974. Clippings: 1974-1975. Israeli government ban on unauthorized settlements on the West Bank; persistence of right-wing squatters; eviction by Israeli troops; further evictions when splinter groups tried to create settlements.
Box 69
Prospects for Peace, Miscellaneous
Note: The arrangement of materials in this box done by archival staff.
Section 1: Peace Prospects; Involvement of Great Powers, Kissinger.
1. Peace Talks 1971-1975. Clippings: 1971-1975. All aspects of peace talks, formal and informal; Geneva conference, and posturing by both Israel and the Arabs; Dr. Kissinger's activities in the process; disruption by Arab terrorist attacks and Israeli political crises; demands for Israeli concessions; Jordan's position; shuttle diplomacy, with meetings in Washington and Germany; search for agreement with Egypt in 1975.
2. Peace Talks, 1976-September, 1977. Clippings: 1976-Sept. 1977. US pressure on Israel; disruptions of process by Israeli politics; possible withdrawal from captured territories in exchange for peace; renewal of peace talks in Geneva; talks about the peace process between Israel and the US; influence of Israel's position on retention of the West Bank lands on the process; Israel's refusal to recognize the PLO except as a part of Jordan in the discussion; 1976 Red Cross conference on new 'Rules of War'.
3. Peace Talks October 1977-July 1978. Clippings: October 1977-July, 1978. US-Soviet joint declaration of their agreed terms for a renewed conference after Israel's refusal to include the PLO; moves toward the conference; Israeli-Egyptian negotiations; the influence of settlements on the peace process; attacks by guerillas on the West Bank; talks between US and Israeli officials, including President Carter; increased military aid to Saudi Arabia and Egypt resulting in more West Bank settlements; Israeli-Egyptian talks held in London.
4. Peace Prospects August to November, 1978, and undated. Clippings: 1978, undated. Camp David talks between Egypt and the USA; Israel calls off plans for new West Bank settlements, but ultra-right wing elements were moving in; split in the Israeli government threatened talks; Israel agreed to give up the Sinai in return for peace with Egypt; renewed calls for West Bank settlements as a result; final peace discussions in Washington, with problems; US-Israeli talks deteriorate over plans for more settlements in West Bank.
Section 2: Israel: Various topics
1. Palestine Mandate. Clippings: 1974. Churchill's role in the birth of Israel.
2. Zionism. Clippings: 1967-1975. Zionism and Britain's reaction to it; specific reference to Attlee and Lord Balfour; early (17th Century) attempt by Sabbetai Zevi to lead Jews out of exile; final approaches to the Jewish State; review of The Question of Palestine, 1914-1918: British-Jewish-Arab Relations by Isaiah Friedman; review of Baffy: The Diaries of Blanche Dugdale, 1936-1947, edited by N. A. Rose, and The Gentle Zionist: A Study in Anglo-Zionist Diplomacy, 1929-1939 by N. A. Rose; obituary of Rabbi Amran Brau, an anti-Zionist; Theodor Hertzl, and a review of the book, Hertzl, by Desmond Stewart; article about Chaim Weizmann; Zadok Ophir.
3. Anti-Jewish Persecution. Clippings: 1968, 1974. Pogrom in Germany, 1938; Jewish Resistance fighters in World War II; Jews in Poland after World War II; undated handwritten note of a book Killing Nazi Herbert Cukers in Brazil.
4. Anti-Semitism. Clippings: 1967-1975. Range of comments from neo-Nazis after the Six-Day War, through the 1968 jihad, the plight of Jewish refugees from Romania on the Struma, and those turned back from Cuba in 1939; reviews of the book The History of Anti-Semitism by Leon Poliakov; review of The Voyage of the Damned by Gordon Thomas and Max Morgan-Witts.
5. People. Clippings: 1967-1978, undated. Viscount Samuel; Yehuda Ingra; Yigael Yadin; Ilan Stil; Moshe Dayan; Daniel Bardi; Victorine Marcelle Nino; Anaos Horev; Yaacov Herzog; Simcha Dinitz; Amos Horev, Aryeh Tuviya; Arnie Simon; Lille Myer; Israel Tal; Itzhak Hoffi; Ruth Aliav; Ariel Sharon; Yexutiel Adam; Herzl Shafir; Golda Meir; Ezer Weizmann; Michael Tzur; Haim Yaromi; Esther Herlitz; Terry Fleener; Menachem Begin; Abie Nathan; Panaiyotis Paschalis; Hans Lebrecht; Alexander Tal; Herbert Sulzbach; Gadi Markovitz; Abba Eban.
6. Rabin Government, 1974-1976. Clippings: 1974-1976. Various aspects of Rabin's government, including the effects of the US-Egyptian nuclear power agreement; hard-line tactics; requests to the US for missiles because of Soviet supplies to Israel's Arab neighbours; peace discussions by Yigael Allon; leakage of information; clashes between Rabin and Shimon Peres; political challenges in the Knesset.
7. Begin Government Infighting. Clippings: 1978. Battles between Begin and Shimon Peres, Ezer Weizmann, Moshe Dayan; plots by extremists to overthrow the Begin government.
8. National Anniversaries: 25th, 26th, 27th. Clippings: 1973-1975.
9. National Anniversary: 30th. Clippings: 1978. Consideration of the State of Israel on its 30th Anniversary.
10. The Suez Crisis. Clippings: 1966, 1978. Der Spiegel article about the 1956 crisis and the UN Mission in Israel afterward; two Sunday Times Weekly Review articles by Selwyn-Lloyd; crisis triggered by Nasser's seizure of the Suez Canal in 1956.
11. After the 1967 War. Clippings: 1967-1972. Naval forces of Israel and Egypt during the war; requirements for peace treaties; commando raids into Egypt; need for frontier definitions; Egyptian threats; UN efforts toward peace; interview with Chaim Barlev about the war.
12. The 1973 War and afterwards. Clippings: 1973-1976.The war, its progress, and reactions; Britain's arms embargo; taking stock a month after the Egyptian and Syrian attacks; continued Israeli readiness after the fighting, but Israel's own assessment of its lack of readiness; Israeli prisoners in Syria reported to be tortured; effects of the war on Israel, concern about the peace process; relative Arab-Israeli strengths assessed; plans for new defenses, increased military strength in Israel; reopening of Suez Canal.
13. Israel and Occupied Territories. Clippings: 1970-1978. Israeli-Arab relations in the territories; confrontations at holy sites; demands for new Israeli settlements; pleas for a Palestinian state on the West Bank; rioting on the West Bank; terrorist attacks, both Arab and Israeli; health conditions in the occupied territories; the exploitation of Arabs, both children and adults, as labourers for Jewish settlers.
14. Suez and Sinai. Clippings: 1970-1975. Before 1973 War: Israeli plans for the Suez area; concerns about ceasefire and Egypt's plans after peace discussions; oil finds in the Suez and Sinai. After the 1973 War: continued fighting; peace agreements; Russian probing in the Sinai; Plans for an Israeli gesture as Egypt reopens the Suez; ongoing work for an agreement.
15. Israeli-Arab Conflicts beyond those of the 1967 and 1973 Wars. Clippings: 1966-1977. Air battles with Syria; Soviet-supplied arms for Egypt; Arab attacks on Israeli shipping; rocket attacks on Israel; assessment of the 1973 War; PLO attacks on tourists; reprisals in Lebanon; Israeli attacks on Palestinian terrorist vessels; violations of interim peace agreement by Egypt.
16. Israel: Miscellaneous: Golan Heights. Clippings: 1973-1976. Syrian spying, activities in the area; 1974 efforts at peace and disengagement; fortifications, increased tension in late 1974-1975; UN peacekeeping resolution expiry in 1975, and attempts to negotiate; more settlements, and attacks by Syria.
17. Lebanon. Clippings: 1972-1978. Reprisals for Al-Fatah attacks; trials of Arab terrorists; Lebanon's difficulties with anti-Israeli attacks by Palestinians from Lebanese bases; attacks on guerilla bases; fights and cross-border raids between Israel and Lebanon; Syrian intervention in Lebanese affairs; Lebanese civil war, tensions in border area; Israeli support of Lebanon in fight with Palestinians; PLO attacks on Israel and reprisals over border; UN peacekeeping; payment by a US industry for Lebanon's removing them from Arab boycott list for trade with Israel.
18. Gaza. Clippings: 1975-1978. Egyptian spy in Gaza; life in Gaza in 1978.
19. Israel and the PLO. Clippings: 1974-1977. Israeli reaction to Arab replacement of King Hussein as spokesman for occupants of the West Bank; PLO activities; clashes at the UN between Israel and the PLO; Israel's rejection of presence of PLO at Geneva peace conference.
20. Israel and the Arabs. Clippings: 1968-1976. List of Arab aircraft and passengers, 1954-1960, that had landed in Israel first; Israeli policies toward: Palestinians, PLO, political prisoners, Egyptian demands for Israeli withdrawal; Israeli desire for peace agreements with Arab neighbours.
21. Israeli Arabs. Clippings: 1973-1977. Jailed for spying; terrorists; Communist-controlled elections in Nazareth; politics; West Bank riots; EEC comments on a Palestinian homeland; equalization of services in West Bank and Gaza with Israel.
22. Israel and Mid-East Arms: sales and build-up. Clippings: 1973-1977, and undated. Centurion tanks; demands for arms, and concerns about Arab purchases; interception of Saudi plane; USA and arms supplies to Israel; assessment of comparative military strengths, 1977; Arab trade boycott of Israel.
23. Israeli Arms Production: conventional and nuclear. Clippings: 1968-1978. Military strength, 1968; aircraft production and sales; navy; nuclear arms activities; Kfir jet fighter; arms sales.
24. Israel and Christians. Clippings: 1974, undated. Relations between two groups; book reviews: Zander, W. Israel and the Holy Places of Christendom,( McMaster: DS119.6 .Z3) Schonfield, H. J. The Pentecost Revolution (McMaster: BR129 .S323).
25. Immigration. Clippings: 1971-1975. Challenges to the basis of the Jewish state; immigrants from Egypt and the Soviet Union.
26. Israel and Britain: British Jews. Clippings: 1967-1978, and undated. British withdrawal from the Middle East in 1967; effect of the crisis on British politics; book review: Trevelyan, H. The Middle East in Revolution ; British Jews and Israel; diplomats and visiting politicians in Britain; industrial dispute between British Leyland and Israel and Egypt; Muzna Nicola, British citizen, sentenced as spy for Al-Fatah; Jewish MPs in Parliament; a British Bar Mitzvah.
27. Margaret Thatcher Visit to Israel. Clippings: 1976.
28. Israel and the United States. Clippings: 1967-1978, and undated. Captured Soviet weapons sent to the USA; Der Spiegel article: "Jews in America"; US-Israeli tension; US responses for Israeli requests for financial and military aid; diplomats, and political relationships; aggressive Jewish lobby in the US; Menachem Begin's visit to the US in 1977.
29. Israel, Italy and the Vatican. Clippings: 1972-1975. Italian anti-Semitism; book reviews: Waagenaar, S. The Pope's Jews (McMaster: DS135.I85 R6813); Prinz, J. The Secret Jews; efforts to encourage Catholic pilgrims to visit Israel.
30. Israel and Other Countries. Clippings: 1971-1978, and undated. Interactions between Israel and a number of other countries; claim that MOSSAD was instrumental in Idi Amin's ousting of Dr. Obote; Israel listed as arms supplier to several countries.
31. Israel and UNESCO. Clippings: 1974-1976. Israel's relation with UNESCO; attempts by Arab and other nations to bar Israel from this and other international organizations.
32. Economy. Clippings: 1967-1978. Israel's joblessness, poverty, tensions, arms supports, oil discoveries near Tel Aviv, etc.
33. General. Clippings: 1946-1978. Variety of articles on Israeli life, re-naming of ships, warnings to tourists not to go to Cyprus, etc; book review: Bellow, S. To Jerusalem and Back (McMaster: DS107.4 .B37); booklet #12: Israel: the Chosen Race London, The Dawn Book Supply, 16 pp, 1972.
34. Israeli and Arab Agents-Miscellaneous. Clippings: 1970-1977. Activities, arrests, trials, executions of various Israeli and Arab agents.
Box 70
Palestine
Section 1: Palestinian Terrorists: Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), Other Groups; HQs, Al Fatah, Leaders
1. PLO: Al Fatah. Clippings: 1968-1974.Al-Fatah and its leaders; disagreements within the Palestinian resistance movement; note (Cookridge) explains that "El-Fatah" is an anagram [of an acronym] meaning "Movement for the Liberation of Palestine."
2. PLO: Heads: Yasser Arafat (Abu Ammar) (born 1929, in Jerusalem). Clippings: 1969-1978, and undated. Background; leadership of Fatah and the PLO; challenges to leadership; printed image and caricature of Arafat; note about his visit to East Berlin (1973).
3. PLO: General descriptions of various groups. Clippings: 1970-1977. Data on Palestinian terrorist groups; criticism from Cairo on some activities; leadership; notes give composition of 'Palestinian National Council', members of groups in Middle East and Europe.
4. Black September. Clippings: 1973. Series on the group; their activities. See also: Box 68, Sect. 3, Envelopes 18-22; Section 4, Env. 13; Section 5, Envs. 4, 10, 19.)
5. PLO: Salah Khalaf ('Abu Ayad'), Chief of 'Black September'. Born 1933 in Jaffa (married, two daughters). Conducted interrogation of "disowned" terrorists of BA VC-10 (Dubai-Tunis), 1974. Clippings: 1972-1976.
6. Abu Daoud, Chief of Staff, "Black September". Arrest in Paris, release to Algiers. German and Israeli Extradition attempts, including comments and Israeli protests. Clippings: 1977. Said to have organized the Munich massacre of Israeli Olympic athletes; speedy release by French; recriminations against France by Israel, Germany and other countries.
7. 'Black September' "Rasd" Jihad-al-Rasd (Operations network, Intelligence Department). Clippings: 1968-1973 Activities of Al-Fatah, and Black September.
8. PLO: "Abu Hassan"= Ali Hassan Salamah, Chief of Arafat's security (Accused of organized Munich massacre of sportsmen in 1972); assassinated in Beirut, 1979.Clippings: 1979. Car bomb; retaliation bombing in Israel.
9 PLO: Heads: Khalil Al-Wazir ('Abu Jihad'). Clipping: 1971.Terrorist groups of Al-Fatah.
10. PLO: Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP). Leader: Dr. George Habbash. Clippings: 1968-1976. Terrorist activities; forced landing of Arab airliner in Israel in an attempt to capture him; reaction of the world, and the PLO; withdrawal of PFLP from PLO.
11. PFLP. Head: Dr. Wadi Haddad, "Foreign Director" of Popular Front; d. March 1978 in East Germany after cancer surgery. Clippings: 1973-1978. Involved in attack on Saudi embassy in Paris; hijackings; work with Japanese 'Red Army' faction; funeral in Baghdad; notes (Cookridge): biographical data, list of aircraft attacks he probably organized from 1968-1977.
12..Split on 'Palestinian State': West Bank + Gaza? or All Palestine. Plans for Government in Exile against King Hussein of Jordan. Clippings: 1970-1974. Conflict over the geography of a presumptive state, and the peace process.
13. PLO: Popular Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PDFLP). Nayef Hawatmeh. Clippings: 1974. Fights between his moderate Marxist group, PDFLP and an extremist group, on the outskirts of Beirut; both groups had attacked Israel.
14. PLO: Syrian-backed Al-Saiqa. Leader: Zuheir Mohsen. Clippings: 1969-1976. Its’ activities as a guerilla group.
15. PFLP. General commandoes: Head: ex-Major Ahmed Jabril (formerly Syrian Army); responsible for Kibbutz massacres (1974). Clippings: 1974. Its involvement in the Kiryat Shmonah massacre.
16. National Youth Organization for the Liberation of Palestine. (Gaddafi's organization, based in Tripoli). Hijacking of Lufthansa plane (1972); Cyprus attacks/Israeli ambassador (1973); Rome massacre (1973); Assassination attempt on Kissinger in Damascus or Beirut; British VC-10 Amsterdam, burned 1974. Clippings: 1974, 1976.
17. PLO: Iraqi-controlled faction in Baghdad: Sabry-al-Banna ('Abu Nidal'). Arab Liberation Front = "Black June". Clippings: 1976-1978. Iraq and its relations with Palestinian guerillas, especially the military aid to leftist forces in Lebanon. Iraqi Arab attacks on the PLO; resulting feud.
18. PLO: Retaliations against Iraqi-Controlled faction. Attempts at Iraqi ambassadors and offices in London, Paris, Pakistan and other places: summer, 1978. Clipping: 1978. Attack on an Iraqi diplomat in Karachi by two Arabs with South Yemeni passports; attack in Tripoli.
19. PLO: Iraqi-controlled faction; assassination of PLO leader Hammami in London. Clippings: 1978. Murder of Said Hammami probably by a group based in Baghdad, led by Abu Nidal.
20. PLO: Iraqi-controlled faction; assassination of PLO leader Ezzedine Kalak in Paris (Arrest and expulsion of Iraqi diplomats). Clippings: 1978. Gun battle at Iraqi embassy; Kalak killed by Iraqi-based opponent of Arafat.
21. PLO: Struggle with Iraqi groups; retaliations in London, Paris, Pakistan and other countries. Clippings: 1978. Iraqi terrorist activities in Britain and Pakistan.
22. PLO: Grand Mufti Haj Amin Al-Hussein, at 76. (d. July 4, 1974 in Beirut). Clippings: 1965-1974. His life and death, and his involvement with Hitler and Palestinian terrorism.
23. PLO: Refugee Camps, and training of terrorists. Clippings: 1967-1974. Hate education in refugee camps.
24. PLO: Camps and training in Lebanon: "Stepping Up Operations" after Israeli armistice with Egypt and Syria. Clippings: 1974. Increased Fatah control of Lebanese camps.
25. PLO:; Success and split after Rabat Conference; American approaches to Arafat. Clippings: 1974.
26. PLO: Arafat tries to contain 'Wild Men' of PLO after visit to United Nations Organization. Clippings: 1974.
27. PLO: Dissention between groups at Peace Talks (Habbash against Arafat on Geneva), and early quarrels. Clippings: 1971-1974.
28. PLO: situation after 1973 War - Opposition to Geneva Peace Conference, also in 1974. Clippings: 1973-1974. PLO 1973 acceptance of involvement in peace talks; opposition in 1974 to Geneva Peace Talks.
29. PLO: Peace Talks. Clippings: 1974-1978. PLO involvement in peace talks; American efforts to get the talks to progress.
30. PLO: Refugee Problems: Camps, UN aid, Arab attitude. Clippings: 1973-1977, and undated.
31. PLO: Palestinians; PLO and Damascus summit. Clippings: 1978. Arab states against Camp David accord.
32. PLO: Palestinian propaganda. Clippings: 1973-1977.
Section 2: Palestinian Terrorism
1. PLO: Recognition of PLO by foreign governments; offices in various capitals. Clippings: 1975-1977. Deportation of PLO official from Australia.
2. PLO: Relation with Arab governments and Moscow. Clippings: 1968-1975. Russian-Arab alignments.
3. PLO: Al-Fatah/Black September/PFLP: International Connections - Japanese, Turkish, German, South American, branches in Europe, I.R.A., including Leila Khaleb's possible identity. Clippings: 1972. Black September; Dr. Wadi Haddad; Lydda airport massacre.
4. PLO: Arafat's visit to the United Nations (1974). Clippings: 1974-1977. Visit, and subsequent interaction of PLO and the UN.
5. PLO: International Connections; Dutch woman arrested in Israel in 1976, with an accomplice in Bombay. 18-strong gang in contact with the IRA. Clipping: 1976. Arrests of Ludina Janssen and Marius Nieuwburg.
6. PLO: assistance by Arab diplomats (carrying letter bombs, arms). Clippings: 1970-1975. Diplomats Khaled Ibrahim Omry, and Ghayth Najib Armanazi.
7. PLO: request for aid against Israeli Retaliations in Lebanon camps; aid offered by Syria and Egypt to Lebanon. Clippings: 1974.
8. PLO: London Office (Said Hammami) and visit of PLO delegates to London IPU, September, 1975. Clippings: PLO activities in Britain; cash to MPs; visits.
9. PLO: arms from China; Khalil al-Wazir visit to China. Clippings: 1970-1975. RFE report on "Peking and the Palestine Guerilla Movement".
10. PLO: International laxity toward terrorists. Airlines paying protection money (August 1973); Institute of the Study of Conflict Report, July, 1974. Clippings: 1972-1975.
11. PLO: Soviet Backing of Palestinian State. Arafat's visits to Moscow, Warsaw, East Berlin. Clippings: 1968-1978.
12. PLO: arrests in Germany, Austria, Scandinavia. Clippings: 1969-1975, and undated.
13. PLO: arrests in Italy. Clippings: 1973.
14. PLO: arrests in France. Clippings: 1972-1973.
15. PLO: Hijackers and Al-Fatah in Israeli prisons. Clippings: 1971-1972. 'Black September' was involved in a hostage incident.
16. PLO: Arms and financial support. Clippings: 1976, 1978. Chinese, Vietnamese, and Libyan arms supplies; Saudi cash.
17. PLO and Jordan. Clippings: 1968-1978. Changing relations between Jordan and the PLO.
18. PLO and Syria. Clippings: 1974-1977. Changing relationships between Syria and the PLO.
19. PLO and Egypt. Clippings: 1974-1978. The shift in PLO - Egyptian relations from alliance to antagonism.
20. PLO and miscellaneous Arab States. Clippings: 1972-1975. Denunciation of Arab pro-PLO attacks on Israel.
21. PLO: General. Clippings: 1968-1979. Assassination of Robert Kennedy, Richard Welch and others; bombings; anti-terrorism activities; PLO spying.
22. PLO: General. Clippings: 1971-1978, and undated. The organization, its members, activities and policies.
Section 3: Sky-Jacking and Airport Attacks, Palestinian Terrorists
1. Miscellaneous. Clippings: 1971-1978. Aircraft bombings; skyjackings; attempted rocket attack in Rome; 'Black September' execution of Ahmed Al-Ghafour, a terrorist leader; Lufthansa ihjacking to Mogadishu.
2. Cyprus DC-8 at Larnaca, 1978, Egyptian commandoes' battle. Clippings: 1978.
3. Kuwait Airlines' Boeing 707; Skyjackers surrender at Damascus. They had demanded the release of 200 prisoners in Arab jails. Clippings: 1977. Attack led by Abu Sayed.
4. KLM airliner Malaga-Nice-Amsterdam (1976); landed in Cyprus, hostages released, and 3 terrorists surrendered. Clippings: 1976. Hijackers believed to be from George Habbash's PFLP.
5. Egyptian flight from Cairo to Luxor by 'Libyan' terrorists, August, 1976. September 8, 1976, two Palestinians and 1 Egyptian sentenced to life imprisonment by Cairo military tribunal. Clippings: 1976. Boeing 737; hijackers said to be backed by Libya.
6. Istanbul, August, 1976; El Al passengers: 4 dead, many wounded. Two terrorists held by Turks. Clippings: 1976. Boeing 707. Gunmen believed to be from George Habbash's PFLP.
7. Leaders and guerillas of Entebbe Raid, 1976; also about Amin's bodyguard. Clippings: 1974-1976. Note by Cookridge to check other Entebbe and Amin files. Examples: Box 68, Section 2, Envelope 2; Box 68, entire Section 6.
8. Air France Boeing flight, Israel-Paris, redirected from Athens to Bengazi and hence to Uganda; 80 Israelis aboard. Demand for release of Palestinians in Israel, Germany, Switzerland, etc, including Archbishop Capucci. Clippings: 1976. PFLP hijacking leading to Entebbe Raid.
9. La Guardia airport bombing, December, 1975. Clippings; 1975-1976.
10. Bazooka attack on El-Al in Orly, January, 1975; Yugoslav plane hit instead. Clipping: 1975. Attacker claimed to be of the Mohamed Boudiah Command
11. Abortive attack on El-Al, Orly, 19 January, 1975. Ten hostages taken. Mohamed Boudiah Group/ terrorists flown out by France to Baghdad. Clippings: 1975. Attackers from Mohamed Boudiah Command.
12. Orly, May 20, 1978. Clippings: 1978. Attack by "Sons of South Lebanon"; killed by police in gun battle; account of odd 'hijacking' of TWA plane in Geneva.
13. British Airways VC-10 at Dubai, Nov. 1974; flown to Tunis, where it was disowned by Arafat and other Arab governments. Terrorist achievement: release of 5 prisoners by Egypt, 2 by Holland. All said to be staying in Tunis, despite PLO demand for surrender and punishment. They were finally sent to Cairo to face "PLO Trial" with 7 released terrorists, two said to have been sentenced to 15 years by PLO. Clippings: 1974. Hijackers belonged to a group financed and controlled by Khaddafi.
14. Crash of TWA Boeing 707 in Sept., 1974, off Corfu; 88 dead. Attack carried out by "Arab Nationalist Youth", Chilean Jose Santos suicide terrorists. Clippings: 1974-1975. Bomb explosion on board.
15. British Airways VC-10 Beirut-London, March, 1974; landed at Amsterdam without trouble and then burned. Sami Hussein Tanima, Ahmend Nuri both held in Amsterdam for trial at Haarlem, June, 1974; they were members of Gaddafi's National Youth Organization and trained at a special school for skyjackers in Jordan. There was an attempted prison release and taking of hostages at Scheveningen Oct/Nov, 1974. Clippings: 1974.
16. Alert at Heathrow, Jan. 1974; reports of stolen SAM missile; NATO bazooka stolen in Belgium. Clippings: 1973-1974.
17. Lufthansa plane hijacked at Rome in Dec., 1973, flown to Athens and Kuwait, 31 dead and wounded in Rome. March 2, 1974: plane released in Kuwait and flown to Cairo "to grace a guerilla court". Clippings: 1973-1974. Believed to be from PFLP (Habbash's group).
18. KLM Jumbo attacked over Iraq, Dec. 1973., with 74 Japanese aboard. Clippings: 1973. Hijacker from Arab Nationalist Youth Movement.
19. Athens Airport, Aug. 5, 1973. Terrorists El Arid Shafik, Kantoura Talaal of the 'Seventh Suicide Squad Abu Youssef" after Najjar killed in Beirut. It was a "Mistake Raid" planned at El-Al. The young men were tried in Athens, Jan 24, 1974, and sentenced to death; reprieved; May 3, 1974, they were released and flown to Libya. Clippings: 1973-1976. Hijackers reportedly from the extreme wing of PFLP under Wadi Haddad.
20. Japanese Boeing 747, flown to Dubai, blown up in Bengazi, 24 July, 1973; four terrorists: 2 Palestinians, one Japanese ("Hayato Miyazawa"), and one Honduran, and one girl who killed herself when a hand grenade exploded (named 'Katie Thomas', a Christian Iraqi). The four were released by Libya in the summer of 1974, and reported in Beirut in mid-August, 1974. Clippings: 1973-1974.
21. One-Man attack on Athens El-Al Office, 19 July, 1973. Terrorist flown out to Kuwait. Clipping: 1973. Attacker claimed to belong to Al-Fatah.
22. Attempt on El-Al plane at Rome, August, 1972. Bomb in tape recorder given to two British girls. Clippings: 1972-1973. Bomb provided by Zaid Ahmed and Adrian Mohamed Hashem.
23. Attacks: Japanese in Lydda airport massacre, June 1972. Clippings: 1972. Attack claimed by PFLP; sole attacking survivor was Kozo Okamoto.
24. July, 1972 Trial of Lydda Airport Massacre's assassin Kozo Okamoto. Clippings: 1972-1973. His trial, prison, and attempted escape.
25. Sabena sircraft, May, 1972. Female terrorists Rima Tannous, Therese Halaseh; sentenced to life in Israel, August, 1972. Clippings: 1972. Members of 'Black September'.
26. Boeing 747Jumbo at Aden, Feb, 1972; flight New Delhi-Athens-Frankfurt, with Joseph Kennedy aboard; all released on ₤2 million ransom. Clippings: 1972. Attackers claimed to be from PFLP.
27. Leila Khaled's own Story (September, 1970). Clippings: 1971-1973. Article based on her book, "My People Shall Live"; other clippings about this PFLP member.
28 Abortive Skyjack of El-Al to London; capture of Leila Khalid, Patrick Anguello in El-Al Boeing on a flight from Amsterdam to New York. Clippings: 1970/ PFLP attack.
29 Three planes to Jordan: TWA 707 from Frankfurt; Swissair DC-8 Zurich-New York, and BOAC VC-10 Bombay-London via Bahrein, and El-Al 707 Amsterdam-New York (with Leila Khalid and Anguello), September, 1970. Clippings: 1970, and handwritten notes. PFLP attacks; planes blown up.
30. Italian DC-8 Rome-Genoa, landed at Cairo, May, 1970. Clippings: 1970. Italian hijacker.
31. Der Spiegel story of four hijacks. General. Clippings: 1970. Notes (Cookridge) on plane hijackings 1968-1970.
32. Swissair plane blown up over Zurich in mid-air; 47 dead. Austrian Caravelle simultaneously had a bomb on board, but landed safely, though damaged. Clippings: 1970. PFLP attack.
33. El-Al plane at Munich, 1970. Clippings: 1970. PFLP attack.
34. El- Al plane at Athens airport, 26 December, 1968; trial in 1970. Reprisals by Israelis on December 28, 1968 in Beirut airport, with 13 Lebanese planes destroyed. Clippings: 1968-1970. PFLP attack on Boeing 707.
35. Early Attempts, July, 1968. Kidnapping of Israeli aircraft; forced to land in Algiers. Clippings: 1968. PFLP attack.
36. TWA Flight 840, 1969. Clipping: 1971. Book review of "99 Days in Damascus" after one passenger was separated from the rest after the hijacking.
Section 4: Olympic Games Massacre, 1972, Palestinian Terrorists
1. Munich, 1972. I. Clippings: 1972. Events at the Olympic village.
2. Munich, 1972. II Airport Battle with terrorists killing all hostages. Clippings: 1972.
3. Munich, 1972. III. Comments and Recriminations. Clippings: 1972.
4. Munich, 1972. IV Arabs Prepare for Israeli Retaliation. Clippings: 1972.
5. Munich, 1972. V. Surviving Assassins of Munich Massacre Released by Germany after Beirut-Frankfurt Lufthansa hijack. Oct-Nov. 1972. Clippings: 1972-1976. Release of Ibrahim Massoud Bodran, Abdullah Mohamed Samir, and Kadir El-Dnawly.
Box 71
Section 1: Assassinations and Assassination Attempts, Palestinian Terrorists
1. Jews in London Hotel. Clippings: 1975. Machine-gun fire in drive-by shootings at Portman and Carlton Tower hotel dining rooms.
2. Diary of Violence in London, 1977-1978; bombings by Palestinian terrorists to 1973. Clippings: 1973, 1978. List of successful murders of both Arabs and Israelis in London, as well as serious attempts
3. Yousef al Sibai in Nicosia, Feb. 18, 1978; death sentence for assassins. Clippings: 1978. Delays in the executions of Samir Mohammed Khadar and Zayed Hussein Ali; finally commuted to life imprisonment in Greece.
4. Attempt on M. Seif and others in Britain. Clippings: 1969-1977. Kidnapping plots, letter bombs, Molotov cocktails; escape of a suspect.
5. Jordan, PM Wasfi Tal killed by Palestinians in Cairo, 1971. Killers freed by Sadat, March, 1972. Clippings: 1971-1972. Ziad Mohammed al-Helou, Mohammed Kheiry Khashan, Jawad Ahmed Abu Aziza, and Mohammed Nabi Hassan were self-confessed assassins; suggestion is that Sadat was bribed by al-Fatah to let them go.
6. Attack on El-Al crew in London, 1978: Hostess killed, one attacker dead, another arrested. Clippings: 1978. Airline crew returning to Europa Hotel in London attacked by machine-gun and bomb-wielding assailants; death of Irit Gidron, and a terrorist who stumbled onto his own bomb; threats in court; bail application; demands by El Al.
Section 2: Palestine-General; Israel
1. Clippings: 1969-1978. Profile of Palestinians as a people; statehood issues; celebration of 'Palestine Day'; book review.
2. Palestine as seen through Israeli eyes, and vice versa. Clippings: 1973-1978. Attacks on Zionism; Palestinian homeland issues; Hitler's 'Final Solution' and evasions with the Grand Mufti; Israeli settlements.
Section 3: Palestinian Terrorists: Operations and Agents
1. Letter Bombs. Clippings: 1972-1973. 'Black September' letter bombs sent largely to Israelis and British Jews; published warning of physical characteristics of letter bombs; later attempt at a poison gas bomb.
2. Anti-Terror Measures, London, Heathrow; Terror squad of Scotland Yard; Heathrow Security, etc. Clippings: 1969-1978. Arab threats to shipping, oil rigs; police terror squad; SAS group at Heathrow; bullet-proof screens around El Al counters at Heathrow; union demand for El Al to operate out of another air facility than Heathrow.
3. "Black June Group" Attacks in Jordan and Syria; assassination attempt on Syrian Dep. PM and Chief of Intelligence; financed and armed by Iraq. Clippings: 1976.
4. "Black June" Group: Attack on Intercontinental Hotel in Amman, Nov. 1976. Hostages freed; 2 hotel staff and 2 Jordanian soldiers killed; three terrorists dead, one captured, executed in Amman after trial. Clippings: 1976.
5. Attacks on Syrian embassies in Rome and Islamabad; all terrorists surrendered; one killed in Pakistan attack. Clippings: 1976.
6. Attack on Hotel in Damascus (Danish and other foreign hostages); three terrorists publicly hanged by Syrians. Clippings: 1976. 'Black June' Terrorists held 90 hostages in the Semiramis Hotel; Syrian army took them out in a 3-hour gun battle; they were summarily hanged in front of the hotel.
7. Gang arrested in Holland, Sept. 1975; planned to take hostages in Amsterdam. Clipping: 1975.
8. Mine Blast kills 42 in Lebanon, in accident at Palestinian training of Shia "Militia". Clippings: 1975. Land mine set off a series of explosions in an ammo dump.
9. Jerusalem Bomb Kills 14, injures 65 on July 4, 1975; Israeli retaliation in Lebanon on 7 July. Clippings: 1975. Explosives in abandoned refrigerator; retaliation in Beirut killed 13 and injured 37 in raids on camps.
10. Kidnapping of US Army Colonel in Beirut; released after ransom. Clippings: 1975. The ransom was food and clothing to be distributed in a hard-hit area of Beirut; it took two weeks.
11. Bomb in Jerusalem; 14+ dead, many injured. Clipping: 1975. Refrigerator bomb; see this Section, Envelope 9.
12. Attack on Kfar Yuval village by Iraqi "ALF Arab Liberation Front": 4 terrorists killed, two Israelis, and several wounded. Immediate Israeli air bombing reprisal on Lebanese village of Kar Shouta. Clipping: 1975.
13 Hostage-capture at Scheveningen prison. Clippings: 1974. Twenty-two hostages taken in prison chapel, held by four gunmen for 104 hours. Nobody killed, all gunmen captured.
14. "Catalogue of Tragedy". File card: 1974. Four instances of Palestinian attacks on Israelis near the Lebanese border, with numbers killed.
15. Hotel Attack at Tel Aviv; 13 dead in blast. Survivor told raid staged to discredit Egypt. Clippings: 1975. Band of PLO guerillas using submachine guns entered the Savoy Hotel in Tel Aviv.
16. Grenade against Paris café; 2 dead, 27 injured. Clippings: 1974. St. Germain Drugstore hit; owner was Jewish and a supporter of Israel.
17. Japanese Red Army against the French Embassy in Den Haag. Terrorists released and flown to Syria with Furuya, whose release was one of their demands. Clippings: 1974. See also: Box 70, Section 1, Envelope 11.
18. Japanese Red Army: Embassy attack in Den Haag: French Hostages; terrorists to Damascus. Clippings: 1974. The plane ride to Damascus.
19. Kidnapping of Lebanese Editor. Clippings: 1974. Abu Jawdeh kidnapped and wounded, questioned about his political position by captors.
20. Archbishop Hilarion Capucci as arms smuggler; his arrest on 8 August, 1974. Release and re-arrest on 18 August. Trial: December, 1974, sentenced to 12 years; started a short hunger strike. Clippings: 1974-1975.
21. Attempted Assassination of Edward Sieff, head of Marks and Spencer. Clippings: 1974.
22. Attack on Rihanyia village (Circassian Moslem community); man dead, his wife wounded. Attackers wanted hostages to negotiate the release of Archbishop Capucci. Clipping: 1974.
23. Attack on Rosh Hanikra Kibbutz; 1 terrorist killed, 2 settlers wounded. Clipping: 1974.
24. Car bombs and attacks on newspaper offices. Clipping: 1974.
25. Plan to assassinate Kissinger. Clippings: 1974. Reports that at least 5 Arab groups had targeted him on a trip to talk with President Assad of Syria.
26. Massacre of children at Maalot. Clippings: 1974. The hostage-taking; Israeli assault on the school, and reasons; recriminations.
27. Seizure of Japanese Embassy in Kuwait: to ensure release of terrorists in Singapore. Clippings: 1974.
28. Hijack of Singapore Ferry (3 Japanese and one Arab terrorist released and flown to Kuwait). Clippings: 1974. The terrorists pushed two of the ferry crewmen into the harbour, having unsuccessfully tried to blow up a Shell oil refinery.
29. Hijack of Greek ship in Karachi to enforce release of terrorists imprisoned in Greece for outrage in 1973. Hostages aboard the ship eventually freed; terrorist deported. Clippings: 1974. Incident ended when prisoners in Greece had their sentences commuted.
30. Two Arabs with IRA connections detained in London, but allowed to leave for Dublin. Clippings: 1974.
31. Arrest and Deportation of Suspects in Germany before World Cup. Clippings: 1974. Four Arabs were accused of plotting to destroy the El Al office in Berlin and other targets; released because of the beginning of the World Cup games and deported to Cairo to lessen the risk of a terrorist attempt to free them, or create a hostage incident.
32. Plot to kill Arab kings, presidents at Rabat Conference. Clippings: 1974. See also Box 70, Section 1, Envelope 25.
33. "London Terror Group" Arrests: Charged: Americans - Allison Thompson, Theodore Dean Browne, Robin Orban, Moroccan: Abelkhir El Hakkaoui, Pakistani - Atler Naseem. Clippings: 1974. The five knew one another in California, where they were all residents.
34. Terrorists' Attack on Shamir Kibbutz June 13, 1974; 3 women killed. Nahariya, June 24. Seventh attack within the month; also description of suicide raids, April-June 1974. Clippings: 1974, ending June 21.
35. Massacre at Kiryat Shmonah, where three terrorists of PFLP General Command terrorized Israeli town. Clippings: 1974. Rage against both Lebanon and Israeli security forces in massacre; Israel walked out of the UN in protest against condemnation of retaliation; Arabs claim they wanted to stop settlement; other sabotage events in Israel. See also Box 68, Section 7, Envelope 8.
36. Assassination of Israeli Military Attaché Col. Alon in Washington. Clippings: 1973.
37. Nicosia terrorist attack. Terrorists killed by Israeli guards. July, 1973 - seven others sentenced to 7 years by Nicosia court, released after 8 months in December, 1973. See also Box 68, Section 5, Envelope 21.
38. Soviet SAM missiles found at house near Rome, September, 1973; released, deported from Italy 2 March, 1974. Clippings: 1973-1974.
39. Plans for terror actions in Britain: Bombs at Israeli bank (January, 1974). Clippings: 1974. Warning to Jewish interests in London to beware of Arab action in the light of upcoming peace talks. See also attempt on J. E. Sieff Box 71, Section 3, Envelope 21.
40. Terror gang arrest in Paris; multinational organization, including Turks. Clippings: 1973-1974. Thirteen pro-Palestinian terrorists arrested after cache of arms found near Paris.
41. Mohammed Fuheid; arrest in London April, 1973, trial at Old Bailey; released December, 1974. Clippings: 1972-1974. El-Fatah lieutenant arrested for carrying guns at Heathrow, and using false passport; claim by his lawyer that he faced discipline within the group if/when released.
42. Raid on Beirut branch of Bank of America (October, 1973). American hostage, John Crawford Maxwell, and two Lebanese killed. Clippings: 1973. Prime Minister refused to give in to ransom demands; said two gunmen were known bank robbers.
43. Kidnap of Jews from Russia within Austria; kidnappers flown to Libya; sequel of Schönau camp. Clippings: 1973. Camp Schönau was a privately-owned stopover point for Russian Jews moving to Israel; Chancellor Kreisky allowed to terrorists to fly from Austria after they released the Baranskys; much criticism of the Austrian government's action.
44. Kidnapping of Saudi Diplomats in Paris (1973); flight to Kuwait, etc. Terrorists released by Kuwait and handed over to PLO. Clippings: 1973. Denial that the group was carrying out PLO operation; release of several women hostages in Paris; four Saudi diplomats and Iraqi ambassador taken to Cairo for refueling the plane; Tripoli and Damascus refused landing; Kuwait accepted, and finally got the surrender of the gunmen; handed terrorists over to the PLO.
45. Assassination plans against Mrs. Meir. Clippings: 1973-1974. Various plots aimed against Israeli leadership.
46. Al-Fatah and 'Black September': Khartoum Murders (2 Americans, 1 Belgian assassinated). Eight terrorists; trial November 1973; released, flown to Cairo, 1974). Clippings: 1973. Cleo Noel, US Chargé d'Affaires, and Curtis Moore, his predecessor, were shot, as was the Belgian Chargé d'Affaires, Guy Ed; the assassins attempted to force Jordan to release jailed guerillas in exchange for hostages in Khartoum, and Jordan refused; the gunmen were eventually tried by Sudanese courts; they were then flown out to Cairo and handed over to the PLO 'to finish their sentences'.
47. London Connection: Dr. Diane Campbell Lefevre. Clippings: 1973. Apparent connections to 'Black September', she admitted she had carried explosives; was suspected of being part of a plot to blow up the Israeli embassy in Paris; worked with the Red Crescent in Lebanon, and claimed Israelis had committed serious atrocities against the Palestinians in the refugee camps.
48. Letter-bomb scare in London (Nov 1972) after murder of Israeli diplomat. Clippings: 1972. Letter bombs had been sent from India to Jewish people in London; clampdown after the murder, by letter bomb, of Ami Shachori in the Israeli embassy.
49. Attack on Israeli Embassy, Bangkok; demand for release of terrorists held in Israel, including the Japanese terrorist Okamoto. Clippings: 1972-1973. 'Black September' guerillas seized 6 hostages in the Bangkok embassy, demanded release of 36 Arab prisoners in Israel; Israel refused to negotiate; Thais realized the gunmen missed the fact it was the Prince's investiture, so the Ambassador was away; bloodless result. See also Box 70, Section 3, Envelope 23.
50. Letter bomb kills Dr. Ami Shacori in London (see Envelope 48, this section) Clippings: 1972-1973. First use of letters as bombs, rather than parcels.
51. Letter-bombs: from India, Switzerland, etc. Clippings: 1972-73. Indian officials had found approximately 55 letter bombs sent to western countries; most were in pink envelopes and carried too much postage.
52. Bomb threat to the "QE II"; May, 1972. Clippings: 1972. Bomb hoax, possibly from an idea from a creative writing class.
53. Three Britons kidnapped and murdered in Turkey. Clippings: 1972. Radar technicians were kidnapped and murdered in cold blood by eleven left-wing guerillas. One guerilla survived and was captured.
54. Germany (Expulsions October 1972 after Munich massacre). Clipping: 1972.
55. Trieste Oil Refinery destroyed, August, 1972. Clippings: 1972. 'Black September' claimed responsibility for destroying five oil storage tanks.
56. Murder of Ephraim Elrom in Istanbul; secret agent in Eichmann case. Clippings: 1971. Nine members of the 'Turkish People's Liberation Army" faced hanging after murdering El-Rom.
57. Trefor Williams’s case: Bomb plans against Israel, in collusion with Egyptian Embassy in London. Clippings: 1970. Jailed for 10 years in plot to bomb El Al plane; regarded as a Walter Mitty-type dreamer who wanted to impress MI-5.
58. Early Operations in the 1960s. Clippings: 1967, 1969. Syrian-trained members of the Palestine Liberation Front caught in a cave; Haifa pipeline attacked; Ayed Fares Jamal as terrorist.
59. Clippings: 1974-1975. Cross-border incidents: firing across the border, physical transgression; murder, reprisals, and lack of fear of reprisals amongst terrorists; bombing in Paris.
60. West Bank. Clippings: 1968-1978. Young Arabs within Israel carrying out sabotage, bombings in protest to the Camp David accords; arrests argued to be political, and not for security reasons; young women as couriers.
61. The PLO in Lebanon. Clippings: 1975-1978. Presence and influence on Lebanon; attack on Swedish UN peacekeepers; bombings, including in Beirut; loss of left-wing influence.
Section 4: Arabs and Islam
Arabs:
1. General: Clippings: 1945-1978, and undated. 1945 British Survey report on "The Arab League"; undated (earlier than 1940): "The Arabic Countries"; history of Islam; politics in a divided Arab world; British perspectives.
2. Soviet attitude to Middle East after Nixon's visit and his deal with Egypt. Clippings: 1974. Nixon's success annoyed Russia, who tried to de-stabilize the situation.
3. Religion: Islam. Clippings: 1960-1976, and undated. Modern aspects of Islam: art, architecture, language; the haj; aspects of Sharia law; advertising.
4. Boycott of Jewish Banks and Firms. Clippings: 1975. List of firms to be boycotted was 25 years old in 1975, but oil revenues gave the Arabs more force.
5. Arab Boycott: Trade with Israel. Clippings: 1975-1977. Pressure on nations to stop trade with Israel.
6. Arabs and Mid-East Peace process. Clippings: 1973-1978. The Arab summit meetings showed up the divisions within the Arab world.
7. Arabs in Britain: Property, Gambling, High Spenders. Clippings: 1975-1977, and undated. Increasing numbers of Arab residents in London; expensive purchases of real estate, businesses; attitudes to British society; poor little rich girls. See also Box 65, File 17 for 1978 advertising supplement directed at Arab residents.
8. Life Style. Clippings: 1972, 1976-1978. Factors influencing Arab thought; 1970s socialization of both men and women; Ramadan.
9. Foreign workers. Clippings: 1976-1978. Difficulties for both sides in hiring ex-pats.
10. Arms sales to Arab countries. Clipping: 1978. 'Swingfire' anti-tank weapon.
11. Arab politics. Clippings: 1967-1977, and undated. Tendencies to discuss matters, pass resolutions, and do nothing; divisions are deep.
12. Interview with E. H. Cookridge. Clipping: ca. 1977. Typescript of purported (?) interview with Cookridge, in which he names names; some handwritten notes.
Section 5: UAR(United Arab Republic); Egypt: History, Revolution, Government, Policy
Egypt:
1. Government: King Farouk's regime, and the revolution that deposed him. Clippings: 1953-1976.
2. P.M. Mamdouh Salem; Interior Minister. Former policeman appointed Prime Minister, succeeding Hegazi. Clippings: 1974-1978. His regime, apparent resignation.
3. Nasser and his regime: 1952-1970. (died September, 1970). Clippings: 1956-1974. Book reviews of 1969, 1974 biographies; reports, mostly 1956, when he first took office; some of his military commanders.
4. Government: Secret Service; Moslem Brotherhood. Clippings: 1957-1968, and undated. Reports of trials and executions.
5. Sadat political situation. Clippings: 1971-1978. Student riots, and later riots; negotiations with, and then withdrawal from the Soviet Union and China; ouster of Premier Aziz Sidky, and his own decision to fill that post; his own political party .
6. Sadat's Government, 1970-1975. Clippings: 1970-1975. Includes Cookridge's own account of the sacking of Aziz Sidky.
7. Sadat's Government, 1976-1978. Diplomatic successes; introduction of multi-party system; creation of an opposition party; warnings against Arab states going to war with Israel; economic difficulties inside the country.
8. Prime minister Dr. Aziz Sidky, replacing Fawzi. Foreign Minister: Dr. Murad Ghaleb (sacked September, 1972) who replaced Mahmour Riad, and was himself replaced by Mohammed al-Zayyat. Clippings: 1972. Names of Cabinet, personal vignettes on the Foreign Ministers.
9. Secret Service. Sadat's purge, May, 1971. Dismissal and later trial of: Sabry, Gomaa, Fawzi, and Sharaf, all later granted amnesty in 1974. Clippings: 1971-1974. Undated photo of Fawzi, Cookridge note about imprisonment of Samy Sharaf.
10. Secret Service after 1967: Howeidy (1968-1970). Conflict with the newspaper Al Ahram.
11. Press Control: Mohammed Hassanien Heikal. Clippings: 1974-1978. His firing from the editorship of Al Ahram for failure to toe the party line; increasing retreat by Sadat from a free press.
12. Six-Day War, June, 1967: before and after. Nasser's "Designation" and Restoration. Clippings: 1967-1978. Nasser's attempt at resignation; Sadat's comments on 1973 war.
13. Government: After 1973 war with Israel. Clippings: 1973-1975. Sadat's confidence, success with peace plan; threats of new war in 1974.
14. Government: 1956 Suez attack. Clippings: 1960, 1976. Claim of US ignorance of plans; effect of aftermath on Britain.
15. Government: Work to re-open the Suez Canal (1975) with British, US and Soviet assistance. Clippings: 1974-1976. Sadat decided to re-open the canal, blocked by wrecks and mines from the 1967 war eight years before; fifteen ships had been trapped; British participation in clearing the canal; political and fiscal fallout. See also: Box 72, Section 5, Envelope 27.
16. Government: Plot to assassinate Sadat; attack at military academy (Libya involved!). Trial of 95 in June/July of 1974. Clippings: 1974. Attack on armoury of the military technical college in Cairo; intention to seize arms and then invade meeting of the political party whom Sadat was addressing at the time; Gadaffi blamed; 'Islamic Liberation Organization' had the aim of overthrowing Arab regimes; 50 arrests.
17. Government: Egyptian Communists. Clippings: 1975-1978. Egyptian Communist Party was a banned organization; accused of leading riots and undergoing a resurgence.
Box 72
18. Government: Economy and Economic Problems. Clippings: 1972-1978. Aid in post-war rehabilitation from Iran and Saudi Arabia, the emirates, France, the USA, and Britain; oil exploration; continuing riots and discontent.
19. Egyptian-Israeli Peace Process (1). Clippings: 1967-1975. Seesaw opinions, perspectives during Kissinger's diplomatic efforts; Princess Margaret's state visit to Cairo.
20. Government: Egyptian-Israeli Peace Process (2). Clippings: 1976-1978. Camp David talks.
21. Government: Military and Arms Purchases. Clippings: 1956, 1971, and 1974-1978. Re-arming after the 1973 war.
22. Government: Personalia, Miscellaneous. Clippings: 1968-1978. Pope Kyrollos, General Neguib, Hafez Ismail, El-Leissy Nassef, Om Kalthoum, Dimitrios Bitsios, Maj. Youssef Sediek, Ahmed Osman, Aly Amin, Gen Mohamed Sadek, Mahmoud Abdel Aziz, General Saad El-Shazly, Aly Sabry, nine Egyptian students arrested in Holyhead.
23.Government: History and Historical Sights. Clippings: 1976-1978. Travels up the Nile; proposed resort complex near Giza; treasures at Heathrow; Egyptian Labour Corps.
24. Government: Espionage and Terrorists. Clippings: 1971-1978. Libyan-backed terrorist activities, attacks by 'fanatical Muslims'.
25. Government: Coptic Church. Clipping: 1971. Pope Schenuda III, 117th Pope of the Coptic Church.
26. Government: Ambassador Saad El-Shazly in London (1974); 30 May 1975 transferred to Lisbon after only one year. Clippings: 1973-1975. Egyptian Chief of Staff in the 1973 war; became ambassador to Gt. Britain.
27. Government: Re-Opening of the Suez Canal closed by 1967 War. Clippings: 1972-1975. See also Box 71, Section 5, Envelope 15.
28. Government: Suez, 1956. Clippings: 1957-1973. See also: Box 66, Section 1, Envelope 6; Box 69, Section 2, Envelopes 10, 12. Book reviews; op-ed pieces by later commentators; role of USA in the problem.
29. Government: Attempted Coup and Army Purge, 1972. Clippings: 1972. Sadek replaced by Ismail Ali after army rebellion, and plan to overturn the Sadat regime; many arrests.
30. Government: Relations with Germany; Brandt's visit, 1974. Clippings: 1974.
Section 1: Egypt: Relations With USSR and USA
1. Soviet Experts and Technicians until expulsion, 1972. Clippings: 1968-1973. Strong influence of Russia on Egypt after 1967 war; fading and disillusionment under Sadat; expulsion in 1972.
2. Relations with the Soviet Union. Clippings: 1956-1978. Up and down relationship between Egypt and the Soviet Union; Cookridge note May 5, 1975, on expansion of a Soviet naval base after the expulsion of the Russians in 1972.
3. Relations with Bulgaria. Clippings: 1974, 1978. From trade deals to broken diplomatic relations.
4. Sadat trip to USA, October, 1975; Egypt's 'Western Orientation'. Clippings: 1975. Geopolitical reorientation of Egypt away from the Soviets to the West, and Sadat's determination to present Egypt's best face; Israel's nervousness. See also: Box 71, Section 5, Envelopes 19, 20. in Box 72.
5. Deal with USA on 'Nuclear Assistance'. Clippings: 1974. Outline of Egypt's wishes for nuclear power; apprehension of Israel about 'peaceful purposes'; analysis of Brezhnev as a leader.
6. Relations with the USA. Clippings: 1973-1975. Nixon's visit to both Israel and Egypt, promising nuclear equipment; Israeli worries; Ford's continuance of Nixon's policies.
Section 2: Relations with Arab Countries
1. Miscellaneous. Clippings: 1972-1978, and undated. Egypt's presence in the Arab League, in the emirates, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, the Sudan, Cyprus, Iran; 'oil imperialism' as the sheikhs flexed their muscle; Sadat's diplomatic rounds; concern over Congo.
2. Egypt Secret Service: in Iraq; overthrow of King Faisel. Clippings: 1956. Role of Iraqi intelligence in thwarting some of Nasser's plots; unsatisfactory rebound of Western oil money against the West.
3. Relations with Syria. Clippings: 1974-1976. Dissatisfaction by Egypt with Syrian actions with PLO; rupture of diplomatic ties; rapprochement later, and formation of political partnership to promote Arab unity.
4. Relations with Libya. Clippings: 1969-1978. Variable relations with Libya, ranging from possible political union, to re-forming the United Arab states with Syria and Libya, to accusations of Libyan subversion, a close escape from a border war and expulsion of resident Egyptians from Libya.
5. New Union with Libya, 1973. Clippings: 1972-1973. Early proposal for union.
6. Conflict with Libya; Sadat's accusation of attempted coup by Libya (1974); Gadaffi's visit to Cairo and the 'reconciliation' (1974). Clippings: 1973-1974.
7. Warlike Conflict with Libya, July 1977. Clippings: 1977. Border conflict; outside attempts at mediation; exchange of prisoners.
Section 3: Egyptian Secret Service
1. Gen Hassam Aby Basha, Dep. Minister of the Interior, responsible to Sadat for all security; accused Gaddafi of preparing coup and assassination (₤500,000 to terrorists in Egypt). Clippings: 1976.
2. F. M. Amer, and arrest of intelligence and army chiefs: purge under Nasser. Clippings: 1967-1969. Suicide of Amer; purges in Army and Air Force; purported 'interview' (undated) with Cookridge on spies in the Egyptian army.
3. Agents: Arthur Patterson, 1971; sentenced to 8 years in Israel. Clipping: 1971. Oddball Brit who abused Israelis because of their supposed abuse of him.
4. Organization and heads before 1967 War. Clippings: 1956-1967. Nasser's henchmen; note by Cookridge on Mahmoud Khalil, Col. Fathi Omar, and Pat Domville, Irish, ex SIS. Notation: 'from Sharar's Book!'
5. Heads: Hafez Ismail, ex-chief of Nasser's Military Intelligence; Sadat's National Security chief. Clippings: Feb. 1973. Ismail's whirlwind diplomatic tours, ending in Washington, basically looking for American aid.
6. Nasser's purge after 1967: arrests of Salah Nasr, Interior Minister Radwan, War Minister Ali Badran. Clippings: 1967-1968. Amer was supposedly the leader of a plot to oust Nasser from power.
7. Israeli spies seized. Clippings: 1968-1972. Capture, trials, and prison or death sentences for Israeli spies.
8. Officials as American spies. Clippings: 1968-1972. Egyptian and foreign officials accused as spies for the USA.
9. Ex-Nazis in Egypt. Clippings: 1960-1967, and Cookridge's notes. Names of prominent former Nazis; accusations of anti-Semitic activity by Israel; notes mention those in 1952-54, then 1960, and their Egyptian names.
10. Gen. Hafez Ismail, Director Military Intelligence, Ambassador. President Sadat's National Security Advisor. Empty Envelope.
11. Heads: Vice-President and General Hosny Mubarak (born, 1928, Soviet-trained pilot, technologist). Empty envelope.
12. Ahmed Ismail (Aly). Clippings: 1969-1974. Ismail was Chief of Staff, War Minister and Deputy Premier; he became chief of Intelligence in 1971; died at 57 of cancer in London; much mourned.
13. Zakariah Mohieddin. Clippings: 1970-1971. Internal security advisor to Sadat; former Interior Minister and Prime Minister; when Nasser died, he was seen as the ablest of the possible successors.
14. Miscellaneous. Clippings: 1966-1974. Spy chase; looting of Nasser's safe after his death; Cairo Military Academy attack; religious extremism at Cairo trial.
Section 4: Egypt: Activities Against Israel
1. Egypt: Clashes with Israeli Forces. Clippings: August, 1973. Supposed dogfight near the ceasefire line in Suez; Egypt claimed to have downed one plane; Israel said all planes returned to base.
Section 5: Algerian Secret Service
1. Algeria, General. Clippings: 1973-1974. After independence from France; its oil and gas industry; other facets of its economy.
2. Drug Smuggling: Trap for British smuggler and death sentence. Clippings: 1975. Crackdown by Algeria on smuggling; entrapment of accused smuggler by Algerian authorities.
3. Rabat Conference on Palestine, 1974. Clippings: 1974. Political observations, including an opinion that decisions made at Rabat brought the Middle East closer to another war. See also Box 70, Section 1, Envelope 25; Box 71, Section 3, Envelope 32.
4. Summit after 1973 War. Clippings: 1973. Boycott of summit by Gadaffi, Bakir; translation of the French communiqué from the meeting.
5. Islamic Summit in Lahore. Feb 1974. Clippings: 1974. Meetings featured PLO; adopted the idea of using oil money to alleviate poverty in 'have-not' Moslem countries; no specifics.
6. Heads held by Israel. BOAC aircraft seized, 1969. Clippings: 1970. Plane made a scheduled stop in Israel; two Algerians: Khatib Jaloul, and Ali Benaziz, were detained; Jaloul identified as head of secret police, and Benaziz a senior official of the Algerian security service; denials on both sides, but were detained for two months.
7. Struggle for Liberation: F.L.N., Ferhat Abbas, etc. Clippings: 1958 - 1974. Leadership of the revolt; politics; torture under F.L.N.; obit for Messali Hadj, religious leader who began the fight for independence in 1925.
8. New President Col. Benjedid Chadli, who succeeded Boumedienne (1979). Clipping: 1979.
9. Boumedienne regime since the deposition of Ben Bella (1965); Boumedienne's death. Clippings: 1969-1978. Attempt in the UN to get have-not nations to pool their resources for mutual strength, and to take on the industrial world; later seen as Arab hard-liner; accounts of his illness and death at 51.
10. Boumedienne regime and other Arab countries. Clippings: 1971-1972. Lukewarm attitude to doing away with Israel, and lack of support for Sadat's position except in Algeria and Libya.
11. Ben Bella, deposed by Boumedienne (1965). Clippings: 1968, 1974, 1978. Appeal for Ben Bella's survival through UN; Bouteflika's dismissal by Ben Bella led to the latter's overthrow; suggestion that Ben Bella, at 60, might be reinstated after Boumedienne's death.
12. Support for Black Panthers and American exiles. Clippings: 1970 - 1972. Willingness of Boumedienne regime to offer shelter to rebels from several countries, largely because Cuba was in such poor economic straits; Black Panther leaders started to get money from China, and this worried the Algerians; skyjacking attempts by Panthers failed to obtain ransom money they wanted as income, as Boumedienne insisted upon returning both plane and funds to the USA, and cutting off the Algerian government subsidy.
13. Non-aligned States conference in Algiers, Boumedienne presiding. Clippings: 1973. Opposition to smaller countries being subject to control by powerful nations; derailing of conference by Arab terrorists; bad manners of some attendees; weak results.
14. Support for Polisaro, and fighting with Morocco. Clippings: 1976-2977, and undated. Polisario's attempts to take over Spanish Sahara with Algeria's support; bitter clashes with Morocco; refugee problem; general losses by Algeria.
Section 6: Bahrain and Kuwait
1. Bahrain: General. Clippings: 1967 - 1978. Western military bases in Sharjah, Bahrein; crossroads nature of Bahrein; booklet from philatelic bureau on new issues for 1973 National Day.
2 Kuwait: General and Political. Clippings: 1967-1978. Opposition of Kuwait to western-backed support of Israel; social issues; section of the Financial Times on Kuwait (1976); displeasure of the Ruler with both government and the press; closure of a newspaper, disbanding of the boards of representative associations: lawyers, teachers, etc; democracy was generally shut down
3. Kuwait: Economics. Clippings: 1971-1976. State subsidies for medicine, foreign education, telephone service, etc; ejection of foreign oil companies from the emirate; threats of oil price rise.
4. Kuwait: Arms Purchases. Clippings: 1973-1977. Purchases of arms from USA; lending Mirage fighters to Egypt; buying tanks from Britain; cancelling deal with Russia.
5. Kuwait: tensions with Iraq. Clippings: 1974, 1976. Iraqi border incursions, intimidation; loss of democratic activities; criminalization of mention of Iraq; increased tension.
6. Kuwait: Kuwaitis abroad. Clippings: 1975-1977. Attempt to create playground on barrier island; Kuwaiti robbed in Cannes; becoming Lord of the Manor in British villages.
7. Persian Gulf States: General. Clippings: 1956, 1973-1976. 1956 map of the Persian Gulf oilfields; lifestyles of the rulers and the wealthy.
Section 7: Iraqi Secret Service
1. Iraq, General. Clippings: 1946-1963. King Feisal II and the revolution; British Survey (August 15, 1941) article on Iraq.
2. Iraq: Revolution. Clippings: 1958, 1969. Death of Feisal at 23, other atrocities; changes in Revolutionary Council.
3. Iraq: Successive Governments and History: 1921 King Feisal. King Feisal II assassinated 1958; 1958, Gen Kassem (Quasim) 1958-1963 - executed; 1963, Abdul Salim Arif 1963-1966 - killed in air crash. 1965, PM was Dr. Abdul Rahman al-Bazzaz; 1966 - Abdul Rahman Arif 1966-1968 (exiled); 1968, Gen. Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr (Abdul Razzak al-Naif led the coup, but was shouldered out by Bakr - he went to London at the time of writing: 1973). Clippings: 1957-1977.
4. Iraq: General Situations. Clippings: 1973-1977. Optimism for the future of Iraq under Ba'ath Party; lack of fiscal control; social issues.
5. Iraq: Spy "plots" and Executions in 1969. Clippings: 1969-1971. Arrests and executions by the Iraqi government of Iraqi Jews and others charged as spies for Israel, the USA, and Iran; world reaction.
6. Iraq: Putsch attempt by Officers foiled; 40 executed. Clippings: 1970.
7. Iraq: Welcome to Sudan coup attempt; officials die in plane crash. Clipping: 1971. Plane 'exploded and crashed' at Jeddah en route to Khartoum; questions of sabotage; Cookridge comment that it was a connection with the coup in the Sudan, and the killing of two officers from London.
8. Iraq: Expulsion of British Diplomats, 1971. Clipping: 1971.
9. Iraq: Putsch attempt foiled in 1972; 45 officers executed. Clipping: 1972.
10. Iraqi Secret Service: Heads (1973). Saddam Huseini ("Vice-President") Vice Chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council(and Intelligence. Clippings: 1973, 1975. Saddam Hussein's rise to power.). See Whitaker, 1974, on dismissal in 1971 of Vice-President General Ammash, and Foreign Minister Abdel Karim al Shaikhli
11. Iraq: Putsch attempt foiled (1973); 17 officers executed. Clipping: 1973.
12. Iraqi Secret Service: Connections with Abu Nidal Palestinian group; also of assassinations of dissidents abroad, and P.L.O. Clippings: 1978. Attempts to prevent London from becoming an Arab battleground;
13. Iraq: Expulsion of 11 Iraqis from London; Iraqi terrorist suspects. Clippings: 1978. Threats from Iraq over expulsions.
14. Iraq: Relations with USSR. Clippings: 1972-1978. Declining relationship going from friendship port and Soviet arms provision to execution of Iraqi Communists.
15. Iraq: Assassination of exiles, Various. See also PLO: Iraqi-controlled factions: Box 70, Section 1, Envelope 17.
16. Iraq: Assassinations of exiles: Abdul Razak al-Naif. First attempt, Feb. 1972; Assassination July, 1978. Clippings: 1970-1978. Newspaper warning of attempts to kill exiled Iraqis; failed, and then successful attacks on al-Naif.
17. Iraq: Iraqi Kurds: Longstanding revolts; Mustafa Barzani, etc. Clippings: 1952-1977. Rebellion against Iraqi government; barbaric treatment of innocent Kurdish villagers by Ba'athists; Iraqi attempts to starve the entire Kurdish population; Iraq offering amnesty and then killing those who accepted it.
18. Iraq: Kurds: Renewed revolt and Iraqi reprisals (Persian assistance to Kurds). Clippings: 1973-1975. Includes reports of Soviet assistance to Iraq.
19. Iraq: Liquidation of Kurds, after agreement with Iran. Clippings: 1975. Iraq's apparent amity with Iran, but breaking the spirit of it; Saddam Hussein in power, and breaking his word; Kurds streaming across the border to uncertain exile in Iran after yet another offer of amnesty by the Ba'athists; rejection of negotiated settlement proposed by Kurds; advance of army into abandoned Kurdish strongholds.
20. Iraq: Relations with non-Arab countries. Clippings: 1973-1978. Diplomatic ties: USA and the West; spat with Britain over Arab shoplifting; control of trade, oil transport; political asylum for Iraqis in the west
21. Iraq: Arms Purchases. Clippings:1968, 1977. Mirage jets; small arms.
22. Iraq: Conflict with Israel. Clippings: 1968-1976. Iraq at war with Israel since 1948; hanging of Israelis; ethnic violence; troops 'donated' to Egypt for 1973 war; opposition to peace process.
23. Iraq: Terrorist attacks. Clippings: 1973-1977. Problems within Iraq.
24. Iraq: relations with Arab countries. Clippings: 1975-1979. Iraq and Syria' border scuffles, problems in Ethiopia; anti-Sadat Tripoli Alliance; Assad/Saddam talks.
25. Iraq: Cookridge's notes. Clippings: undated, handwritten. Comments about Iraqi-Soviet relations; Iraqi leadership; changes to leadership; executions/killings.
26. Iraq: Coup attempt by Secret Service Chief Kazzar, 30 June, 1973, and murder of Defense Minister Shehab. Kazzar executed July, 1973, along with 36 others. "Vengeance" by Baghdad Axman (September, 1973). Clippings: 1973. Purge followed the coup plot; Saddam Hussein as spokesman and power broker.
Box 73
Section1: Jordan Secret Service
Jordan:
1. History. Undated, post WWII clipping on Jordanian history.
2. Miscellaneous. Clippings: 1967 - 1978. Its people, politicians, and the country in general.
3. King Hussein: Personal, marriages, etc. Clippings: 1961-1978. Includes an advertisement for the memoirs of his grandfather, King Abdullah.
4. King Hussein's Plan for West Bank Federation. Clippings: 1972. Proposal for a 'United Arab Kingdom', linking West Bank Arabs in a federal union with the East Bank.
5. Assassination attempts on King Hussein. Clippings: 1972-1974. Attempts by 'Black September', the PLO, and others.
Jordan Secret Service:
6. Heads and Organization. Clippings: 1968-1974. Major-General Mohammed Rasoul al-Kilani as Head of Intelligence, and later National Security Advisor.
7. Abu Daoud, al-Fatah leader captured, sentenced to death, reprieved (1973); release of terrorists and Abu Daoud September 19, 1973. Clippings: 1973. Related to Black September guerillas.
8. Final Action against al-Fatah Guerillas (July, 1971). Clippings: 1971.
9. King Hussein's own story of the 6-Day War of 1967. Clippings: 1968. Two articles in the Sunday Telegraph.
10. Palestinians' Rebellion after sky-jacking, Sept. 1970. Clippings: 1970. Palestinian guerillas fighting Jordanians in early 1970; fighting in Jordan after the guerillas seized and blew up a TWA aircraft in Amman.
11. Hussein's climb-down at Rabat (1974); compromise with Arafat. Clippings: 1974.
12. Operations against Palestinians. Clippings: 1968-1971, and undated. See also this Section, Envelopes 8, 10, 11.
13. Prime Minister Zaid Rifai. Former Ambassador to London; attempted assassination Dec. 1971. Clippings: 1971-1973. Black September assassination attempt; French refusal to extradite the accused assassin; Rifai's appointment in 1973 as Prime Minister of Jordan.
14. Sale of (British) Arms to South Africa and Rhodesia. Clippings: 1974, and Cookridge's handwritten note attributing information on the sale to Israeli Intelligence.
15. Jordanian Arms Purchases. Clippings: 1974-1976. American refusal to sell an anti-aircraft system to Jordan led to Jordanian talks with the Soviet Union, and then led back to the United States.
Jordan:
16. Jordan, the West Bank, and the Mid-East Peace Process. Clippings: 1973-1979.
17. Jordan and Israel. Clippings: 1968-1978. Relations between Jordan and Israel in the light of Middle East peace talks.
18. Jordan Secret Service: Jordan's relations with other Arab states. Clippings: 1967-1975.
Section 2: Lebanon
1. History and Government. Clippings: 1969-1973. Historical information; undated MEA (Middle East Airways) brochure on Lebanon.
2. Secret Service and Espionage. Clipping: 1973. Cookridge's note on the appointment of Joseph Dahrouj as Director of Internal Security Services.
3. Population, Economics, Beirut. Clippings: 1966-1975. Lebanon's economic life and Beirut; undated article on Beirut, almost certainly from Reader's Digest.
4. Fighting against Palestinian Terrorists. Clippings: 1972-1974. Internecine warfare.
5. Israeli Punitive Invasions. Clippings: 1972-1975.
6. Clashes between Palestinians and Lebanese Falangists (1974, 1975). Clippings: 1974-1975. Reports of clashes leading up to the Civil War.
7. Military Government after Falangist/Palestinian fighting in Beirut; succeeded by Prime Minister Karami. Clippings: 1974-1975.
8. Renewed Civil War in Beirut (1975). Clippings: August-December, 1975.
9. Palestinian guerillas in bid for power. Clippings: 1974-1975. One of the initiating factors in the civil war.
10. Syrian intervention in 'Truce' between Left and Right. Clippings: 1975-1976.
11. American help for right-wing Falangists: arms supplies. Clippings: 1975.
12. Government chaos during Beirut fight (1975). Clippings: 1975.
Renewed Civil War in Beirut:
13. Jan.-Mar., 1976. Clippings: 1976.
14. April-May, 1976. Clippings: 1976. Peace efforts; elections; subsequent fighting.
15. June-July, 1976. Clippings: 1976. Arab League peace efforts.
16. August-September, 1976. Clippings: 1976. Iraqi soldiers sent to aid leftist/Palestinian forces; more peace talks.
17. October-December, 1976. Clippings: 1976. The economic costs of war; Syrian invasion.
18. PLO and Syrian Involvement, January-June, 1976. Clippings: 1976. Back-and-forth battles over Lebanon by PLO and Syrian leaders.
19. January, 1977-June, 1978. Clippings: 1977-1978. Press censorship; fighting in Israeli border; UNH peacekeeping forces; Israeli invasion.
20. July, 1978-November, 1978. Clippings: 1978. UN peacekeeping ; renewed fighting after Syrian attacks.
21. July, 1976 - October 1978. Clippings: 1976-1978. Syrian attacks; Iraqi troops with Syrians.
22. Lebanon: Coup by Gen. Aziz Ahdab, and ousting of President Franjieh (1976). Clippings: 1974-1976. See also This Section, Envelope 18.
23. Lebanon: Miscellaneous. Clippings: 1974-1975, and undated. Arab terrorists; Palestinian refugees; caricature of Henry Kissinger; advertisement for Bulloch, J. Death of a Country: Civil War in Lebanon (McMaster Library: DS87.B84).
Section 3: Libya
1. Under King Idris: 1946-1969. Clippings: 1947-1974. Libya and its historical background; King Idris, deposed in 1969, became Egyptian citizen in 1974.
2. Col. Muammar el Gaddafi (Quadhafi); coup against King Idris, Sept. 1969. Clippings: 1972-1973. Gaddafi and his background.
3. Gaddafi (Biographical and background of the regime); also other leaders of the Revolutionary Command Council. Clippings: 1970-1974. Handwritten note by Cookridge on some members of the Revolutionary Council.
4. Gaddafi and his government. Clippings: 1970-1978. Libyan government, especially at 3, 5, and 8 years after the King's overthrow; young pilots fleeing Libya.
5. Governmental statements on Policy, Economics, etc. Clippings: 1975-1978.
6. March on Cairo for Unity - Gaddafi resigns, and comes back. Clippings: 1972-1973. Proposed union of Egypt and Libya; its failure; the failure of the Libyan march on Cairo.
7. Varied relations with Egypt; dispute, 1975. Clippings: 1973-1978, and undated. Variances in the relationship between the two countries, ranging from union to war; claims (undated) that Arab leaders agreed Gaddafi should be overthrown. See also Box 72, Section 2, Envelopes 4, 5.
8. Relations with other Arab countries, including assistance during wars against Israel. Clippings: 1971-1978. Failed union between Libya and Tunisia; admission that Libyan air force took part in the 1973 war against Israel; Libya's financial support for the war; Gaddafi's varying influence in the Arab world.
9. Assistance to Palestinian Terrorists. Clippings: 1972-1973. Support for 'Black September' from Libya.
10. Foreign Relations: Assistance to the 'anti-imperialists', such as Amin of Uganda, Malta, etc (1973), Philippines rebels, arms for IRA, Contacts with Ulster Loyalists. Clippings: 1972-1978. Support for the above, plus rebels in Portuguese Guinea, the Central African Republic, Chad; handwritten note by Cookridge about Libyan arms to the IRA.
11. Relations with other countries. Clippings: 1973-1979, and undated. Libya's actions against other countries and groups; arms for the Tutsis in Burundi in their genocidal war against the Hutus; annexation of part of Chad.
12. Relations with Britain: Libyan Officers trained in Britain and Malta. Clippings: 1973-1975. Libyan air traffic controllers, pilots, trained in Malta, the USA and Switzerland; British training of Libyan seamen; embargo on British imports.
13. Anti-British and anti-American measures; expulsion of British and Americans; nationalization of oil. Clippings: 1972-1975.
14. Foreign relations: France; arms deals. Clippings: 1973-1976, and undated.
15. Foreign relations: USSR; Kosygin's visit, arms deal (1974-1975). Clippings: 1972-1978. Arms sales in1976; establishment of a Soviet naval base in Libya; support for Ethiopia with Soviet arms; Soviet nuclear power plant; plans for Libya to obtain Soviet nuclear weapons.
16. Attempts at Nuclear potential. Clippings: 1975. See also this Section, Envelopes 1, 15.
17. Officers' Plot: opposition to Gaddafi. Clippings: 1974-1975. Two coup attempts. See also this Section, Envelope 23.
18. 'The Hilton Assignment': plot to overthrow Gaddafi, 1970, 1971; Patrick Seale's story. Clippings: 1973. Three-part newspaper story; reviews of Seale, P. and McConville, M. The Hilton Assignment.
19. Libyan airliner shot down over Israel (1973). Clippings: 1973. The airliner had entered Israeli airspace east of the Suez Canal.
20. Libyan madman (drunk?) kidnap of aircraft to Israel. Clipping: 1973. Foiled by Israeli forces; no damage.
21. Gaddafi's actions for assassinations of Sadat, Bourgouibi; implications in attack on Cairo military academy. Clippings: 1975, undated.
22. Contacts with Plaid Cymru - Welsh Nationalists. Clippings: 1976.
23. Repression. Clippings: 1975-1977, and undated. Prisoners in Libya; death penalty; torture; execution of officers in 1975 coup attempt. See also this section, Envelope 17.
24. Libya and terrorists. Clippings: 1976-1978. Involvement in supplying detonators to terrorists; assassination plots and murders outside Libya; Gaddafi's support of skyjackings.
Box 74
Section 1:Mauritania.
1. General. Clippings: 1977-1978. Saharan War; military coup.
Section 2: Morocco
1. General. Clippings: 1944-1978. History, people, rulers; Morocco as a drug-running centre.
2. Attempt to assassinate Hassan at his 42nd birthday party; Minister of Defense and others killed. Clippings: 1971-1975.
3. Attempt to shoot down Hassan's plane (1972); Lt. Col Muhamed Amerkane, Lt. Midaoui responsible for air attack; fled by helicopter to Gibraltar, but were handed over to the Moroccan police. Both executed Jan. 1973. Widow of Amerkane paid ₤37,500 by British Govt after lawsuit; plea by Hassan for Spain to negotiate settlement to Spanish Sahara future. Clippings: 1972-1975. See also this Section, Envelope 4.
4. Secret Service chief Gen Mohamed Oufkir: alleged suicide after second attempt on King Hassan (1972). Clippings: 1972-1973. See also this Section, Envelope 3.
5. New Coup attempts and executions. Clippings: 1973-1977, and undated.
6. Moroccan and American girl in kidnap attempt case in London (1974). Clippings: 1974.
7. March to Spanish Sahara. See also Spain. Clippings: 1975. Part of an attempt to take over Western Sahara.
8. Conflict with Spain over Sahara and phosphate; Spanish relinquish Sahara. Clippings: 1974-1978.
9. Western Sahara and the Polisario. Clippings: 1975-1978. Moroccan seizure of control over Western Sahara, and subsequent warfare with the Polisario guerillas.
10. Morocco and Britain. Clippings: 1969-1978. British individuals and problems with Morocco.
11. Miscellaneous. Clippings: 1971-1977. The country; property seizures; the royal court; changes to the government; Moroccan support of Zaire in Angolan invasion.
Section 3: Oman
1. General: History, Rulers, People, Economics, etc. Clippings: 1966-1978. From obscurity to being courted by the Chinese. See also Box 65, File 17.
2. War against rebels; British military aid. British officers in Oman. Clippings: 1968-1978. Communist rebels, supplied and armed by Iraq, China, and the Soviet Union, and opposed by Britain, followed by Jordan and Iran, brought under control after a lengthy struggle (1968-1973).
3. British and American bases, against Soviet fleet in Gulf. Clippings: 1975.
4. British Support - General. Clippings: 1976-1977, and undated. British military and arms support.
Section 4: Saudi Arabia
1. History, Creation, Ibn Saud. Clippings: 1956-1974, and undated. See also Box 65, File 17.
2. Economics, Oil. Development of oil fields by Arabian-American Oil Co (1956), with infusions of cash; cuts in supply to USA in 1974; huge profits from selling oil; wealth of the nation; political control.
3. Industrial Economy. Clippings: 1976-1978. Development of industry.
4. Pilgrimage to Mecca: Profits and Arab propaganda out of pilgrimages. Clippings: 1972-1975. Advertisement for a book of photographs, "Pilgrimage to Mecca" by Mohamed Amin.
5. King Faisal's Regime. Clippings: 1973-1975. The king as the controller of oil supplies.
6. The assassination of King Faisal, March, 1975. Shot by his nephew, Faisal bin Museid.
7. Assassination Faisal by Faisal bin Museid (Msaad): Interrogation regarding possible conspiracy; trial, beheading of murderer. Clippings: 1975.
8. Assassination of Faisal: Repercussions in the Arab world. Clippings: 1975. Commentary from the West on the possible future of the country.
9. After the assassination of King Faisal: King Khalid, and Crown Prince Fahd. Political Changes, 1975. Clippings: 1975-1978. Khalid's policies of generosity within the framework of an anti-Israeli philosophy; Prince Fahd as tough-minded economist.
10. Aid to Arab States, and relations with other countries. Clippings: 1962-1975.
11. Intelligence Service + CIA. American training, US arms deals; Kamel Adham, Head of security. Clippings: 1966-1977, and handwritten notes. British arms support; general data on military strength in the Persian Gulf; notes on CIA links and arms purchases.
12. Slaves. Clippings: 1956-1963. Slavery in Saudi Arabia.
13. Adnan Khashoggi. Clippings: 1976. Arms dealer.
14. Relations with France. Clippings: 1977-1978. French nuclear research centre in Saudi; arms sales; diplomatic relations.
15. Relations with United States. Clippings: 1974-1978, and undated. Diplomacy; sales of arms; oil supply pressure, aircraft sales.
16. Relations with Great Britain. Clippings: 1973-1979. Diplomacy; sales of arms and commercial goods; Saudi 'high spenders' in the UK; British workers in Saudi. See also: Box 71, Section 4, Envelope 7; Box 72, Section 6, Envelope 7.
17. Saudi Arabia's 'Dark Age' justices. Clippings: 1978. Reports of execution of Saudi Princess for eloping, and other executions; sharia law.
18. Miscellaneous. Clippings: 1974-1978. Foreign relations; policies; people.
Section 5: Sudan
1. General. Clippings: 1947-1969. British Survey Magazine Vol. VIII #4, March, 1947 on 'The Anglo-Egyptian Sudan', 16 pp; the coup which ended with Numeiry as head of the regime.
2. Plot against Numeiry foiled, July 1971; Plot leaders: Lt. Col. An Nour Osman, Major Farook Hamadalla, flying from London, were kidnapped to Libya, handed over, and executed. Clippings: 1971, BOAC VC-10 passenger aircraft carrying two leaders of the communist attempted coup was forced to land in Libya; Numeiry's counter-coup led to an anti-Communist purge.
3. Clippings: 1972-1975. Conflict between North and South Sudan; rejection of Fatah and 'Black September' after Khartoum massacre; internal unrest; relations with other African countries; anti-Communist activities; economics.
4. September 1975 coup attempt. Clippings 1975-1976. The attempt, arrests, sentencing, executions.
5. Coup attempt by Libya (1976) during Pres. Numeiry's absence at Mauritius; he accuses Gaddafi. Clippings: 1975, and undated. Failed coup; trials and executions of plotters and invaders; Libya blamed; controversy with Britain over BBC broadcasts.
6. Sudan and the Soviet Union. Clippings: 1977. Expulsion of Soviet diplomats; 'anti-Soviet' attacks.
7. Sudan and Ethiopia. Clippings: 1977. Tensions and skirmishes between Sudan and Ethiopia.
8. Numeiry and his government. Clippings: 1976-1978. Includes reconciliation with Sadiq al-Mahdi.
Section 6: Syria
1. Before 1971. Clippings: 1966-1971. Events before and approaching Hafez el-Assad's seizure of power in November, 1970.
2. Recent Developments from 1972 onward under Assad. Clippings: 1973-1978. The Euphrates Dam; Cookridge handwritten note about Syrian dreams of a united Arab state.
3. Conflict with Iraq (1975) over the water of the Euphrates. Clippings: 1973-1979. Tensions between the countries; 1979 mutual defense pact.
4. Syria and the Soviet Union. Clippings: 1971-1978. Varying relations with the Soviet Union and Soviet arms supplies; Soviet assistance to Syria in the 1973 War.
5. Syria, Britain, and the United States. Clippings: 1973-1976. Diplomatic postings; requests for arms, etc.
6. Syrian Jews. Clippings: 1967-1976, and undated. Mistreatment of Syrian Jews.
7. Syria and Lebanon. Clippings: 1974-1978, and undated.
8. Syria, Israel, and the Middle East Peace process. Clippings: 1973-1978.
9. Syria and the Golan: Kissinger, Gromyko, the UN, etc. Clippings: 1974-1976.
10. Army tension. Clippings: Dec. 1972-Jan. 1973. Israeli reprisals.
11. Opposition to Assad. Clippings: 1973-1978.
Section 7:Syrian Secret Service
1. Col. Serraj. 1956: Chief of Intelligence under Pres. Kuwatli and PM Sabri-el-Asali; 1958: Union with Egypt, as Min. of Interior; 1959 (Americans in Damascus trying to engineer a coup) until coup in Sept. 1961, he was the 'miniature Nasser of Syria'; 1961 - arrested, escaped to Cairo (by anti-Nasser Ba'ath). Clippings: 1957. Under Serraj, a leftward swing toward the Soviet Union.
2. Ba'ath young officers' coup, Feb. 1963 under Salah al Bitar, followed by pro-Nasser demonstrations ten days of Ziyah-al-Hariri); then 1963: Amin al-Hafiz; al-Jundi death.; Feb 1966 left Ba'ath: Salal al-Jadid: Attasi; Nov. 13, 1970: Hafez al-Assad. Clippings: 1962-1969. Throughout, a strong Soviet influence.
3. Syria: General situation. Clippings: 1957. Also handwritten note about Syrian intelligence.
Section 8: Tunisia
1. French-Tunisian Clash at Bizerta, 1961. Clipping: 1961.
2. Bourguiba's mediation plan (1973) between Israel and the Arabs. Clippings: 1973, and undated.
3. General. Clippings: 1967-1978. Miscellaneous items.
4. Proposed Libya-Tunisia link. Clippings: 1974. Proposed merger, and its rejection by Tunisians.
5. Tunisia and the Soviet Union. Clippings: 1975-1976. Kosygin's visit.
6. Opposition to the government. Clippings: 1974, 1978. General strike against the government; arrests and jailing of its leaders; handwritten note of other arrests and trials for 'plotting against the security of the state'.
Section 9: United Arab Emirates: Abu Dhabi, Ajman, Dubai, Fujairah, Sharjah, Ras Al Khaimah, Umm Al Qaiwain.
1. Persian Gulf States: General. Clippings: 1968-1978. Information about the region, the people, and the economy.
2. United Arab Emirates: General. Clippings: 1975-1978, and undated. History of the emirates; diplomats; immigrant-running; drugs.
3. United Arab Emirates: Abu Dhabi. Clippings: 1975-1976. Its economy; ruler.
4. United Arab Emirates: Dubai. Clippings: 1968-1977. The economy; the people; Muhammad Mahdi al-Tajir.
5. United Arab Emirates: Qatar. Clippings: 1976, 1978. The ruler; smuggling.
Section 10: Yemen: Yemen Arab Republic (Taiz & Sana'a), and People's Democratic Republic of Yemen (Aden)
1. General and History. Clippings: 1956-1978. Yemeni royalty; Aden and British involvement; three-part series on the Yemens.
2. Pre-Independence Fighting. Clippings: 1967. Includes Egyptian use of poison gas in Yemen.
3. Government. Clippings: 1974-1978. 1974 North Yemen coup led by Ibrahim al-Hamdi; his assassination in 1977; assumption of power by Ahmed Husain al Gasmi; al-Gashmi's assassination in 1978 blamed on South Yemen; subsequent upheaval in South Yemen, and Arab League boycott of South Yemen; North Yemeni President Ali Abdullah Saleh succeeds al Gashmi in 1978; foiled coup attempt in October 1978 ends clippings.
4. North Yemen - General. Clippings: 1973-1976. US arms sales; dwindling Soviet influence; loss of military links with Soviet in 1976.
5. Assassination of North Yemeni former Prime Minister Abdullah al-Hajri, his wife, Fatimah, and Abdullah Ali al-Hammami in London. Clippings: 1977. Police search for those involved; Marxist involvement in the murders was suspected.
6. Aden (South Yemen). President Salem Rubia Ali. Clippings: 1978. Ouster and execution of President Ali after a coup touched off by the bomb assassination of al-Gashmi in North Yemen (See This Section, Envelope 3); Moscow's influence on South Yemen.
7. South Yemen (Aden) - General. Clippings: 1967-1978. Varying Soviet influence in this generally Marxist region.
Box 75
Africa
Section 1: Africa: General
1. Clippings: 1939-1978. African history; colonial rule and its end. Includes British Survey Vol. I (8), August 4, 1939 on European colonization in Africa; Africa, 1964, of July 10, 1964; Sunday Telegraph 3-part series entitled, " Under Black Rule" of July/August, 1970; black leaders and heads of state.
2. Communist Infiltration. Africa Institute Bulletin. Vol. VI (5): 130-161. June 1968. South African publication from "The Africa Institute of South Africa" which is a multi-university-based body for "collecting and scientific processing of data relevant to the well-being of man on the African continent, and [its] dissemination…to interested bodies and the general public…"
Section 2: Organization of African Unity (O.A.U.)
1. Assembly in Kampala, 1975. Clippings: 1975. Idi Amin was host;.
2. General. Clippings: 1964-1977, and undated. The organization; its activities; its failures; issue of Africa, 1964 (#15), July 24, 1964; Angola crisis.
Section 3: People's Democratic Republic of Angola
1 Portugal and Angola: Independence and Troubles. Clippings: 1974-1975. Mercenaries in the civil war; large number from Cuba; General Spinola and the army mutiny.
2. USA through the CIA: Intervention in Angola. Clippings: 1975-1976. Involvement of numerous outside elements in addition to the USA, in Angola: Zaire, China, Russia, North Korea, South Africa, Cuba.
3. Cuban aid to MPLA, and Victory; Soviet Arms Assistance. Clippings: 1975-1976. Russian aid includes 'advisors', tanks, fighter aircraft, other arms, and supply aircraft; East German and Nigerian support for the Marxists; effects of SWAPO and Cuban troops on refugees.
4. South African intervention in Angola, 1975-1976. Clippings: 1975-1976. Support for Nationalists; active participation in bloodshed, with losses and captures; invasion and repulsion by Marxist groups; amendments of South African law to make it legal for them to intervene in Africa anywhere south of the equator; trials of South African soldiers; UN inquiry sought by South Africa.
5. British Mercenaries See also this Section, Envelope 7. Clipping: 1978. See also: Box 42A, F5; Box 75, Section 3, Envelope 1.
6. Trial of British and other mercenaries, June, 1976. Four executed. Clippings: 1976. Trials and execution of Costas Georgiou, known as 'Callan', and three other British mercenaries. See also: Box 41B, Files 24, 27.
7. MPLA total victory and new government: President, Dr. Neto. Clippings: 1975-1977. Includes 1977 coup attempt.
Section 4: Comoros
1. Clippings: 1975-1978. Rebellion against overthrow of President Ali Soilih; attempted secession of Anjouan Island.
Section 5: Congo (see also “Zaire”, Box 76, Section 12)
1. Clippings: 1977. Assassination of President Ngouabi and his replacement by Joachim Yhomby Opango.
2. Clippings: 1955-1976, and undated. General information about Congo; background and information on Moise Tshombe; seizure of his airplane flight, and his delivery to Algeria by Francis Bodenan; Tshombe's 'trial' and subsequent death; detailed report of his kidnapping.
Section 6: Djibouti
1. Clippings: 1977. Includes threats from Somalia; independence from France, 1976.
Section 7: Ethiopia
1. General. Clippings: 1944-1974. General articles about Ethiopia and its history; copy of British Survey Vol V (21), August 12, 1944; photo and article about Haile Selassie, the Emperor; book review of Hardie, F. 'The Abyssinian Crisis' (McMaster Call #: DT 387.8 .H34, 1974), and Coffey, T.M. 'Lion by the Tail: the Story of the Italian/Ethiopian War.
2. Haile Selassie: Imprisonment, Illness, Death (1975). Clippings: 1974-1976. Revolts in Ethiopia leading the Haile Selassie's deposition; actions against the royal family; Haile Selassie's death in August, 1975.
3. Deposing Haile Selassie, and the government. Clippings: 1974. Army coup; show trials of the deposed cabinet members and officials, and mass executions.
4.: Marxist government. Clippings: 1975-1978. Progress of the government formed after Haile Selassie's overthrow; arrests and killings; attempted coups; in-fighting amongst the Marxist dictatorship members; Cuban troops in Ethiopia; Russian arms deals.
5. Eritrea. Clippings: 1972-1978. Revolt in Eritrea against the Ethiopian government.
6. Britons kidnapped by Eritrean rebels. Clippings: 1975-1977. Kidnapping of Basil Burwood-Taylor, the honorary consul in Avmara; the Tyler family, Jon Swain, Ian MacCherney, Brian Haslehurst, Bruce Thomerson, Tom Davies.
Section 8: Equatorial Guinea
1. Clippings: 1974-1976. The reign of terror and oppression by President and Dictator Francisco Macias Nguema.
Section 9: Mozambique
1. Portugal-Mozambique massacres; also, Caetano's visit to London. Clippings: 1973-1974. Communist-led rebels, using Soviet arms, against the massacre of Africans by the Portuguese; Caetano visited London in July, 1973.
2. Independence and troubles. Clippings: 1973-1975, and undated. Profiles of Samora Machel, the Communist President at independence; Chinese-style purge; threats of sanctions from South Africa.
3. Independence, 1975. Clipping: 1975.
4. Post-Independence. Clippings: 1975-1977. Cuban and Soviet influence, and Soviet arms supplies.
5. Conflict with Rhodesia. Clippings: 1974-1976. Raids from Mozambique into Rhodesia and vice versa; South Africa offers aid to Rhodesia; Chinese training of Mozambique fighters in Mozambique; Russian support for black nationalists in Mozambique who were fighting Rhodesia.
Section 10: Rhodesia (Zimbabwe)
1. General. Clippings: 1965-1977. History; fight against black independence; political movements.
2. Smith's 'Surrender' and comments, Sept. 1976. Acceptance of black rule - Nkomo; Kissinger's visits; statements by African Presidents and guerillas. Clippings: September, 1976.
3. Summit at Victoria Falls. Smith + Nationalists = Voster + Kauanda. Clippings: 1975. Attempts to establish a negotiated settlement.
4. Settlement Efforts. Clippings: 1974-1978. More efforts toward a negotiated settlement.
5. Niesewand Case. Clippings: 1973 and undated. Arrest of journalist Peter Niesewand on unspecified charges under the Official Secrets Act; his trial in camera; conviction; the resultant outcry; his appeal and release; his arrival in England; a review of his book "In Camera".
6. Terrorists. Clippings: 1973-1977. Terrorist attacks by and on the black guerillas.
7. Black opposition groups. Clippings: 1973-1978. Action by the government against the opposition groups; in-fighting between the two groups.
8. Influence of the Soviet Union. Clippings: 1976. Soviet efforts to influence the opposition groups, and other nations' opposition to their efforts.
9. Mercenaries. Clippings: 1975-1978. Attempts to hire mercenaries; degree of success; opposition by Britain.
10. Conflict in adjacent states. Clippings: 1972-1977. Battles with guerilla forces in Mozambique, Zambia, and Botswana.
11. Britain and the Commonwealth. Clippings: 1972-1976. Diplomatic and other relations.
12. Kissinger. Clippings: 1976. Dr. Kissinger's efforts to bring about a negotiated settlement.
13. Church Leaders. Clippings: 1973-1976. Reactions of church leaders to the actions of the Smith government. The arrest, trial, conviction and imprisonment of the Rt. Rev. David Lamont.
14. The Sithole Cases: Rev. Ndabaningi Sithole, Dr. Edson Sithole. Clippings: 1974-1977. Arrest and subsequent disappearance of Dr. Edson Sithole; arrest, trial, conviction, appeal and release of Dr. Ndabaningi Sithole, leader of the Zimbabwe African National Union.
15. The Todd Case. Clippings: 1969-1970. House detention of Garfield Todd, former Rhodesian Prime Minister, and of his daughter who, when released, went to Britain; Mr. Todd was detained on two occasions.
16. Trials of Alfred Trevor Gallaher, Roger Nicholson (CIA agents). Clippings: 1969-1970. Convicted spies were deported; Cookridge's handwritten note about the CIA in Rhodesia.
17. Sanctions: McIntosh Case. Clippings: 1974-1975. His trial sentencing, escape from custody to Mozambique; he was handed back to Rhodesia by Mozambique, with all the resultant diplomatic questions; McIntosh had exposed Rhodesia's breaking of UN sanctions.
18. Portugal. Clippings: 1974. Effect on Rhodesia of the coup in Portugal.
19. Rhodesian Secret Service: Counter-measures against sanctions. Clippings: 1969-1977. Articles about Rhodesia's breaking the UN sanctions.
Section 11: Somalia
1. General. Clippings: 1969-1978. Geography, economics and politics.
2. Soviet infiltration. Clippings: 1973-1977. Soviet influence and military bases in Somalia before expulsion in 1977.
Box 76
Section 1: South Africa
1. South-West Africa (Namibia). Clippings: 1946, 1972-1978. History; the in-fighting of the independence movements with Soviet, Cuban, South African and UN influences on the process.
South Africa:
2. Clippings: 1941, and undated. History of South Africa; issue of The British Survey, Vol. II (26): 101-104, May 30, 1941, "South Africa at War"; South African Information Service publication, issued in 1967 or 1968, 24 pp: "Setting the Record Straight: the United Nations and South Africa."
3. General. Clippings: 1964-1978. People, leaders, economy, government, politics; South African freedom Foundation.
4. Apartheid. Clippings: 1973-1978. How apartheid works; its supporters and opponents.
5. Elections, 1974. Clippings: 1974. Vorster's election and subsequent government actions; repression; Robben Island and other prisons.
6. Soweto Massacre and other Disturbances, 1976. Clippings: 1976. Riots and the conditions leading up to them.
7. Repression. Clippings: 1970-1978. Detentions, imprisonment, torture, deaths of detainees, and other repressive acts by South African authorities.
8. President Nicholas Diedrichs. Clippings: 1975-1978. His election and his death.
9. United Nations. Clippings: 1974-1976. UN threat to remove South Africa from its membership; strong condemnation of the Voerster government.
10. Press Restraints. Clippings: 1969-1977.
11. Steve Biko. Clippings: 1977-1978. Imprisonment and death of Steve Biko; subsequent questions about the cause of death and those responsible.
12. Department of Information Scandal. Clippings: 1978. The department was disbanded after a scandal affecting the Minister: Dr. Connie Mulder; government inquiries.
13 Nuclear activity. Clippings: 1975-1977, and undated. Description of program; undated advertisement for the book, "The Nuclear Axis" by Zdenek Cervenka and Barbara Rogers.
14. Arms and Defence. Clippings: 1972-1978. Purchases and sales of arms; defence concerns.
15. Simonstown Naval Base. Clippings: 1974. Controversy over the presence of a British naval base at Simonstown.
16. Britain. Clippings: 1974-1978. Relations between the two countries.
17. Transkei Homeland. Clippings: 1972-1976. South African relations with the Transkei.
18. British Commonwealth: Protectorates: Bechuanaland, Basutoland, Swaziland. Clippings: 1970-1974. Seizure of power in Lesotho by Chief Jonathan; his later actions.
19. Secret Societies; the South African 'Underground'. Clippings: 1961-1963.
20. Zulus. Clipping: undated. The story of Dingaan, about 1830.
Section 2 - Republic of South Africa - Intelligence.
1. BOSS (Bureau of State Security) - Organization, Head, General. Clippings: 1969-1978, and undated. Its establishment, the Head: General Hendrick van den Bergh; Interrogation methods under Major Theunis Jacobus Swanepoel; spying activities, domestic and foreign; repression; Cookridge handwritten note on BOSS.
2. BOSS agents in Britain. Clippings: 1965-1977. Spying activities in Britain; Club of Ten advertisement.
3. BOSS operations against Thorpe and Liberals. Clippings: 1976. BOSS involvement in the Thorpe affair and attempts to discredit the Liberal Party; Gordon Winter's involvement; other British targets; involvement of South African diplomat J. L. Russouw; involvement of Fred Kamil in smear campaign. See also Box 37, File 15.
4. African National Liberation Organizations: African National Congress, Pan Africanist Congress, etc. Clippings: 1969. "Africa's Warring Liberators".
5. Double agent: Peter Tombs. Clippings: 1968. Accusation of South African involvement in the assassination of Tom Mboya, a Kenyan Minister.
6. British citizens arrested on sedition and 'terrorism' charges. Clippings: 1969, 1976. Arrests of Philip Golding, and David and Susan Rabkin.
Section 3: Southern Africa: Malawi, Botswana, Lesotho, Swaziland
1. Botswana. Clippings: 1974-1976. Democracy and growing Soviet influence.
2. Lesotho (formerly Basutoland). Clippings: 1974-1976. Killings as the result of an unsuccessful coup attempt in January 1974. Jailing of opponents of Chief Leabua Jonathan's one-party regime.
3. Malawi (formerly Nyasaland). Clippings: 1973-1976. The repressive rule of Dr. H. Kamuzu Benda.
4. Swaziland. Clippings: 1962-1973. Political Life.
Section 4: West Africa: Ghana, Gambia, Sierra Leone
1. Ghana: British Commonwealth. Clippings: 1961-1978. Ghanaian economics; political life; coups and repression under the military government of I. K. Acheampong.
2. Ghana Secret Service. Clippings: 1960-1971. Attempts to subvert using forgery, interference in internal affairs; Nkrumah's activities, expulsion; suggestion the people want him back.
3. Liberia. Clipping: 1973. Attempt on the life of President William Tolbert.
4. Sierra Leone. Clippings: 1970-1975. Coup attempts.
Section 5: West Africa, (Former French Colonies): Mauritania, Senegal, Guinea, Mali, Upper Volta, Ivory Coast, Togo, Dahomey, Cameroon, Gabon, Belgian Congo
1. Benin (Dahomey). Clippings: 1972-1977. Army coup in 1972, the 5th since independence in 1960; name change from Dahomey to Benin; abortive coup in January 1977, with French and Moroccan links; coup attempt in 1975.
2. Central African Republic. Clippings: 1972-1977. President Jean-Bedel Bokassa and his repressive regime.
3. Chad. Clippings: 1969-1975. Army coup against President Tombalbaye and French hostage Françoise Claustre held by Chadian rebels. See also Box 50, Section 2, Envelope 17.
4. Equatorial Guinea. Clipping: 1975. The murder of former Vice-President Edmundo Bosio Dioco.
5. Gabon. Clipping: 1972. General data on Gabon
6. Guinea. Clippings: 1971. Attempted 1970 coup, and Sekou Touré's repressive regime.
7. Ivory Coast (Côte d'Ivoire). Clippings: 1973-1975. Attempted 1973 coup, and diplomatic visit.
8. Malagasey Republic (Madagascar). Clippings: 1972-1976. General information; reports of assassination and military government in 1975; death of Premier in air crash.
9. Mali. Clippings: 1975. Border disputes with Upper Volta.
10. Mauritania. Clippings: 1960-1976. Independence in 1960; general information; increased geographical size by acquisition of Western Sahara; economy; war with the Polisario. See also: Box 74, Section 1, Envelope 1.
11. Morocco. Clipping: 1966-1967. The Ben Barka kidnap case. See also Box 50, Section 2, Envelope 8.
12. Niger. Clippings: 1974-1976. Military coup in April, 1974, ousting President Hamani Diori; plots in 1975, and an abortive coup in 1976.
13. Togo. Clipping: 1977. Review of the government under Gnassingbé Eyadéma.
Section 6: Nigeria and Biafra:
1. Nigeria. General. Clippings: 1960-1979, and undated. Historical background; economics; coups; politics.
2. Biafra. Clippings: 1969-1974. The Biafra secession and its leader, Odumegwu Ojukwu.
3. Nigeria: Overthrow of Gen. Gowan; coup d'état, August, 1975; new leader: Gen. Murtala Mohammed. Clippings: 1973-1976. Gowan's coming to power; unrest; his overthrow.
4. Nigeria: Abortive coup: Pres. Gen. Mohammed killed, Feb. 1976. Clippings: 1976. Attempt by Lt. Col. B. S. Dimka, supposedly on behalf of the deposed Gen. Gowan; Gowan in Britain; efforts by Nigeria to extradite him.
5. Nigeria: Secret Service. Clippings: 1960-1970, and undated. Map of Nigeria; Biafran war; Nigerian oil.
6. Nigeria: the Commonwealth connection : Nigeria, Gold Coast, Gambia, Sierra Leone. Clippings: 1943-1946. Two issues of The British Survey: Vol V (8, 11) and News-Letter Supplement 523, all on West Africa, mostly Nigeria.
Section 7: Burundi
1. Clippings: 1972, 1976. Ouster of President Michel Micombero after 10 years; outline of scenery and economics.
Section 8: Kenya
1. Commonwealth connections. Clippings: 1971-1978, and undated. History; politics; murder of Dr. Johnston Muthiora; infiltration of Ugandan spies; murder of Tom Mboya, and Tombs's suggestion South Africa was involved; death of Jomo Kenyatta, President since 1963.
2. Kenyatta's Family Corruption. Clippings: 1974-1975.
3. Murder of Josiah Kariyuki. Clippings: 1975. Murder allegedly by the police; resulting parliamentary inquiry; attempt by the government to amend the final report; political fallout.
Section 9: Rwanda
1. Clipping: 1975. Shooting elephants; resettlement.
Section 10: Tanzania (Tanganyika + Zanzibar)
1. Zanzibar. Clippings: 1960-1973, and undated. General background on Zanzibar.
2. Tanganyika. Clippings: 1947, ~ 1953. Background information on Tanganyika, including September, 1947, issue of The British Survey: Vol VII (15): "Tanganyika Territory".
3. Zanzibar revolt (1972). Clippings: 1972-1974. Sheikh Ahmed Karume's absolute rule in Zanzibar; his assassination; the trial of those involved, and their death sentences.
4. Julius Nyrere. Clippings: 1968-1972. His idealism; 1968 issue of 'Debemoja' about Nyerere's oppressive rule.
5. Clippings: 1973-1978. Prisoners: political and others; the country as a terrorist base; rifts with its neighbours; economy, including Uganda's invasion in 1978; description of results of the Ugandan invasion; 1973 trial and sentencing of Percy Cleaver for spying.
Section 11: Uganda
1. British Commonwealth and Obote Regime. Clippings: 1970, and undated. Ugandan corruption; the Kabaka of Buganda.
2. Makerere University and Massacre. Clippings: 1976, and undated. Massacre of students in August, 1976.
3. Archbishop Luwum. Clippings: 1977. Murder of Anglican Archbishop Jawani Luwum.
4. Robert Scanlon. Clippings: 1977. Imprisonment of Robert Scanlon, and his supposed escape.
5. Soviet Help and Arms for Amin. Clippings: 1975-1977. Soviet arms for Uganda; diplomatic breach in late1975; resumption of relations; more arms supplies, and Soviet assistance to Amin's group responsible for many of the secret killings.
6. Secret Service, and Attempts on Pres. Amin (1976): "Special research service"; Mr. Astle, "Security Adviser". Clippings: 1975-1977.
7. Idi Amin. Personal and Family data. Clippings: 1972-1976.
8. Relations with Tanzania: Clippings: 1975-1979. Amin's acrimonious relations with Tanzania; Uganda's invasion of Tanzania.
9. Clippings: Amin's relations with other African countries.
10. Relations with Great Britain. Clippings: 1975-1977. Amin's treatment of British citizens; relations with Great Britain.
11. "Treason Case", and Dennis Hills; Amin's Blackmail. Clippings: 1975-1976, and undated. The 'treason' case against Dennis Hills; Amin's blackmail of Britain and Hills's release after the trial was dropped; reviews of his book, the manuscript of which was the cause of his arrest.
12.: Hills's articles about his arrest. Clippings: 1975. Two Sunday Telegraph articles by Dennis Hills about his arrest, trial, imprisonment, and release.
13. General. Clippings: 1975-1978. General articles about Uganda, Ugandans, foreign relations, and the economy.
14. Amin's Dictatorship, and Terror. I. Clippings: 1971-1973. Expulsion of Asians; disagreement with Great Britain; killings.
15. Amin's Dictatorship, and Terror. II. Clippings: 1974-1977, and undated.
16. Amin's Dictatorship, and Terror. III. Clippings: 1973-1977. 1973 Sunday Telegraph articles by Christopher Munnion. 1974 Observer series by David Martin. 1977 Sunday Times article by Henry Kyemba, the Ugandan Minister of Health, who defected.
Section 12: Zaire
See Also: Congo'(Box 75, Section 5), Belgian Congo (Box 76, Section 5)
1. Clippings: 1972-1978. Mobutu's personality cult; general information about the country; Katangan invasion of Shaba Province from Angola; French aid to fight it; claims of Soviet backing for the insurgents; massacre in Kolwezi, Shaba Province; East German involvement in a second attack on Shaba.
Section 13: Zambia
1. Clippings: 1964-1978. Economics; politics; repression by Kaunda; nationalization of foreign-owned assets.
2. Intelligence - Spy Trials. Clippings: 1967.
Box 77
Section 1: China
Political Philosophy. Clippings: 1976-1978. Treatment of foreigners; changes with time; economic/political issues after death of Mao; demands for increasing freedom.
2. Trade with the West (1970). Clippings: 1945-1970. Miscellany of language, politics, and trade figures.
3. Labour unrest; radicalism. Clippings: 1969-1977. Anti-radical demonstrations in Shanghai, Peking, Paoting; labour unrest.
4. Foreign Relations I: with Russia. Clippings: 1969-1979. Conflict over border issues; philosophical differences; name-calling.
5. Foreign Relations II - with Russia. Clippings: 1969-1978. Expulsion of Russians for spying; verbal attacks of various kinds by China on Russia; claim by Russia that China wanted access to NATO arsenal information..
6. Foreign relations III: with other Communist countries. Clippings: 1971-1978. Largely changes after Mao’s death.
7. Foreign Relations IV: with USA, and non-Communist countries. Clippings: 1970-1978. Trade; diplomacy; visits from foreign dignitaries to Peking (Beijing).
8. Foreign Relations V: with USA. Clippings: 1971-1974. Kissinger in China; exchange of diplomats; attempts at détente. See also: Box 65, File21 for ‘Foreign Relations VII’.
9. Foreign Relations VI: Meetings in France, India, Africa; detainees. Clippings: 1971-1974. Discussions of mutual interest.
10. Military, Nuclear activities. Clippings: 1950-1977. Political activities within the military; atmospheric nuclear testing.
Chinese Leaders:
Mao Tse-tung
11. Clippings: 1969-1975, and undated. brief biography; possible stroke, ageing.
12. His death, and problems of succession I. Clippings: 1975-1977. Op-ed pieces on Mao’s death; mourning in China; reviews of books about Mao.
13. His death, and problems of succession II. Clippings: 1973-1975. Speculation upon possible successors.
14. Article: undated, but 1968-1969. Colour weekend-style magazine article on Mao.
15. His 80th birthday, 1973. Clippings: 1973-1974. Recognition of the anniversary and its implications; 25th anniversary of the Republic on 1 October, 1974.
16. Chiang Ching, Mao’s ‘widow’. Clippings: 1975-1976. Born Li Yun-lo, she became an actress with the name Lan Pin. Her name as Mao’s consort was bestowed upon her by Mao; dislike of her amongst powerful groups came to the fore after Mao’s death: she was accused of various misdeeds, from assassination plots to local riots; her supposed abuse of Mao; her supposed Gang of Four; book reviews.
17. Teng (Deng) Hsiao-ping. His descent from power. Clippings: 1975-1976. Seen as right-wing, and capitalistic.
18. Teng (Deng) Hsiao-ping. Clippings: 1973-1979. His position within the party at various times; his rehabilitation as leader; pro-Western stance; beginnings of liberalization as leader.
19. Hua Quo-Feng, Mao’s immediate successor. Clippings: 1976-1978. Rapid appointment of relative unknown, despite diplomatic questions; resumption of trade after Mao’s death; his immediate political ‘housecleaning’, with removal of potential rivals, appointment of his own men; image-building efforts; policy statements; Chin Chi-Wei as Commissar in Peking.
20. Chou En-lai. Clippings: 1969-1976, and undated. Personality; aides in UN; speculation on leadership.
21. Chou En-lai. His death. Clippings: 1976. Declining health and death.
22. Lin Piao. Clippings: 1971-1976. His decline; accused of death plots against Mao; his supporters purged; the odd mystery of his death over Mongolia.
23. Wang Hung-ying. Clippings: 1973. Selected as Mao’s ‘right-hand man’, so considered to be #3 in power at that time, after Mao and Chou En-lai.
China:
24. Personalia. Clippings: 1971-1978. Brief articles: Gen. Huang Yung-sheng; Lin Piao; Chou En-Lai; Obits for Marhal Shu The, Pi Ting-chun; Liu Shao-chi; Ni Chih-fu; Li Hsien-nien; Chiao Kuan-hua; Chia Chi-yun; Wu Teh; Chiang Ting-fa; Nieh Feng-chih and Ma Ning in the military; Chiang Kai-shek (biography); Chou Jung-hsien; Wu Hsiu-chuan; Wang Hai-jung; Li Te-Sheng; Ho Yin; Li Chung Sheng; Fu Tso-Yi;.
25. Politics and People: Reports from Outsiders I. Clippings: 1965-1976. Reports from 20th anniversary of the republic; its so-called ‘senseless struggle’; historical perspectives; visitors’ reports; op-ed pieces; book reviews.
26. Politics and People: Reports from Outsiders II. Clippings: 1964-1976.
27. Politics and People: Reports from Outsiders III. Clippings: 1971-1973.
28. Foreign Detainees, and some releases. Clippings: 1969-1975. Notable prisoners: Anthony Grey; Bishop J. E. Walsh; H. F. Redmond, who committed suicide; other nationalities who were released either after long internment, or almost immediately.
29. Protests. Clippings: 1971-1976. Anti-right demonstrations in Peking; clashes with the army; doubts that the left-wing won the last round; the role of wall posters.
30. Unrest; ideological attempts to bring order. Clippings: 1962-1974. Bulletin on Chinese aggression; miscellany of strong-arm attempts to keep people in order.
31. Conquests, and Fear of further Attempts. Clippings: 1973, 1974. Taking over Paracel Islands; meetings about invading Taiwan.
32. Taiwan, Chiang Kai-shek. Clippings: 1971, 1972, and undated.
33. Tibet. Clippings: 1956-1970. Failure of 1956 rebellion; escape of Panchen Lama.
34. Détente with West. Clippings: 1964-1976. Diplomatic recognition of Mainland China by USA; talks; visit by President Ford; Soviet opposition.
35. Easing of Political Tension. Clippings: 1974-1976. Amnesty for 293 alleged ‘war criminals’; appointment of Chen Hsi-lien as Defense Minister.
36. Economics: Oil, Population. Clippings: 1970-1976. Oilfields north of Harbin; rising wages; increasing population; increasing international telephone service.
37. 10th Party Congress, 1973; first assembly of elected deputies, 1975. Clippings: 1973-1975. 5000 delegates for election of representatives of the areas; new draft constitution.
38. Communist Government 1964-1965. Clipping: 1965. Radio Free Europe's list of Party Leaders.
39. Communist Government 1966. Clipping: 1966. Radio Free Europe's list of Party Leaders.
40. Atomic Bomb. Clippings: 1969. Reviews of "The China Cloud" by W. L. Ryan and S. Summerlin; article about the building of nuclear establishments in China.
41. Secret Service. Clippings: 1967-1968. Old clippings on Mao's opponents; suspected spies; dislike of foreign diplomats.
42. Secret Service agents in South America. Clipping: 1964. Confessed Chinese agents caught in Rio with training documents on guerilla fighting.
43. Chinese agents in Asia. Clipping: 1963. Infiltration of alleged potential guerillas into 'Siam', Laos, and Eastern Burma.
44. Chinese agents in Africa. Clippings: 1961-1965. Radio broadcasting, rail lines, fomenting rebellion.
45. Defections to the West. Clipping: 1962. Defection of Chao Fu in Scandinavia.
46. Alleged British and American spies. Clippings: 1969-1970. "Forgotten Captives", Britons detained in China; main article deals with six of the 17 captives, q.v. in other envelopes in this section: Eric Gordon and family; Peter Crouch; Peter Will; and George Watt; David Johnston. . See also British Secret Service: Agents in China (Box 42B, File 31).
47. Imprisoned Americans: Redmond, Walsh. Clippings: 1970. Suicide of Redmond (see also this section, Envelope 28; Box 64, Section 8, Envelope 24); release of Bishop James Edward Walsh.
Imprisoned Britons:
48. Capt. P. Edwards, Second Officer Patrick Duff. Clippings: 1970. Their ship boarded in Shanghai, and these and other officers removed for questioning; all returned to the ship except Duff, and ship was forced to sail without him; ongoing concerns (see this section, Envelope 52).
49. Eric Gordon and family. Clippings: 1969. Their report of their captivity.
50. Anthony Grey. Clippings: 1969. See also: this section, Envelope 28; Box 42B, File 30; Box 43A, File 13.
51. Capt. R. V. Pope, First Officer D. V. Jones. Clippings: 1968. Picked up for 'espionage'; released in July, 1968.
52. Capt. James Ray. Clippings: 1970. Mentioned in parallel with Patrick Duff (see this section, Envelope 48); shipping company retaliated by stopping shipping to Chinese ports.
53. George Watt. Clippings: 1968-1970. Engineer released after three years; considerable political pressure exerted from Britain.
54. Capt. Peter Will. Clippings: 1969. Ship's captain bodily removed from his ship at sea by Chinese officials; his release, 1969.
Box 78
British Commonwealth
Section 1: Australia
1. General: Clippings: 1943-1978. Geography; British Survey IV (25, 26), 1943 articles; economics; 1970s politics; firing of Gough Whitlam.
2. Secret Service: Clippings: 1969. The secretary who confessed she had spied on Japan in the Japanese embassy. See also Box 60, Section 1, Envelope 13 for a letter to Cookridge from John Ruffles about reference to Soviet spies in Australia; outline of Cookridge's reply.
3. Booklet: ca. 1950. British Survey Popular Series booklet #74, 24 pp + 2 covers with data. General statistics.
Section 2: Bangladesh
1. History, Politics after recognition as a state; Sheikh Mujib's Dictatorship. Clippings: 1972-1977.
2. Overthrow and murder of Sheikh Mujib; new regime of Khandaker Mushtaque Ahmed. Clippings: 17-22 August, 1974. Murder of Mujib's entire family in the military coup; power struggle; accession of Ahmed; return to normal.
Section 3: British Commonwealth (Including Crown Colonies, Protectorates, Associated States)
1. General. Clippings: 1943-1977. General articles; Commonwealth leadership; British Survey V(2), 1943, VIII (9), 1947.
2. Falklands Dependencies. Clippings: 1976, and undated. The Falklands, St. Helena, and other British Territories in the South Atlantic and Antarctica.
3. Borneo and Sarawak. Clippings: Post-WWII governance in Sarawak; British Survey VI (12), 1945 Pacific Series: issue on Borneo.
4. Papua New Guinea. Clippings: 1943-1975, and undated. History and Independence; British Survey IV (24), 1943, on New Guinea.
5. Mauritius, Seychelles. Clippings: 1963-1977. Seychelles independence, and overthrow of the government in a leftist coup; Marxist win in Mauritius; removal of islanders from Diego Garcia archipelago.
6. South Pacific Islands - Tonga, Pitcairn, Samoa. Clippings: 1947-1976, and undated. British Survey VIII (20), 1947 on 'The British Pacific Islands'; US Information Service press feature from 1960, on Samoan independence; Soviet interest in a naval base on Tonga; description of a visit to Tonga; draft proposal for an article by Cookridge under the pseudonym 'E.H.S. Grant' on Pitcairn, together with undated clippings as background, and Cookridge's handwritten working up of the title for the article. Original typescript in Series 5, Box 25A, F.11.
Section 4: Canada
1. Clippings: 1962-1976, and undated. General articles on Canada and Canadians.
2. Canadian Secret Service. Clippings: 1978. Report of spying activities.
3. Soviet spies in Canada: A. F. Loginov (1961), not Yuri Loginov in South Africa (1967-1969). Clipping: 1961.
4. Soviet Spies in Canada: Gerda Munsinger and Canadian Politicians (1966). Clippings: 1966
5. Soviet Spies in Canada: Bower Edward Featherstone. Clipping: 1967.
Section 5: Cyprus
1. General description. Clippings: 1947, and undated. British Survey VIII (8), 1947 on 'Cyprus'; copy of pseudonymous Cookridge typescript by 'Hedley Anderson' entitled 'The Isle of Goats': original typescript in Series 5, Box 25, File 11; illustrated tourist brochure, 24 pp.
2. Fight for Independence, EOKA, and after Independence. Clippings: 1961-1974. Power sharing.
3. British Bases: Akrotiri and Dhekelia Episcopi, also during conflict in 1974. Clippings: 1974.
4. Polycarpos Georghadjis, murdered March, 1970. Clippings: 1970. Assassination linked to plot against Makarios.
5. Grivas and EOKA-B against Makarios; Grivas' death 1974. Clippings: 1971-1977. Grivas was promoting 'enosis': Cyprus's becoming a part of Greece.
6. Makarios's measures against Grivas and EOKA, 1971-1974. Clippings: 1973, and undated.
7. EOKA-kidnapped Justice Minister, and bomb outrages. Clippings: 1972-1973.
8. Makarios's conflict with Athens before coup d'état. He accuses Athens of planning his assassination; dismisses Greek officers of National Guard. Clippings: 1972-1974.
9. Coup d'état against Makarios, June 1974. Clippings: 1974-1977. 1976 arrest and prosecution of Nikos Sampson.
10. CIA and American involvement in the coup d'état, in fear for radar stations. Clippings: 1974. US reaction to the coup.
11. Turkish invasion after coup. Clippings: 1974, and undated. Invasion and post-invasion.
12. Makarios in exile in London. Clippings: 1974. Makarios in London, at the UN, and planning his return to Cyprus.
13. Geneva Conference, July, 1974 after coup d'état and Turkish invasion. Clippings: 1974.
14. After deposition of Nikos Sampson: Clerides. Glafkos Clerides as President, then acting President until Makarios's return. See also Geneva Conference (this section, Envelope 13).
15. Turkish occupation, 1974. Clippings: 1974. The occupation and its aftermath.
16. Turkish Cypriots; Rauf Denktash; Atrocities. Clippings: 1974.
17. Renewed Turkish advance after failure at Geneva Conference: 'Attila Line'. Clippings: July-September, 1974.
18. Unrest in Cyprus. Clippings: 1970-1974. Attempted assassinations; politics.
19. Moves toward Partition. Clippings: 1975. Greek-Turkish conflicts; movements of refugees; partition.
20. Post-partition. Clippings: 1976-1978. Post-partition Cyprus; Greek-Turkish conflicts; Cypriot politics.
21. Makarios's death. Clippings: August, 1977.
22. After Conflict: plans for partition/Federation. Clippings: April-September, 1974.
23. Soviet Interventions. Clippings: 1974.
24. Attacks on British and US embassies after Turkish evacuation from British bases. Clippings: 1975.
25. EOKA guerillas against Turkish occupants, and Turkish counter-measures. Clippings: 1974 and undated.
26. Murder of US Ambassador; assassination attempt on Dr. Lysserides. Clippings: 1974. Assassination of Ambassador Roger Davies and the attempted assassination of Dr. Vassos Lyssarides/Lysserides.
27. United Nations and Red Cross; actions during 1974 conflict: Refugees, Prisoners, Exchanges. Clippings: 1974, and undated.
Section 6: Gibraltar
1. General. Booklet: 1947, Clipping: 1974. British Survey Popular Series #44, 25 pp, entitled 'Gibraltar and Malta', book review of Hills, G. 'Rock of Contention: a History of Gibraltar'.
2. Recent Events: Spanish Secret Service. Clippings: 1969-1974. Spanish blockade of Gibraltar; Gibraltar's politics.
3. Gibraltar and Spain. Clippings: 1974-1977. Relations with Spain, and Spanish proposals for the reversion of Gibraltar to Spanish sovereignty; Gibraltar's 1976 vote, and rejection of talks with Spain.
Section 7: Guyana
1. General. Clippings: 1961-1976. Historical and geographic information; Guyanese politics.
Section 8: Hong Kong
1. General. Clippings: 1946-1975. General reports about Hong Kong; review of Pope-Hennessy, J. 'Half-Crown Colony: A Hong Kong Notebook'.
2. Refugees. Clippings: 1961-1975. Refugees from China and Vietnam.
3. Crime and Espionage. Clippings: 1973-1975. Spying; Triad gangs; police corruption, including Peter Godber.
Section 9: India
1. Independence. Booklet; 1947. British Survey VIII (3), 1947 entitled "India: The Crisis of Independance [sic.]".
2. History. Clippings: 1970-1976. Reviews of several books about India, its history, political leaders, and relations with its neighbours.
3. India and Sikkim. Clippings: 1974-1975. India's annexation of the Kingdom of Sikkim.
4. Nuclear programme. Clippings: 1974-1976. India's explosion of a nuclear device, and the world's reaction to the explosion.
5. Repression and Prisons. Clippings: 1974-1977. Imprisonment of strikers as protesters; prison conditions; secret police.
6. Mary Tyler case. Clippings: 1970-1977. Mary Tyler was imprisoned without trial for five years; her release and return to Britain; her report of her time in prison.
7. Internal Politics. Clippings: 1973-1977. Indian politics and power struggles in different areas of the country.
8. International Relations. Clippings: 1975-1976. Relations with China, the USA and the Soviet Union.
9. Personalia. Clippings: 1961-1975, and undated. Tara Singh's fast; Indian princes as a group; Field Marshal Sam Manekshaw; the Maharani of Jaipur, and violation of wealth laws; recognition for Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan; the Gaekwar of Baroda.
10. Economy. Clippings: 1972-1974.
11. Indira Gandhi, Corruption and Emergency Powers. Clippings: 1975-1976. Indira Gandhi's electoral corruption, and imposition of emergency powers; her critics.
12. Indira Gandhi. Clippings: 1966-1976. Articles about Indira Gandhi; report of 1974 plot against her.
Section 10: Malta (see also Gibraltar in this box)
1. General. Clippings: 1973-1979. Maltese independence; Socialist government under Dom Mintoff; elections.
2. Communist relations. Clippings: 1970-1979. Malta and China, the North Koreans, and the Soviet Union.
Section 11: Malaysia and Singapore
1.Malaysia: General Clippings: 1952-1977, and undated. Malayan politics; the continuing fight against Communist terrorists.
2. Singapore: General. Clippings: 1962-1977. Singapore and its politics.
Section 12: New Zealand
1. General. Clippings: 1965-1976. History; geography; general political life.
2. Soviet Spies in New Zealand: Andreev-Shtykov Case. Clippings:1962. The expulsion of Nicolai Shtykov and Vladislav Andreev.
3. Soviet Spies in New Zealand: Spy Ring discovered. Clipping: 1969.
Section 13: Sri Lanka (Ceylon)
1. Clippings: 1961-1977. Politics.
Section 14: West Indies - Caribbean and Central America.
1. British West Indies: Bahamas, Barbados, Jamaica, Leeward Is. (Antigua, St. Kitts-Nevis, Monserrat, British Virgin Islands), Trinidad, Tobago, Windward Is. (Dominica, Grenada, St. Lucia, St. Vincent), also British Honduras (Belize). Clippings: 1963, 1973-1976. Pamphlet: "50 Facts about the British West Indies"; independence, new loyalties.
2. Belize: General. Clippings: 1974-1975. Dispute between Belize and Guatemala; copy of typescript of Cookridge article, "British Honduras - Land of Lost Civilization Claimed by Guatemala" under the pseudonym Peter S. Leighton.
3. Bermuda: Killing of Governor, Sir Ronald Sharples and Capt. Hugh Sayers. Clippings: 1973-1976. The murder of the two men, the investigation, and the arrest and trial of the accused.
4. Jamaica: General. Clippings: 1975-1977. Jamaican politics, and December 1976 election.
Box 79
Radio Free Europe Research (mimeographs)
F.1.East Europe:
Research materials:
Hungary/12: 27 April 1970. 'The Ultra-Left and Hungarian Youth".
Hungary/13: 8 May 1970. "The Tourist Trade in Hungary."
Hungary/30: 9 December 1970. "The New Hungarian Central Party Committee"
Hungary/9: 31 March 1971. "Hungary's Electoral Reform in Practice: The Nomination Proceedings." 22 pages.
Hungary/11: 17 May 1971. "Hungarian National Assembly Holds Constituent Session: Few Leadership Changes Made." 10 pages.
Hungary/12: 24 May 1971. "The Hungarian Elections and the New National Assembly". 33 pages.
Hungary/20: 8 June,1971. Situation Report. 19 pages.
Hungary/13: 11 June 1971. "What is a Socialist Society?" 44 pages.
Hungary/16: 27 July 1970. "The Pattern of Reform in Hungary. Part One: On the Road to Reform". 82 pages.
Hungary/17: 27 July 1970. "The Pattern of Reform in Hungary. Part Two: The Reform in Operation". 156 pages.
F.2. Issues of Alte Kamaraden (1969), on Dieppe Raids. Issues: 1967-1969. In German. Material on the 19 August, 1942 Canadian Dieppe raid from the German perspective; List of issues containing articles about the raid;
February1967, p. 16
April 1967, p. 24
July/August 1967, p. 39
October, 1967, p. 25
June, 1968, p. 22
September 1968, p. 25
January, 1969, p. 19
December, 1969, p. 26
Also photocopies of two undated articles, almost certainly from Alte Kamaraden, also on the Dieppe raid
F.3-5 .News clippings and magazine tear-sheets on various topics. Languages: English, French, Spanish.
Box 80
Section 1: The Arab Oil Embargo
1. General; Production and Prices. Clippings: 1973-1977. Threats over oil supply; demands for price increases; lack of Arab unity on the matter; production; setup of boycott; economic backlash.
2. OPEC Clippings: 1971-1977, and undated. Price rises; development of policies; internal controversies; legal recourses; vacillations over prices; calling OPEC's bluff.
3. Miscellaneous. Clippings: 1956-1976. Early piece on Arab 'nationalism'; oil blackmail; potential swindle of sheikhs; satellite observation of oil fields; threat to USA to cut oil unless the US reduces its support for Israel (1973); internal political dissension in USA; book reviews; Soviet fleet in Indian Ocean seen as threat to USA's oil; Proposed private army from U.S. for defending Arab oil fields; payoffs by oil companies.
4. Economics. Clippings: 1973-1975. Currency concerns.
5. Sheikh Yamani. Clippings: 1973-1975. Profiles; personality; implementer of policies; perceptions of.
6. King Faisal. Clippings: 1973-1975. Perception as leader of embargo; how he uses the profits. See also: Box 66, Section 2, Envelope 28; Box 74, Section 4, Envelopes 5-9.
7. EEC. Clippings: 1971-1974. Squeeze on Europe by oil producers; Holland, cut off and unhappy with pro-Arab EEC stance; pressure over Israel; spin-offs; EEC sees itself between Middle Eastern Arabs and the USA.
8. Oil War Possibilities. Clippings: 1972-1975.
9. Editorial pieces. Clippings: 1973-1976. Opinion pieces on policies, geography, food supply; how imported oil is used in Britain; warnings to reduce demand for oil; price rises; role of French politics.
10. American politics. Clippings: 1973-1976. Presidential pronouncements; threats; diplomatic pressure; is it a bluff?; development of North Sea oil; reluctant end to embargo.
11. Effects of the embargo on the USA. Clippings: 1967-1974. US dependent on Middle East oil; cut off; US has some other sources for oil; fuel cuts; threats of power cuts; negotiations.
12. Strategies, USA. Clippings: 1973-1976. Verbal opposition; allowing blackouts; stockpiling in caves proposed.
13. Threat of military intervention by USA. Clippings: 1973-1975. Libya; saber-rattling; possible seizure of oilfields by USA; US troops in training; ship manoeuvres; denials of such activities; route map of a takeover; demands for reprisals on Arabs.
14. Kissinger diplomacy (USA). Clippings: 1973-1975.
15. Business strategies, USA. Clippings: 1973-1976. Oil companies banding together; nationalization of US oil firms in Libya, and the response; Alaska pipeline; GM investment in Arabia; Paul Getty obit.
16. Takeover of Aramco. Clippings: 1974-1976.
17. NATO and the UN. Clippings: 1973-1978. Threats by West against Middle East; Kissinger's remarks.
18. Africa. Clippings: 1973-1975. Angolan off-shore oil find; rationing in South Africa and Rhodesia; Dahomey; Egypt's complaints of not benefiting from the Arab oil profits; Algeria's hopes.
19. Britain. Clippings: 1960-1975. North Sea oil potential; use bikes, not cars; rationing; ?arms for oil; ? oil for technology; economic aid to oil-producing countries continues despite embargo; importance of Arab money in London; "charitable" funding by OPEC countries.
20. Eastern Europe. Clippings: 1963-1977. Early map of oil exports and revenues; sanctions proposed against oil sheikhs; rationing in Eastern Europe; effects of the embargo; Romania's dwindling oil.
21. France (Martinique/Paris). Clippings: 1974-1975. Deals with Arabs for oil; arms for oil; refusal to vote with Common Market countries; no agreement with USA in Martinique; money and power; no resolution to 1975 talks.
22. Israel. Clippings: 1970-1976. Arab attempts to annihilate Israel through the embargo to the USA; diplomacy.
23. Persia (Iran). Clippings: 1957-1976. Shah's activity in oil crisis; perceived consequences of 'weapons for oil' policy; economic stability; Shah's various warnings to the West.
24. Iraq. Clippings: 1967-1973. Proposals of pan-Arab nationalization of oil; its own increase of oil supplies to the West during embargo.
25. Kuwait. Clippings: 1973-1977. Planned takeover of British-American Oil company; disposition of explosives around oil wells; Ali Attiga; criticism by Castro of oil sheikhs.
26. Libya. Clippings: 1961, 1973-1975. Early drilling; Libya's seizure of foreign oil interests; paltry compensation; recommended boycott of Libyan oil; suggested economic embargo; French involvement not supporting the EEC; price rises; Libyans' lack of cash (1975).
27. Central and South America. Clippings: [1961], 1973-1977. Venezuelan oil price increase; Spanish account of Venezuelan oil development; Mexican oil reserves; early account of small oil discovery in Spain.
28. Russia. Clippings: 1963-1976, and undated. 'New Middle East' report (undated) on Soviet view of the oil crisis; arms-for-oil offer from Arab states; success of Russian strategy; Russia as oil producer.
29. China, Australia, Indonesia. Clippings: 1963-1975. Few clippings: Australian oil discovery; seabed oil off Taiwan; oil smuggling during embargo; underground refineries in China; effects of embargo in India.
Section 2: Assassinations and Mafia
Assassinations:
1. Sarajevo (1914). Clippings: 1963, 1964. Political murder: motives, consequences; investigations 50 years later in Yugoslavia.
2. Austria: Dollfuss (1934). Clippings: 1958, and undated. Nazi murder of Austrian Chancellor Englebert Dollfuss.
3. King Alexander of Yugoslavia (1936); assassination of Barthou in Marseille. Clippings, undated, but probably 1936. Commentary on 'Balkan terrorist societies' in London, and their activities.
4. In the Balkans (Serbia, etc). Clipping: 1946. Historical perspective on King Alexander's assassination ten year previously, and its consequences.
5. Gandhi (1948). Clippings: 1948, 1963. Late final newspaper clipping the day he was shot; later perspectives on the assassination and religion.
6. Attempt on Dr. Nkrumah. Clippings: 1962. He was injured; a bomb explosion threw shrapnel at him.
7. Far East: Siam (Thailand), Ceylon (Sri Lanka), Cambodia. Clippings: 1946-1959. Cambodia: Prince Vakrivan; Ceylon: Mr. Bandaranaike; Thailand: King Ananda Mahidol, and the mysterious circumstances.
8. American Presidents. Clippings: 1952, 1961, and undated book proposal. Foiled plot to kill Adali Stevenson; Reader's Digest account of Grace Bedell's letter to Lincoln about growing a beard; Cookridge's book proposal (See also Box 25, File 9 for original carbon copy) on assassinations of four American Presidents.
9. French Presidents. Clipping: undated. Pictures taken from a book illustration, showing Caserio attacking Pres. Carnot; portraits of both.
10. Central and South America. Clippings: 1961, and undated. Murder of dictator of Dominican Republic on June 1; murder of his supposed assassins June 3.
11. Organized crime: the Mafiosi. Clippings: 1972, 1976. Some figures of American organized crime described in an Observer series; admission of payment of protection money in 24 countries by Lockheed Corporation.
12. Empress Elizabeth of Austria. Clipping: undated.
13. British Statesmen and Officials. Clippings: 1945-1961, and undated. Sir Henry Wilson's murder in 1922; the Stern gang; Macmillan in Ndola.
14. General. Clippings: 1934-1963, and undated. Discussions about assassination as a mechanism of political protest; Feme; Lord Moyne, and Pres. Doumer; deaths of Roman tyrants; some close calls; John Wilkes Booth.
Section 3: Urban Guerillas: History, Ideology
1. History, Political Kidnapping. Clipping: 1972.
2.: Ideology: Motivation: 'The Mind of the Terrorist'. Clippings: 1971-1976. Variety of perspectives, from killer to patriot.
3. Reaction. Clippings: 1978. The reaction to terrorism.
Section 4: Urban Guerillas - Measures Against
1. Theory, Books: Clutterbuck, Crozier, Thompson, Moss, Kitson, Hyams, etc. Clippings: 1970-1976. Book reviews, opinion pieces.
2. Anti-terrorist training in the USA. Clippings: 1974. Training in counter-insurgency by the US in the Panama Canal Zone.
3. Risks and protection of Diplomats; insurance of passengers. Clippings: 1972-1975.
4. Police, Armed forces, Legal, Special Tactics, Conferences. Clippings: 1970-1979. Includes international efforts. See also measures against hi-jacking: this Section, Envelope 5.
5. Germany: Anti-terrorist measures. Witch hunt following Schleyer murder and Lufthansa hijack cases.
Section 5: Terrorists in the USA
American Terrorists:
1. Kidnap of the Editor of the 'Atlanta Constitution'; 'rescue' by FBI: Motive: extortion, but criminals posed as 'American Revolutionary Army'. Clippings: 1974. Kidnapper claimed Arabs were backing him as an anti-Jewish action, but nothing was proven.
2. Jewish Terrorists in the USA: Bomb attempts at the United Nations during PLO appearance. Clippings: 1976. Several bombs at UN site; protest over the appearance of the PLO in the UN.
3. General. Clippings: 1971-1978, and undated. Terrorists, possible weapons, activities.
4. Hostage takings by Hanafi Moslems. Clippings: 1977. The hostage incident, and the trial and sentencing of the leader.
5. Symbionese Liberation Army, and the kidnapping of Patty Hearst. Clippings: 1977. Search for Patty Hearst after her kidnapping; trial and sentencing of two of the kidnappers.
6. Symbionese Liberation Army Organization, Shoot-out with the FBI, 17 May, 1974. Clippings: 1974-1976. Three-part Observer series on the rise and fall of the group; reports on a successor group.
7. US Symbionese Liberation Army: Patty Hearst Arrest and Trial. Clippings: 1974-1978.
8. Patty Hearst. Clippings: 1975-1979. Patty Hearst's family; her release from prison; life after release.
Section 6: Canada
Canadian Terrorists:
1. Quebec FLQ kidnapping: the murder of Pierre Laporte. Clippings: 1970-1971. The October Crisis of 1970; the War Measures Act; kidnapping and murder of Pierre Laporte by the FLQ; the killers' arrest and trial.
2. Kidnapping of James Cross. Clippings: 1970-1976. Cross's kidnapping and release; his captors in Cuba; British award.
3. Miscellaneous events. Clippings: 1976-1977.
Section 7: The Baader-Meinhof Gang
1. General. Clippings: 1969-1978. Their activities.
2. Revolutionary Students, etc. Mahler, Baader -Meinhof Case. Clippings: 1968-1974. see also Rudi Dutschke in British Security (Box 41B, Files 19, 22) and CIA
3. Kidnapping of Lorenz, leader of Berlin Christian Democratic Party, 27 Feb., 1975, and released March 5, 1975. Five guerillas released and flown to Aden. Rolf Pohle reported back in Europe in 1976; had been sentenced to 6.5 years in 1974. Clippings: 1975-1978.
4. Killing of Siegried Buback, Chief Prosecutor, April 1977. Murder of Buback; the search for and arrest of his accused killers.
5. Killing of Juergen Ponto, Industrialist, July 1977. Clippings: 1977. Links between the killings of Buback and Ponto.
6. Schleyer kidnapping, Sept. 1977. Clippings: 1977-1978. Kidnap and murder of Dr. Hanns-Martin Schleyer.
7. Astrid Proll: Arrest in London, 1978; extradition trial Sept./Oct. Clippings: 1978. Proll was a cofounding member of the Baader-Meinhof gang.
8. Trial of Baader, Meinhof, Ensslin, and Raspe. Clippings: 1974-1977. Ultra-secure courtroom; two defense lawyers removed because of bias; delays in court proceedings; apparent suicide death of Meinhof; change in the presiding judge; life sentences for the three survivors.
9. Klaus Croissant. Clippings: 1977-1979. Defense lawyer Croissant was arrested and tried for passing messages from the gang leaders to other gang members while the leaders were in jail. See also this Section, Envelope 8.
10. Willy Peter Stoll. Clippings: 1978. Stoll's death; he was believed to be one of the killers of Hanns-Martin Schleyer.
11. Deaths of Baader, Ennslin, Raspe, and Meinhof. Clippings: 1974-1978. Meinhof's suicide seen by political left as murder; Baader, Ennslin and Raspe all committed suicide in prison in 1977.
12. German Embassy in Stockholm Raid. Clippings: 1975. Attempt to prevent the trial of the leaders, the raid was relatively unsuccessful as most survived and all terrorists were captured.
13. Terrorism in Germany: Miscellaneous. Clippings: 1972-1978. Terrorism acts; measures against terrorism.
Section 8: Guerillas: “Carlos” and International Connections
1. “Carlos”: (Ilyich Ramirez Sanchez) Biography; background Sunday Telegraph story, and his alleged crimes. Clippings: 1975-1978, and undated.
2. Killings in Paris: Michael Mukharbal. Clippings: 1975. Killing of Mukherbal during French Counter-Intelligence's attempt to interrogate Carlos.
3. Network in France; training in East Germany and the Middle East. Clippings: 1970-1978. See also previous envelope.
4. Accomplices: Antonio Degas Bouvier; Cuban diplomats expelled in July, 1975. Clippings: 1975.
5. Ramirez in London, 1975-6; visit after Paris killings (Miss Delia Fuentes); also police investigations. Clippings: 1975-1978. Includes the report of a 'death roll', or, candidates for kidnapping.
6. "Doppleganger" in London, 1974; Moroccan El Hakoui (and Miss Thompson); 'the Argentine Carlos'. Clippings:1974, and undated. Plot to smuggle guns into Britain.
7. Jackal Case: Girlfriends, arrests in London. Maria N. Toban de Romero; Angela Otaola. Connection with Paris killings: Angela Armstrong. Clippings: 1975. Arrests, trial and sentencing.
8. OPEC Kidnapping (1975). Clippings: 1975-1976. OPEC oil ministers kidnapped by anti-PLO group; freed after a 'propaganda flight' around the Middle East.
9. OPEC “Gang” released: flown from Vienna on round trip; final landing Algeria. Staying in Libya? Clippings: 1975.
10. New Plans, 1976, ascribed to 'Carlos': Gadaffi provides finance, wants other raids on OPEC; danger of Olympic Games actions. Clippings: 1976-1977. Libyan support; threats to the Montreal Olympics and the Middle East.
11. Reports of Plans for New Actions (1976); Visit in Belgrade with 'Meinhof' Klein; Plan to go to Paris. Clippings: 1976. Speculation in two newspaper clippings.
12.Magazine tear-sheets and photocopies of images of Carlos, undated..
13. International Connections. Entebbe Raid. Assumed Leader: Wilfred Boese (27) of Baader-Meinhof, friend of Carlos in Paris (1975), known as 'Claude Axel' at Orly Raid, January 1975; (MOSAD) others identified: El Arja Ja'l Naji (38), alias El Arga Gail, chief of PFLP South American section - shot; Jaber Jadi Faiz Abderamin (46) (one of PFLP founders), one of chiefs of PFLP guerilla units - shot; Abd al Latif Abd Al Razzag (43), alias Abu Dardai, a Persian, chief of European operational section of PFLP - shot; they might have been members of Amin's bodyguard. Three others, youngsters, not identified, also killed; a Turkish woman, alias 'Kalimir', believed girlfriend of Boese. Believed NOT killed: Antonio Degas Bouvier, Carlos's friend, who was in Entebbe, but not on the plane. Clippings: 1976. Carlos's involvement in the hijacking of the Air France flight that landed in Entebbe.
14. International Connections: 'Solidarité' organization in Paris, 1976. Headed by Egyptian ex-judge Henri Curiel; involved with Algerian revolution, and believed to work for KGB; his connection with 'Carlos'. Clipping: 1976.
Box 81
Section 1: Guerillas - International
1. International Connections: Arab Diplomats carry Arms and Explosives; also sent in diplomatic bags. Clippings: 1973-1976. Libya heavily involved.
2. International Connections: Libyan and Soviet Aid to Terrorists, also Syrian and Algerian. Training done by Soviet Instructors; arms supplied via DDR. Empty envelope. See Granting of Asylum, Palestinian Terrorists.
3. Granting of Asylum in Libya, Algeria, etc. Gaddafi's help. Yemen accepted Baader-Meinhof Gang members. Note also that Arab (and most other) countries refused to sign Skyjack Treaty. Clipping: 1972. See also 'Carlos' (Box 80, Section 8, Envelopes 1-14)
4. Clippings: 1976-1977. Attack planned on OPEC Conference in Stockholm; bombing in Madeira.
Section 2: Guerillas - South America - Kidnapping
Guerillas - South America:
1. General. Various countries, and right-wing terror; international social democratic stance against South American dictatorships. Clippings: 1969-1976, and undated.
2. Argentina. Montoneros (Left-wing Peronists): Organization, Leaders, Operations. Clippings: 1971-1976. Includes a March 15, 1976 handwritten note by Cookridge about Roberto Quieto.
3. Guerillas - South America: Argentina. E.R.P. People's Revolutionary Army; originally a Trotskyite organization. Now, because of ransoms for kidnapping, the richest. Clippings: 1971-1975. Includes the murder of US Government official Fred Laun.
4. Argentina. Kidnap and Killing of Argentinian Generals, etc. June 1, 1971, kidnap of Gen. Aramburu by Monteneros and E.R.P.. He was a former Vice-President. Also, kidnap of Heads of Intelligence, Police, an admiral in charge of anti-subversion, Peronist officials and TU leaders. Clippings: 1970-1975.
5. Argentina. Kidnap of British Consul in Rosario, Hon. Consul Stanley Sylvester, by E.R.P. Kidnapped 22 May, 1971, released 29 May, 1971 after (his) Swift Meat Packing company distributed food and blankets worth £25,000. Clippings: 1971.
6. Argentina. Kidnap of British director Ronald Grove, of Vestey Meat Group. Kidnapped 9 December, 1972, and released after ransom of $1 million.
7. Argentina. Kidnap of British Industrialist Francis Victor Brimicombe, President of Nobleza Tobacco Company, a subsidiary of the British-American Tobacco Company. The 34th victim inm1973; kidnapped 8 April, 1973, released 16 April, 1973 for a ransom of about $1 million. Clippings: 1973.
8. Argentina. Kidnap of British financier Charles Lockwood, twice, by E.R.P. First: 6 June, 1973-30 July, 1973. Ransom: £800,000. Second: 31 July, 1975 - 30 August, 1975 when police raided house at Pilar: 4 guerillas shot dead. Clippings: 1973-1975.
9. Argentina. Various kidnappings by E.R.P. 33rd victim, April 1973: Sr. Anthony da Cruz (director of Kodak; ransom $1.5 million); June 1973, Sr. Miguel Sullivan (partner of a meat-packing plant min Cordoba); June, 1973, Sr. Emilio Lorenzo (bottling plant, Coca Cola?) in Corrientes; August, 1974, James Stansfield, Gen. Mgr. Quilmes Brewery, nr. Buenos Aires, and Morris Kember, President of Coca-Cola, Cordoba; October, 1975, Franz Metz, Mgr. Mercedes-Benz. Clippings: 1973-1975, and undated.
10 Argentina. Kidnap of Jorge and Juan Born. Heads of largest business combine, Bunge and Born, by E.R.P.; largest-ever ransom: £26 million. Clippings: 1974-1975. They were kidnapped 19 September, 1974, and released June, 1975.
11. Argentina. Oberdan Sallustro. Clippings: March-April, 1972. The kidnapping and murder of Oberdan Sallustro of Fiat, by Trotskyite group.
12. Argentina. Anti-Guerilla activities. Clippings: 1976-1978.
13. Argentina. Kidnappings and Murders. Clippings: 1970-1976. Actions of a broad spectrum of political and criminal groups.
14. Argentina. Guerilla Violence and Official Retaliation. Clippings: 1974-1976. Bombings, murders, violence by both guerillas and the government.
15. Bolivia. Che Guevara (and betrayal). Clippings: 1968-1977, and undated. Includes Parts 1, 2, and 4 of Sunday Telegraph series, "The Che Guevara Diaries."
16. Bolivia. Clippings: 1975-1976. Activities of Che Guevara's followers after his death.
17. Bolivia. Regis Debray. Clippings: 1970, 1976. Debray sentenced for 'intellectual involvement' in Guevara's activities.
18. Brazil. A.L.N. (Accion Libertadora Nacional), V.P.R. (Vangguarda Popular Revolucionaria). Report, June 1970, Clippings: 1976. June 1970 Radio Free Europe report on Brazil's Urban Guerillas.
19. Brazil. Kidnap of U.S. Ambassador Elbrick. After 4 days, exchanged for 15 guerillas flown to Cuba. Clippings: 1969.
20. Brazil. Kidnap of German Ambassador Ehrenfried von Holleben. Released for 40 political prisoners. Clippings: 1970.
21. Brazil. Hi-jacking of Swiss Ambassador, Giovanni Bucher, in Rio, Dec. 1970. Bucher released 16 Jan. 1971 in exchange for 70 political prisoners flows to (Allende's) Chile. Clippings: Dec, 1970-Jan, 1971.
22. Chile. Clippings: 1976-1977. Repression by the military government; Kissinger's condemnation of its violation of human rights standards; hi-jacking of airliner.
23. Colombia. E. L. N. (National Liberation Army), F.A.R.C. (Army of Revolutionary Forces of Colombia. Clippings: 1973-1978.
24. Dominican Republic. Clippings: 1971-1975. Terrorist activities in the Dominican Republic, including the hostage-taking of American diplomat Barbara Hutchison by a group led by Radames Nendez Vargas; murder of Miriam Pinedo de Morales in Belgium.
25: Ecuador. Clippings: 1970-1971.Terrorist kidnappings of General Cesar Rohan Sandoval, and Juan Isaias Barquet.
26. Guatemala. Hi-jacking US diplomats, Ambassador Spreti. Clippings: 1968-1976. Kidnappings of US diplomat Sean Holly; kidnapping and murder of the German Ambassador Count Karl von Spreti; attack on the British Consul John Weymes.
27. Mexico. Clippings: 1971-1976, and undated. Mexican political kidnappings and murders; deaths of two of the gang leaders.
28. Nicaragua. Clippings: 1974. Hostage-taking, with 14 hostages; terrorists flew to Cuba.
29. Paraguay. Clippings: 1973-1976. Kidnapping of Ian Martin; his rescue, and sentencing of five of the seven kidnappers; book reviews of historical matters, and the perceived 'loss of paradise'.
30. Uruguay. Organization and Leaders, including arrests and torture by Uruguayan police. Clippings: 1971-1974. Tupamoros and their leaders Raoul Sendic, Maria Elena Topolanski, José Pedro Zabalza, Paul Bidegain Gressing, Julio Marenales Saenz.
31. Uruguay. Kidnap of Ambassador Jackson. Clippings: 1971-1972, and undated. Kidnapping by the Tupamaros, negotiations, and release of Geoffrey Jackson, British Ambassador to Uruguay.
32. Uruguay. Tupumaros' release of Ambassador Jackson, after 8 months and 1 day; his memoirs. Clippings: 1971-1974. Memoirs released as a 3-part Observer series; review of his book "People's Prison" (McMaster Library Listing: HV9628.J13
33. Uruguay. Kidnap of Brazilian Consul Dias Gomide, held for 206 days until February 21, 1971. Ransom $250,000 ($1 million demanded). At this time, Ambassador Jackson was still being held. Clippings: 1971.
34. Uruguay. Torture and Political Killings. Clippings: 1975-1976. Murder of Ramon Trabal.
35. Venezuela. Clipping: 1976.The police killing of Jorge Rodriguez, a Socialist leader.
36. Venezuela. Rudas Mezones (Armed National Liberation Forces). Faked kidnap by woman-consul, 1971. Clippings: 1971.
37. Uruguay. Politics. Clippings: 1972, 1976. Political appointments.
Section 3: Guerillas in Europe
1. Austria. Clippings: 1976, 1978. Actions involving West German terrorists; 1976 attempt to free Waltraud Bock, suspected of links to Baader-Meinhof gang.
2. Britain. Possible use of atom bombs; attacks on oil rigs, nuclear plants, oil tankers, other ships. See also British Security (e.g. Boxes 41A&B: Files 4 (item 3), 21, 22, 23). Clippings: 1972-1978. Includes deportation of two Iranian students.
3. France. Clippings: 1971-1978. Left-wing kidnappings; student unrest; right-wing attacks; Breton and Corsican attacks on the central government; international crime; kidnap and rescue of Baron Edouard Jean Empain.
4. France. 'GARI' (revolutionary action group); attempts to kidnap Giscard d'Estaing. Two bombers found dead. Clippings: 1976.
5. Germany. Clippings: 1968-1978, and undated. German terror attacks and the government's fight against them.
6. Germany. Stockholm raid. Clippings: 1976-1977. Trial and sentencing of Stockholm bombers; kidnap of the nephew of one of the Stockholm embassy attackers.
7. Germany. Miscellaneous. Clippings: 1970-1978. Student and other protests; criminal kidnappings; police action; Daniel Cohn-Bendit.
8. Greece. Clippings: 1976. Extradition of Rolfe Pohle to West Germany.
9. Holland. Clippings: 1971-1978. West German terrorists in Holland; deportation of three terrorists to West Germany; South Moluccan terrorist hostage-taking.
10. Italy. Clippings: 1969-1978. Criminal and terrorist activities; kidnapping; skyjacking (see also Box 70, Section 3, Envelope 1); bombings; shootings; arson.
11. Italy. Aldo Moro. Clippings: 1978. Kidnapping and murder of Aldo Moro by the Red Brigade.
12. Italy. Red Brigades. Clippings: 1970-1978. Red Brigades' criminal activities; the trial in Turin.
13. Italy. Italian Secret Service Chiefs involved in Neo-Fascist plots. Clippings: 1974.
14. Italy. Neo-fascist and terror acts. Clippings: 1972-1976. Neo-fascist coup attempt.
15. Spain. Clippings: 1972-1977. Terrorist threats to Arab ambassadors in Spain; independence movement in the Canary Islands.
16. Sweden. Clippings: 1977. Attempted kidnapping of Anna-Greta Leijohn; gang led by West German Norbert Kroecher; Briton Alan Hunter was accused and deported; links to Baader-Meinhof.
17. Switzerland. Clippings: 1972-1978. Links between Swiss anarchists and Baader-Meinhof; West Germans with links to 'Carlos' on trial.
18. Turkey. Clippings: 1971-1977. Turkish terrorists and hijackers; Turkish National Liberation Front, a left-wing group.
19. Turkey. Killing of British Radar Technicians, 1972. Clippings: 1972. Kidnapping, and murder of three of the group by the Turkish People's Liberation Army.
20. Yugoslavia. Clippings: 1978. Yugoslav-West German mutual extradition requests; Yugoslavia wanted Stepan Bilandzic; Germany wanted four accused of being part of the Baader-Meinhof gang; Croat attack on the West German consulate in Chicago; murder of Bruno Busič in Paris.
Section 4: Basque Separatist Organization - E.T.A.
1. Euskada ta Askatusana: Basque Nation's Freedom: General, and Organization. Clippings: 1970-1979. See also Spain (this box, Section 3, Envelope 15).
2. Kidnappings and bomb outrages. Clippings: 1970-1974, and undated.
3. E.T.A. Kidnap of West German Consul, Eugen Beihl. Clippings: December, 1970.
Section 5: Guerillas: Pacific Region
1. Japan. Miscellaneous. Clippings: 1972, 1976. Threats to the Israeli Embassy in Tokyo; bomb attack in Sapporo.
2. Japan. Japanese Red Army. Clippings: 1970-1975. Radio Free Europe research papers (15 May, 18 June, 1970); Lydda airport massacre by the Japanese Red Army; other attacks in Singapore, Paris, The Hague, Kuala Lumpur. See also Box 70, Section 1, Envelopes 11, 17, 18.
3. Japan. Hijack of Japanese DC-8 to Dacca; release of most of the Japanese Red Army; the plane flown then to Algeria via Kuwait. Clippings: 1977.
4. North Korea. Clippings: 1976. Support to the subversive actions of the North Korean diplomatic service, and their smuggling activities (see also: Box 52, Section 6, Envelope 3).
5. Other countries. Clippings: 1973-1978. Guerilla activities in Burma, Iran, the Philippines, and Australia.
Section 6: Skyjacking
1. To Algeria. Clippings: 1972. Mostly from USA, helicopter pilot and his girlfriend; another hijack from Detroit saw the ransom money returned by Algerian government to Delta Airlines.
2. Australia. Qantas Hoax. Clippings: 1971. Hoax by 'Mr. Brown' threat of bomb aboard jet; connection with Britain; offers of reward for the capture.
3. Britain. Clippings: 1970-1977. First hijack 1961; miscellaneous hijackings of British airliners, and by Britons; includes bomb hoaxes, hijacking of BAC 1-11 airliner from Heathrow to Eastern Europe; pilot landed at Stansted, and hijackers arrested; bomb attack.
4. Canada. Clippings: 1971-1972.Two events: Air Canada DC-8 on an internal flight; hijacking of Air Canada DC-8 in Frankfurt with stewardess taken hostage.
5. Central and South America. Clippings: 1969-1975. Variety of events: hijacking of Ecuadorean Air Force plane; others involving Dominican Republic, Brazil, Honduras, Argentina, Chile, Costa Rica, Venezuela, Colombia, Bolivia.
6. American aircraft to Cuba. Clippings: 1969-1976. Initial support by Cuba of hijacking; 1972 deal to curb the activity; Cuban repudiation of the agreement in 1976.
7. Czechs. Clippings:1971-1978. Czech nationals involved in hijackings to Austria, West Germany, and various attempts.
8. France. Clippings: 1971-1976. Hijackings in France; also, by a Frenchman.
9. West Germany. Clippings: 1972-1978. Hijacking to West Germany from behind the Iron Curtain; hijacking of airliner by Red Army terrorists linked to the kidnapping and murder of Dr. Hanns-Martin Schleyer (see also: Box 80, Section 4, Envelopes 5, 6, 10); flight to Mogadishu, where German anti-terrorist troops rescued the hostages; German activities to curb hijackings.
10. Greece. Clippings: 1969-1975. Two events: hijacking of a Greek airliner to Albania; hijacking of a Bulgarian airliner to Greece.
11. Israel. Clippings: 1972-1977. Account of a skyjacker who 'got away with it'; campaign for an international body to fight skyjacking; demands by commercial pilots' association for the UN to act to combat aerial piracy.
12. Italy. Clippings: 1969, 1972. Accounts of skyjacking by persons who wished to go to Italy for various reasons: Minichiello, Attila Lazzeri, Maimono.
13. Persia (Iran) and the Middle East. Clippings: 1970-1977. Hijack from Tehran; threats to BOAC from Iranian nationals; BAC hijacking by Saeed Madjd; death of 10 'terrorists' at Tehran airport; Baghdah-bound plane hijacked to Kuwait; death of Lufthansa pilot shot in cold blood by Yemeni hijackers.
14. Philippines. Clippings: 1971-1976. Flight from Manila hijacked by six terrorists who wanted to go to Peking (Beijing). Death and damage prevented by British air traffic controller who achieved release of most passengers with no damage to plane at a refueling stop in Hong Kong; another incident with 12 Filipinos as hostages in aircraft in Bangkok.
15. Philippines.
16. Poland. Clippings: 1970-1977. Attempt at skyjacking within Poland; successful hijack to Denmark (Bornholm I.); prison term for hijacker, political asylum for four uninvolved Polish nationals; failed attempt to hijack a LOT plane to Vienna.
17. Turkey. Clippings: 1970-1976. Odd behaviour on the part of the Turks to two Lithuanian hijackers; political asylum for Turkish hijackers in Bulgaria; attempted hijack in France by Turkish worker who was being expelled.
18. USA. Clippings: 1970-1979. Numerous accounts of attempted, failed, and successful skyjackings.
19. Vietnam. Clippings: 1972-1976. Unsuccessful attempts resulting in the deaths of all hijackers, and in one case of all passengers and crew of a plane blown apart by a grenade at 1000 ft.
20. Nationalist Croats against Tito. Skyjack in New York of American aircraft, flown to Paris via London; leaflet 'raid'; bombs in New York, and skyjackers charged with murder. Clippings: 1976-1979. Also demands by Yugoslavia for extradition of Croatian hijackers who killed the Yugoslav ambassador in Sweden; death of principal hijacker in Paris; capsule history of extremist Croatian nationalist movement.
21. Nationalist Croats against Tito. Murder of Yugoslav ambassador in 1971; skyjack in Sweden, trial in Spain. Clippings: 1972. 1977.
22. Various countries. Eastern Europe: Rumania, East Germany, Bulgaria; Asia: India/Pakistan; Africa: Ethiopia, South Africa. Clippings: 1971-1979. Variety of techniques, for a variety of reasons; consequences far beyond anything the hijackers could have imagined.
23. Measures against skyjacking: airport security, etc. Clippings: 1970-1977. Tactics range from armed guards on planes (U.S.), creation of metal-detecting security gates, and x-ray detectors for baggage to training of sharpshooters and legislation (Britain). As well, allowing observers a clear view of airliners on the ground followed rocket attacks on planes on the ground.
24. International Prevention Measures. Demands for refusal of asylum by Arab states, by Britain and others' rejection of ransom demands; Airline Pilots' protest actions. Clippings: 1970-1974. Articles on the importance of governmental action against hijackers, with inevitable dissention over the details; pilots demanded the UN take action; the US introduced the need for transit visas for all passengers landing on US soil en route to other destinations; Britain passed The Protection of Aircraft Bill; Arab states had been slow to agree to the restrictions against harbouring or supporting skyjackers; ICAO wanted legislation which distinguished between individuals and States hijacking aircraft, or failing to prosecute hijackers; questions arose around ransom demands, and how to treat States that will not accept international conventions, e.g. Libya, Algeria, and Cuba.
25. Soviet Union to Turkey. Clippings: 1970. Lithuanian father and son hijacked a Soviet airliner to Turkey, killing a stewardess and wounding two others (see this section, Envelope 17); actions of the Turks; consequences for the hijackers.
26. Soviet Union. Clippings: 1973-1978. Variety of occasions identified in which Soviet airliners had been commandeered.
27. By Jews in Soviet Union to Turkey. Clippings: 1970-1974. Two Radio Free Europe typescripts on the 'Leningrad Case', where Jews were alleged to have tried to hijack a plane to Turkey but were foiled, and then jailed in the Soviet Union; questions over whether they were victims of a Soviet plot; the contention is that more and more Jewish persons who desired to emigrate to Israel were being charged with treason, and jailed; by 1974, under public pressure, the Soviet regime was being forced to allow the Jews to emigrate.
Section 7: Criminal Hijacks
1. Skyjacking: of French Air-Inter Caravelle, 1 October, 1977, at Orly. Clippings: 1977. Jacques Robert, a political extremist, and mentally unstable, hijacked 91 passengers and a crew over Lyon. The plane returned to Orly; eventually threw a hand grenade amongst the hostages when the police stormed the aircraft.
Section 8: Crime, Police, Penalties
1. Burglary/Robbery. Clippings: 1947-1968, and undated, but late 1920s. Variety of robbery types: cat burglars, Jewel thieves, safe-crackers, shoplifters; Alfie Hinds; highwaymen; document thefts; Observer Review articles on burglars.
2. Euthanasia. Clippings: undated. Attempts to legalize euthanasia.
3. Insurance frauds. Clippings: 1948-1960. Types of insurance fraud, including arson.
4. Forgery. Clippings: 1946-1962, and undated. Travellers' cheques; petrol coupons; airline tickets; 'Three-fingered Jack'.
5. Counterfeiting/ Coining. Clippings: 1934-1970, and undated. German counterfeits of British banknotes; US dollar forgery discovered in Europe; Swiss franc forgery; early clippings of British counterfeits.
6. Foreign (Europe) Cases. Clippings: 1923-1970, and undated. Variety of crimes, mostly bizarre murders; trials of murderers; escape from Communist East Germany; 21 9 62 Quick articles (in German).
7. Poisoning. Clippings: 1962, and undated. Obsession with poisons put Frederick Young, aged 15, into Broadmoor; 1930s attacks which killed and left no traces.
8. Financial Swindles, Frauds, 'Bucket-Shops'. Clippings: 1939-1946, and undated. Interviews with ex-convicts; white-collar crimes and trials.
9. Famous Old Cases. Clippings: 1922-1964. South Sea Bubble wind-up; Mudie case; Furnace case; Boston Strangler.
10. Pathologists' Activities (Spilsbury, Simpson, Camps, etc.). Clippings: 1935-1963. Mostly about Spilsbury, whose career began with the conviction of George Joseph Smith.
11. Imposters. Clippings: 1959-1960, and undated. "Count Caligostro"; Anna Kasfi"; The Prince who Died Twice.
12. Pickpockets. Clippings: 1962-1966. Complaints about young people not wanting to train as pickpockets; stories of successful 'dips'; police advice.
13. Vice. Clippings: 1947-1967, and undated. Fighting prostitution; amoral tax collector; profitability of pornography; Messina brothers; article on Hollywood stars and Las Vegas.
14. Weapons, Vandalism, Protection Money. Clippings: 1965-1968. Heavier sentences for gun-toting hooligans; vandalism on telephones; suggestions of Mafia protection payments in crime ring at Heathrow airport.
Section 9: Kidnapping
1. Lindbergh Baby Case. Clippings: 1952-1976. Reader's Digest article and others casting doubts upon whether the case was solved; translation of the case to European situations.
2. Peugeot Case. Clippings: 1952, 1971. Snatch and safe return of Eric Peugeot; profiles of the kidnappers, investigative techniques.
3. Getty Kidnapping: Paul Getty III. Clippings: 1973-1976. Clippings, Observer article about the kidnapping, ransom demands, mutilation, and freeing of teenaged Paul Getty III in Italy; the trial of his kidnappers.
4. Various Cases. Clippings: 1970-1974, and undated. Various British and European cases, including Swedish bank-hostage-taking; consequences for victims, and their families.
Box 82
Section 1: Crime
Murder:
1. General. Clippings: 1956-1964, and undated. Murders in Britain and Europe; Undated articles (in German) from Quick series: 'Wenn Frauen Morden'; advertisement of sale of a large number of mystery books.
2. Anomalies: Clippings: 1962-1965. Includes report of a man judged to have committed a murder for which he had been acquitted 19years previously.
3. Murder - Young Girls as Victims. Clippings: 1956-1966. Convictions of murderers such as Arthur Jones.
4. Adult Females as Victims. Clippings: 1962-1971, and undated. Murders in Germany and Britain; photocopy of sketch by Robert Wood, who was accused of the Camden Town Murder. The copyright license was held by Peter Leighton.
5. Hangings. Clippings: 1956-1958, and undated. Questions of innocence of persons hanged for crimes; Frederick Seddon's murder of Elizabeth Mary Borrow, and his execution.
6. Killer: Iain Simpson. Clippings: 1962. Article about his murder of two men.
7. General. Clippings: 1945-1971, and undated. Theft; crime in London; criminals and the 'rogue solicitors' who help clear them; protection racket in London; 1966 income from criminal activity in Britain; British crime levels in general.
8. Blackmail. Clippings: 1935-1957, and undated. Actual and attempted blackmail in Britain. See also: Box 55, Sect. 1, Env. 4, 11, 13; Box 56, Sect. 1, Env. 5; Box 57, Sect. 1, Env. 27
9. Confidence Men. Clippings: 1935-1956, and undated. Confidence tricks.
10. Detection, Criminology. Clippings: 1933-1962, and undated. Various investigative methods used to help police solve crimes.
11. Forgeries, Art. Clippings: 1946-1966, and undated. Art forgeries and forgers.
12. Forgeries, Literary. Clippings: 1944, and undated. Numerous accounts of forged documents and stolen first editions.
13. Fraud. Clippings: 1962-1965, and undated. Range of fraud from not paying for telephone calls to begging letters, and fraud about gold deals.
14. Fake Degrees. Clipping: 1962. The control of granting of degrees in Britain.
15. Racing. Doping. Clippings: 1935-1947, and undated. Criminal fraud in horse racing and dog racing.
16. Unsolved Old Cases. Clippings: 1947-1965, and undated. Unsolved murders in Britain, Europe, and the USA.
17. Historical. Clippings: 1944, 1964. Historical crimes and criminals.
18. Art Theft. Clipping: 1962. The arrest of two British tourists in Bavaria for theft of two carved wooden figures from a church.
19. Interpol. Clippings: 1953-1963. Interpol and its activities, from both sides of the German border; Letter to Spiro (Cookridge) from R. L. Jackson of CID at Scotland Yard, answering a request of Cookridge's.
20. Prisons. Clippings: 1948-1969, and undated. British prisons; work for prisoners; prison life; changes resulting from increased numbers of prisoners; prison staffing; prisoners' lives upon release.
Section 2: Secret Societies
1. General. Clippings: 1965-1968. Includes reviews of Norman MacKenzie's "Secret Societies"; Cookridge's synopsis for three proposed articles collectively entitled, "Conspiracies of the Hidden Empires" under the pseudonym 'A.B. Hutchinson'.
2. Mafia. Clippings: 1957-1968. The Mafia in general; opposition to it; death of Charles 'Lucky' Luciano in Naples.
3. Tribal, in Africa. Clippings: 1958, and undated (but probably 1934). West Africa.
4. Polynesian. Clipping: 1960. The 'Cargo Cult'.
5. Japan. Clippings: 1945, and undated. The 'Black Dragon' society in Japan.
Section 3: Treasures.
Hidden Treasures:
1. General. Clippings: 1945-1963. Lost treasures; the issues around keeping the gold holdings of conquered nations out of the hands of the Nazis.
2. In Britain. Clippings: 1928-1967, and undated. Coins, Roman relics; the Sutton Hoo and Mildenhall treasures; the reopening of the British Museum after WWII.
3. In Britain. King John's Treasure. Clippings: 1957-1961, and undated (1930s). Photocopies of 1957-1961 newspaper articles almost unreadable; envelope includes some original articles and a transcription of the photocopies.
4. Ancient - Roman, etc. Clippings: 1945-1968, and undated. Searches for ancient treasures, and accounts of treasures found, e.g. Fishbourne, and King Solomon's mines; an undated clipping reports the finding of the skeleton of 'Peking Man'.
5. Cocos Treasure Island. Clippings: undated. Most concern searches for treasure on Cocos Island; others relate to Oak Island in Nova Scotia, and searches in Georgia.
6. Sunk at Sea (Davy Jones's Locker). Clippings: 1934-1976. Sunken treasures; recovery attempts; sale of recovered treasure; treasures of the Armada, the Lusitania, the Andrea Doria, and other ships; review of Bengt Ohrelius "Vasa, the King's Ship"; proposed Cookridge article: "Salvage Battle Goes on All the Time"; Lutine sunken gold (1799) off Holland.
7. Natural. Clippings: 1936-1964, and undated. Reports of buried treasure in Britain ranging from minerals to gold and jewels; valuable elements in the sea; story of Mrs. Tessie Kumm and her mine near Broken Hill, Australia.
8. Private. Clippings: 1938-1947, and undated. How people keep their hidden savings; WWI deserter who hid for 23 years.
Section 4: Justice, Law Courts, Judges, Lawyers
1. International Court of Justice. Clippings: 1945-1960, and undated. The court and its judges; UN Information Organization Paper #4, September 1945 entitled, "The International Court of Justice"; US Information Release, January 27, 1960, entitled: "Herter Statement on World Court Jurisdiction."
2. Law Courts: General, Britain. Clippings: 1937-1970, and undated. Legal system in Britain: courts, oddities of the system, and its functions; operation of the Old Bailey; Cookridge proposal for "Lid Off the Courts" by 'Peter S. Leighton' (see Series 2, Box 19, File 5 for the completed article); outline of the court system, and the justices as of 1945.
3. Law: Solicitors (Britain). Clippings: 1961-1965.
4. Lawsuits. Clippings: 1945-1946, and undated. Problems over wills, identity, medical malpractice, a wild bird, and property.
5. Magistrates. Clippings: 1945-1961, and undated. Magistrates; their training; magistrates' courts; history of magistrates' courts; their operation.
6. Judges, Part I.: Biographical Data. Clippings: 1931-1960, and undated. Various justices: Lord Lohan; Lord Darling; Lord du Parq; Lord Chief Justice Goddard; Lord Lawrence; Lord Merriman; Lord Porter; Mr. Justice Atkinson; Mr. Justice Birkett; Mr. Justice Cassels; Mr. Justice Croom-Johnson; Mr. Justice Henn-Collins; Mr. Justice Humphreys, Mr. Justice Sellars; Mr. Justice Wrottesley; also, 1931-1934 and undated clippings about Mr. Justice Horridge, Mr. Justice McCordie, and Mr. Justice Swift.
7. Judges, Part II. Activities. Clippings: 1933-1964. Includes two pages of handwritten Cookridge notes on the judiciary.
8. Justice: Financial Aspects. Clippings: 1937-1963, and undated. Legal costs, and salaries.
9. Justice: Libel Cases. Clippings: 1954-1978.
10. Justice: Official Secrets Trial. Clippings: 1978. An official secrets trial; vetting of jury candidates; comparison with the US attitude at Watergate.
11. Justice: Sentences. Clippings: 1938-1978, and undated. Oddities of sentencing. Handwritten Cookridge notes.
12. Justice: Odd British Laws. Clipping: 1956. From a series entitled, "When the Law is an Ass".
Section 5: Police in Britain
1. Scotland Yard: Personalia. Clippings: 1947-1978, and undated. Senior officers in the Metropolitan Police force (Scotland Yard); changes in their responsibilities.
2. General Policing. Clippings: 1953-1978, and undated. Personnel retention; new crime-fighting techniques; citizen complaints; attacks on police; outline of proposed article, and notes by Cookridge: "Black Museum is Moving" under the name 'Peter S. Leighton'. See, e.g., Box 19, File 5.
3. Scotland Yard - Informers. Clipping: 1946.
4. Scotland Yard - Fingerprints. Clippings: 1933-1955, and undated. The use of fingerprints in criminal investigations.
5. Scotland Yard: General. Clippings: 1957-1962. Various aspects of policing in Britain.
Section 6: Aviation
1. History. Clippings: 1946-1967, and undated. Popular 'aerostation'; the growing use of aircraft; development of the aircraft industry.
2. Industry. Clippings: 1944-1962. British aircraft industry; complete articles 1) British Survey.1944. Vol 5(12):63-66. British Air Transport, 1914-1944; 2) British Survey (1944). Vol 5(13): 67-70,. British Air Transport: Future Development, and Supplement 'Prospects of Employment' p. 71; 3) typescript regarding the (edited to) 1961 consolidation of the British aero-engine industry; spotters' guide to the 1962 Farnborough air show.
3. Pilots. Clippings: 1961-1962. Recruitment, training of pilots; operational fatigue.
4. Safety. Clippings: 1961. Air traffic control; flight safety; consequent upon three crashes in mid-1961.
Section 7: Britain: Other Topics
1. Private Courts. Clipping: undated. General Medical Council, the Milk Marketing Board, and the Law Society seen as private courts
2. Strange Places. Clippings: 1936-1947, and undated. Strange places; strange things to see.
3. "Some Great Scots". Clippings: undated, unsourced. Includes facts about Scotland, and Scottish life.
4. Memoirs, Diaries. Clippings: 1961-1962, and undated. Modern diarists.
5. Languages, Language Study in Britain, Foreign Teaching. Clippings: 1961-1965. Variety of articles about advantages and necessity of learning languages other than English.
6. Languages - English. Clippings: 1934-1978, and undated. Usage and misuse; the meaning of words, and dictionaries of slang; English creeping into other languages, e.g. 'franglais'; English taught to foreigners; pidgin English cartoon; the British Lending Library.
8. Predictions. Clippings: 1938-1960, and undated. 'Hunches' and predictions; two sheets of Cookridge's handwritten notes on predictions; undated pamphlet: Fowler, L.N.: 'Revelations of the Face: a Study of Physiognomy' published in both London and New York.
9. Channel Tunnel. Clippings: 1943-1964, and undated. The history of a planned tunnel beneath the English Channel; two photographic copies of a 1944 drawing of the proposed tunnel; two pages of handwritten notes by Cookridge on the history of the proposed tunnel.
10. Rare Books. Clippings: 1937-1965, and undated. Book sales and rare books, some first editions; replenishing libraries after the devastation of WW II.
11. Books, Authors, and Publishers. Clippings: 1946-1979, and undated.
Box 83
Foreign Services/Governments. (Boxes 83-86; arrangement is alphabetical)
Section 1: Afghanistan
1. Clippings: 1970-1979. Deposition of the King in 1973; establishment of republican government; separatist movements in the area; Soviet involvement in the coup in 1978.
Section 2: Argentina
1. General, History. First Peron Dictatorship. Clippings: 1943-1978, and undated. Juan Peron, the military influence and control of the government; British Survey Vol. IV (12), 'History of Argentina'; conditions in Argentina; profile of Eva Peron.
2. Return of Peron. His death, and succession by his widow. Clippings: 1972-1976. Juan Peron's return to Argentina after 18 years of exile in Spain; the March 1973 election of Dr. Hector Campora as President of Argentina, a Peronist; his resignation in July, 1973, in favour of the return of Peron; Peron's death in July 1974, and succession by his 3rd wife, Maria Estela de Peron, popularly known as 'Isabelita'.
3. President Maria Estella Peron. Clippings: 1973-1976. She was nominated as Vice-Presidential running mate to Juan Peron in 1973, assuming power after his death in 1974; her changes to the government; political violence; deposed by a military coup; the junta's subsequent actions: prosecuting her for mishandling public funds, and later, for fraud.
4. Left-wing demonstrations, Assassinations, Montoneros. Clippings: 1973-1977. Leftist guerilla attacks. See also Guerillas (Box 81, Section 2, Envelope 3).
5. Murders and Kidnappings of Leftists. Clippings: 1972-1977. Argentinian government attacks on left-wing guerillas; right-wing death squads; guerilla reprisals.
6. Arrests of Britons. Clippings: 1975-1976. Detention and release of Richard and Christina Norcross; the arrests of Alan and Anna-Maria McHugh.
7. Violence inside and outside Argentina. Clippings: 1976-1978. Violence by right-wing groups and the Argentinian government both within and outside Argentina.
8. The Falkland Islands (Las Malvinas). Clippings: 1975-1976. Argentinian disputes with Britain over the Falklands; Argentinian control over passenger air access.
Section 3:Austrian Intelligence Service
Austria:
1. History. Clippings: 1944-1976, and undated. June 1944 British Survey Vol V (9), 'Austria'; Central European Observer article (1945) on Austria.
2. The Habsburgs (Hapsburgs). Clippings: 1945-1976. The family; Dr. Otto von Habsburg and his political ambitions.
3. Vienna. Clippings: 1946-1976, and undated. The city of Vienna; tourist booklet (1977) on the city.
4. The Communist Party. Clippings: 1970-1971. Issues of 'Radio Free Europe Research' on the Austrian Communist Party and its shrinking support base.
5. Chancellor Dr. Bruno Kreisky. Clippings: 1960-1978. Political life of Dr. Kreisky as Foreign Minister, and then as Chancellor.
6. Politics. Clippings: 1956-1974. Range of issues from its neutrality policy to its rejection of nuclear power plants; the death of President Franz Jonas, April, 1974.
Section 4: Belgium
1. History and Politics. Clippings: 1947-1974. The country; Queen Fabiola; the two languages; British Survey Vol VIII (2, 17), 1947. 'Benelux I', and 'Benelux II'; attempts to bug the Prime Minister; policing.
Section 5: Bolivia, Peru, Paraguay, Uruguay
1. Bolivia. Clippings: 1970-1977. Bolivian guerillas; political coups; plots; Hugo Banzer's regime; Bolivia's search for access to the sea; slave labour camps in the jungle; the possibility of white immigrants from South Africa.
2. Peru. Clippings: 1974-1978. Politics; political opposition; power struggles; ouster of President Juan Velasco Alvarado by Francisco Morales Bermudez; summary of South American juntas in the light of Peru's June 1978 election.
3. Uruguay. Clipping: 1978. The government and internal dissent. See also Box 86, Section 10.
Section 5: Brazil
1. General. Clippings: 1964-1978, and undated. The country; the people; internal policies and politics; relations with its neighbours; nuclear power; economics; President Ernesto Geisel's regime; British furor over his 1976 visit to Britain; free-spending civil servants in Brasilia; Brazilian gunman a US Peace Corps coordinator; the military in political life; British Survey Vol III (14), 1942, on 'Brazil'.
2. Political Oppression, Tortures, and Murders. Clippings: 1970-1977. Torture of political prisoner; death squads; anti-government rebels; political arrests and torture; attacks against priests; US human rights criticism of Brazil.
Section 6: Burma
1. Clippings: 1946-1979, and undated. General information; its people; the anti-communist war; tribal opposition to the central military government; one-party Socialist government of U Ne Win; British Survey Vol VI (26), 1945, 'Burma: Some Problems of Liberation'.
Section 7: Central America: Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, El Salvador.
1. Costa Rica. Clippings: 1974-1977. Politics; political scandal; Robert Vesco in the country, and his extradition to the USA to face charges of swindling and illegal political payments.
2. Dominican Republic. Clippings: 1963-1978. Presidents Juan Bosch, and Antonio Guzman; Balaguer's activities to assure his election.
3. Guatemala. Clippings: 1974-1977. Guatemalan political death squads; Guatemala's claim to Belize (British Honduras).
4. Haiti. Clippings: 1947-1977. History; Dictator Dr. François Duvalier ('Papa Doc') and his repressive regime; succession by his son, Jean-Claude Duvalier ('Little Doc'); the succession contested; opposition to the regime, political prisoners, and death.
5. Honduras. Clippings: 1975, and undated. Conflict between the Guatemalan government and United Brands, the successor to the United Fruit Company, over bananas.
6. Nicaragua. Clippings: 1974-1978. Dictator General Anastasio Somoza's regime; opposition to it; eventual rebellion (1978); American-led 'mediation attempts'.
7. Panama: Canal Zone. Clippings: 1942-1978. General information about the country; purported kidnap plot involving Dame Margot Fonteyne, her husband Dr. Roberto Arias, and stepson Roberto; revisions to the US Panama Canal Treaty; canal history; British Survey Vol VI (11), 1945. 'Panama Canal'.
8. El Salvador. Clippings: 1974-1978. General information about the country; criminal arms sales: attempt by Col. Manuel Alfonso Rodriguez; El Salvador attack on Honduras; rightist government: politics and political oppression.
Section 8: Chile
1. General, History, Economics, etc. Population. Clippings:1974-1977.
2. Allende Government. Clippings: 1972-1973. President Allende's left-wing government; the growing movement to oust them; increasing military involvement in government; Allende's death.
3. Overthrow and murder of Allende. Clippings: 1973-1975. Right-wing attacks; President Allende's death; its aftermath as the right-wing military government takes over power; Pinochet government’s reprisals on left-wing supporters.
4. Pinochet Regime: arrests, murders, torture of Allende supporters. Clippings: 1973-1978. Right-wing junta under Pinochet; its record of atrocities against political opponents; reports of disappearances; reports of the activities of DINA, the national intelligence directorate; its killings and reign of terror; growing opposition to Pinochet; handwritten note, not by Cookridge, of some background information on Guzman and Pinochet.
5. Articles by foreign observers on Allende, and the Junta. Clippings: 1973-1975.
6. Relations with other countries, e.g. Latin America, Britain, the USA; Arms. Clippings: 1973-1978. Breaks in diplomatic relations; embassy attacks; relationship with other countries; cut-offs in British aid and arms.
7. Torture cases: Dr. Cassidy (1976). Clippings: 1975-1977. The arrest, detention, torture, and release of Dr. Sheila Cassidy, a British doctor; she was charged with treating a wounded guerilla; her own account.
8. Exchange (for Bukovsky) of Corvalan, December, 1976. Clippings: 1976-1977. Exchange of political prisoners, Luis Corvalan, Secretary-General of the Chilean Communist Party; the release of other prisoners for cash.
9Murder of Orlando Letelier, and murders (1976) in other countries. Clippings: 1975-1978. Killings by Pinochet's government outside of Chile; culmination in the murder of Orlando Letelier in Washington, DC.
10. Beagle Channel Dispute. Clippings: 1978. Dispute with Argentina over three islands in the Beagle Channel.
Section 9: Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela
1. Colombia. Clippings: 1972-1978. Politics; guerilla activity; human rights with Dr. Alfredo Vazquez Carrizosa; bombs; general strikes in Colombia, Peru, and Ecuador.
2. Ecuador. Clippings: 1975-1976. Politics; arrests at International Gathering of Catholic Bishops, priests, nuns, and laymen (for 'subversion'); their release by the junta amidst national protest.
3. Venezuela. Clippings: 1958-1976. Elections of Betancourt; his ouster by Jiminez, and re-election; oil investment concerns; later influence of Venezuela in Caribbean; detention of Salon Mesa Espinoza and Fortunato Herrera in a military prison.
Section 10: Cuba
1. Cuba: General. Clippings: 1960-1979. Castro as Personality; relations with Russia and Soviet allies; politics; relations with USA; economics, missile crisis; interventions in Angola; obits for J. M. Cardona, Batista; Cuba and skyjackers; spheres of influence; sports; establishment of diplomatic relations with USA; its independent stance.
Section 11: Greece
1. General: History, two World Wars. Clippings: 1962, 1974. Holidaying in Greece; historical book review.
2. Royal Family. Clippings: 1962-1975, and undated. Wedding of Prince Constantine and Princess Anne-Marie; genealogy back to Queen Victoria; the royal couple and their children; speculation on Constantine's possible future.
4. Papadopoulos regime, King Constantine's Exile. Clippings: 1969-1977. Removal of Constantine; rule of the colonels; diplomatic manoeuvres; obit Princess Aspasia; King Constantine, the businessman; monks at Athos.
5. I: Prisons and tortures under (both) military regimes, 1967-1974. Clippings: 1968-1974. Conditions in prison; torturing; Lady Fleming; resistance to junta; death of Ann Chapman; George Papadopoulos; deportation of leftists to Yaros (Yura) island, and release of some; physical evidence of torture.
5. II: Torture in Greece. Clippings: 1975-1976. Revenge of a composer; justice for soldiers accused of torture during junta; murder of a student; sentences for torture increased; reaction of the accused to the 'insult of publicity'; death of Alexander Pangoulis; controversy over Prof. N. E. Devletoglou's position; invitation to Cookridge to a press conference with Devletoglou.
Greek Intelligence:
6. I: General. Clippings: undated (1960s). Published article about lapses in British Intelligence.
6. II: Secret Service ('CIA') KYP, GDEA (Ministry of Public Order) renamed by Karamanlis 'UPEA' (Directorate of National Security). Clippings: 1968-1974. Evidence of political persecution; visit of head of KYP to Britain; arrests of three ex-ministers; abuse of law to require information; confessions of an ex-KYP agent; British assertion of Papadopoulos's involvement in supporting a right-wing coup in Italy.
6. III: Opposition in Greece. Clippings: 1968-1969, 1975. Summary arrests: a general, students, the husband of Mrs. Helen Vlachos - all on trumped-up charges; Strasbourg meeting of the Human Rights Commission; bombing.
6a. Spying on Émigrés. Clippings: 1969. British Commons request to deport the Greek military attaché on the basis of a document sent by KYP to demand surveillance of tourists; instructions for infiltration of Greek 'anti-government' organizations.
6b. Arrests of British seamen. Clippings: 1969. Two members of the British Communist Party, and another, accused of distributing May Day leaflets (produced in Poland); trial of Communist Greek seaman in absentia.
6c. Pro-junta propaganda in Britain. Clippings: 1968. Professional PR firm (Maurice Fraser and Associates) hired to act on behalf of the Greek colonels; accusations in Parliament that an unnamed MP was in the pay of the junta.
6d. Secret Service (KYP): junta agents in Germany. Clippings: 1968. Alleged murder plots by agents of junta against Greek opponents of the junta; named potential victims given police protection; recall of Greek KYP major over the threats.
Greece
7. This number not used.
8. Resistance against Colonels' regime. Clippings: 1967-1974. Escape from Greece of Helen Vlachos; argument by Andreas Papandreou; rescue of George Mylonas from Amorgos; John Spraos; threat against USA; 'sedition' trial of alleged Communists; Radio Free Europe research paper (1970); Lady Fleming; experiment in assessing political opinion; student opposition to junta; review of Theodorakis' 'Journals of Resistance'; police 'barbarity'; Communists under Karamanlis.
9. Deposition of King: Republic (June, 1973). Clippings: 1972-1974, and undated. Military coup forcing King Constantine off the throne and into exile in Italy; rigging of constitutional vote; settling of the king in Britain.
10. Overthrow of Papadopoulos; Ghizikis-Ioannides regime (Nov. 1973). Clippings: 1973-1974. Politics; protests and curfew; purge of military officers; acts of violence after Papadopoulos' departure; corruption exposed; arms deals.
10a. Greek 'Beria': Brigadier Ioannides, Military Police Head, ESA. Clippings: 1973-1975. Change of regime: Papadopoulos out, Ioannides in; as head of Greek military police, Ioannides much feared; his ouster, and reduction of police power; accession of civil government under Karamanlis; problems on Crete; apparent plotting to return to power by Ioannides; torture during his regime.
11. USA (CIA) Involvement: Naval and Air Bases, etc. Clippings: 1971, 1974.
12. Greek-Turkish conflict over Aegean (1974): Disagreement in Junta (before Cyprus crisis). Clippings: 1974. Conflict over potential Aegean oil; military posturing by Greece; Greek back down over rights to continental shelf resources communicated to Turkey by Greek Foreign Minister; more conflict; Greek Foreign Minister resigns.
13. Conflict with Turkey over Cyprus (1974). Clippings: 1974. Sabre-rattling; attempt to get the UN to agree with Greece's position; history of conflict; regime's sudden abandonment of Cypriot citizens; negotiations; arms scandal and sudden change of regime in Greece.
13a. Conflict with NATO (and USA and Britain) over Cyprus: Intention of withdrawal of US Bases. Clippings: 1974. Change of Greek regime resulted in restoration of Greek navy; walkout of Greek staff at NATO; closure of missile firing range on Crete; refusal to discuss Cyprus conflict with the USA; threatened closure of US military bases; Papandreou and the Pan-Hellenic Socialist Party; anti-American sentiments; Greek planned withdrawal from NATO despite warnings; questions about reasonableness of Greek position; closing of some US bases by Greeks.
14. End of Dictatorship: Karamanlis (July, 1974). Clippings: 1973-1974. Panagoulis released as general amnesty for political prisoners; colonels step down and ask Karamanlis to take over; some speculation over possible return of King Constantine; causes of regime change; quick changes in civil servant personnel; return of exiles; consequences of regime change for Turkey and Cyprus; freedom of political action. See also Cyprus, this Section, Envelope 13, entire Section 5 of Box 78, numerous others.
15 I. Junta Trials: Papadopoulos, Pattakos, Makazeros, and 17 accomplices. Three sentenced to death, but commuted; eight sentenced to life terms; seven sentenced to between 4 and 17 years; 2 acquitted. Clippings: 1973-1978.
15 II. Junta Trials: 1st torture trial of 14 officers, including police (August, 1975). Clippings: 1975. Graphic accounts of the tortures inflicted; printed image of defendants as trial began.
16 Referendum on Monarchy - no return of King (8/12/74). Clippings: 1974-1976. Editorial comments on his brief reign and present circumstances; lack of enthusiasm in Greece.
17. Elections and new Political Parties (1974-1979). Clippings: 1972-1975. Andreas Papandreou's return after the colonels' departure; Greek election; Karamanlis wins over Papandreou; Constantine Tsatsos and his opposition to authoritarian rule; Karamanlis' difficulties in facing some aspects of Balkan culture; riots in Athens.
17a. Karamanlis Government: New appointments in Army, Navy administration. Clipping: 1975.
18. Karamanlis and Soviet relations. 1974. Clipping: 1974.
19. Karamanlis' lax purge of army officers. Clippings: 1975. Rationale.
20. Trial of Officers plotting against Karamanlis Government in Feb. 1975, including Ioannides, who 'plotted from his cell'. Clippings: 1975. Probable explanation for accusation of Karamanlis' "laxity".
21. Foreign Relations. Clippings: 1975-1977, and undated. Involvement with NATO; desire for American arms aid despite closing US bases; relations with foreigners in Greece; relations with neighbouring Balkan countries.
Section 12: Indochina: South Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Thailand
1. General. Clipping: 1975. General political situation in the region.
2. Cambodia. Clippings: 1972-1976, and undated. Cambodian politics; political corruption; Prince Norodom Sihanouk: deposed, his life in Beijing, return to Cambodia and fall from favour; taking of power under the Khmer Rouge; executions and repression; rescue of the American freighter Mayaguez which had been seized by the Khmer Rouge; refugees from Vietnam.
3. Laos. Clippings: 1973-1977. Military coup attempt in 1973; Communist and guerilla attacks leading to the abdication of King Savang Vatthana; seizure of power by the Communists; Soviet 'advisors' in Laos.
4. Thailand. Clippings: 1973. Battling insurgents; changing political base in Thailand with a student-led opposition to a corrupt government.
5. North Vietnam. Clippings: 1975, and undated. Politics; the determination to conquer South Vietnam.
6. South Vietnam. Clippings: 1969-1976. Political events; the anti-communist war before the fall of Saigon; Vietnamese refugees and their lives outside Vietnam; Communist government repressive acts against their opponents; economic matters; extract from Keesing's Contemporary Archives, June 3-July 6, 1975 about events leading to the fall of Saigon; disappearance of South Vietnamese diplomat from his London embassy; arrest of Huynh Van Trong on suspicion of spying for Vietcong.
Box 84
Section 1: Indonesia
1. Indonesia. Clippings: 1945-1977, and undated. British Survey, Vol VI (24), December 22, 1945. 'The Netherlands East Indies'; events leading to Indonesian independence from the Netherlands; growing power of Sukarno; Indonesian attack on Ambon; bloody repression of an attempted coup in 1965; Sukarno's repressive activities; West Irian war against Indonesia; large numbers of political prisoners in Indonesia; Indonesia's involvement in East Timor; a 1976 plot against Suharto, President since 1965; voter intimidation.
Section 2: Iran (Persia): Secret Service
Iran (Persia):
1. Clippings: 1942-1975, and undated. British Survey Vol III (5), 1 January, 1942, entitled, 'Iran', including a supplement map to #5 and #6; extract from Keesing's Contemporary Archives, June 23-29, 1975; miscellaneous clippings, including its armed potential; tourist guidebook for Tehran.
2. Shah. Clippings: 1959-1978, and undated. Shah Mohamed Reza Pahlavi; his family; plots against him. See also: Box 80, Section 1, Envelopes 23, 24.
3. Government. Clippings: 1974-1978. Actions; one-party system; growing discontent.
4. Anti-Shah Movement. Clippings: 1978, May to December. Growing discontent with the Shah's rule; his deposition.
5. Khomeini. Clippings: 1978-1979. Ayatollah Ruholla Khomeini; his opposition to the Shah from his exile in France; confrontations between his supporters and pro-Shah groups; his return to Iran and confrontation with the legitimate government.
6. Nuclear Power. Clippings: 1974-1978. Acquisition of nuclear power plants, seven from France and ten from the USA; discussion about fuel from Australia.
7. Oil and the Economy. Clippings: 1973-1978. Iran's oil exports; effects on Iran's economy, and foreign relations; General Motors' announcement of an assembly plant in Iran; other economic reports.
8. Arms Purchases. Clippings: 1974-1978. Arms purchases, including corruption reports; most purchases from Britain or the USA.
9. International Relations. Clippings: 1968-1978, and undated. Relations with other countries; Iranians in other countries.
10. Plots, Assassinations, and Executions. Clippings: 1968-1978. Secret trials; plots against the Shah; executions; some amnesty for prisoners; the assassination of several Americans and others; the bombing of a cinema.
11. Border Conflict with Kurds, Iraq. Shah makes agreement with Iraq over Kurds. Clippings: 1973-1975.
12. Kurdish Attacks, Actions against Iraq. Clippings: 1969-1974. Kurdish attacks on an Iraq oil refinery; border fighting between Iran and Iraq.
13. Secret Service. Clippings: 1975-1978. The activities of the secret police; SAVAE and their brutality.
14. Spying in the UK. Clippings: 1974. Incident where an Iranian diplomat tried to persuade a British woman to "spy on the opponents of the Shah's regime in Britain."
Section 3: Italy
1. General, History (Garibaldi, etc). Clippings: 1974. Reviews of book about Garibaldi.
2. Mussolini's treasure (hoard). Clippings: 1957-1976. Rise and fall of Mussolini, and his family and cohorts; reviews of, Collier, R.: 'Duce! The Rise and Fall of Benito Mussolini', Mussolini, R.: 'The Real Mussolini', and Smith, D.M.: 'Mussolini's Roman Empire'; reviews of books on fascism; the 'Dongo Treasure' and how the Communists got their hands on it.
3. Government, Economy, NATO, and Foreign Relations. Clippings: 1974, 1978, and undated. The Post Office's sale of undelivered mail as waste paper; political crises in the government; efforts of San Marino to declare independence.
4. Communists, anarchists, and urban guerillas. Clippings: 1970-1979. Radio Free Europe Research Paper (1970): 'How Stalin Tried to Remove Togliatti. PCI Washes Dirty Linen'; activities of the red Brigades and their supporters; Communist-inspired violence; review of Macciocchi, M. A.: ‘Letters from Inside the Italian Communist Party to Louis Althusser'.
5. Communists in Government. Clippings: 1974-1978. Communists as part of the governing centre-left coalition; growth of communists as elected members of city, regional, and national governments.
6. Italian Secret Service (S.I.F.A.R.). Clippings: 1960-1977. Personnel, and activities; typewritten note by Cookridge, regarding two heads of the Secret Service: General Giovanni de Lorenzo, and Admiral Eugenio Henke.
7. Italian Secret Service: Vanished Scientists' Case, 1962. Clippings: 1962. Disappearance of Mario Dolpicher and Corinna Gualdini.
8. Politics. Clippings: 1945-1978. British Survey VI (21): 'Italy Revisited: Impressions of the Political Scene'; Italian politics; politically-inspired violence.
9. Neo-Fascists. Clippings: 1946-1978. Neo-fascist activities; neo-fascist politicians.
10. Mafia. Clippings: 1973-1977.
11. Criminal Activities. Clippings: 1975-1976, and undated. Variety of crimes, including illegal business payments and bribes.
12. Parla Italiano? Italian-German language instruction. Liepzig, Miniatur-Bibliothek.
Section 4: Japan
1. History, People, Economics. Clippings: 1942-1974. Pratt, J. 1942: 'Japan and the Modern World." Oxford Pamphlets #55, 32 pp; assessments of postwar Japan; Fisher, C.A., 1949. 'The Problem of Japan' Current Affairs #91, 20 pp; historical perspective; potential economic competition with the West; issue of Trade News #11, 1966, and a typescript list of Japanese importers in London; labour conditions; Observer review series on Japan (1974); Sunday Telegraph series (1974); industry and politics.
2. Emperor Hirohito: Role during and after the War. Clippings: 1965-1974. Biographical account; question of whether he should be classed as war criminal; protocol.
3. Security for Royalty. Clippings: 1975. Japanese security following Queen Elizabeth's security personnel to learn how to provide security for her during an upcoming visit to Japan; security for Hirohito's visit to the USA; seizure of weapons in New York.
4. Government: Premiers and Parties. Clippings: 1960-1976. Ikeda's 1960 Liberal Democrats; Tanaka's shaky hold on power under growing graft scandal; women in Tanaka's life; his resignation; allegations of fiscal irregularities over 30 years; accession of Takeo Miki as Prime Minister; rising economic costs; debate over adopting nuclear power generation; defense issues; Miki in trouble; arrest of Tanaka; appointment of Takeo Fukuda as Prime Minister.
5. Lockheed Bribery Scandal. Clippings: Feb.-Oct. 1976. Lockheed bribed members of the Lib.-Dem. Party to buy the F104 Starfighter jet, and Tristar Airbus; subpoenas; call for hara-kiri; arrests of Tanaka, Wakasa, and others for accepting bribes; proposed election in Japan.
6. Military Police, Secret Service. Clippings: 1951-1974, and undated. Japanese 'peace party'; postwar National Police Reserve instead of an army; Japanese Peace Treaty (1951); its implications; questions over Pearl Harbor; navy; Japanese self-perception; social unrest; foreign affairs; military perspectives in industry.
7. Secret Service Spies. Clippings: 1937-1946, and undated. Japanese 'Mata Hari'; too many photographers in Singapore; Toshiko Kawashima; Yao Zai-fan in Shanghai; prewar spies in Singapore.
8. Communists, Revolutionary Movements, Students. Clippings: 1970-1976. Radio Free Europe research papers: 'Japanese Communist Party's Success Formula: Independence and Adaptation', 10 pp; 'Moscow to Negotiate JCP Attendance at 24th Congress', 8 pp; expected success of Communists in Tokyo municipal elections; profile of party; bomb near Mitsubishi plant; police reaction to protesters; attacks on US and Russian embassies; political advice to apparatchiks; JCP reaction to Lockheed scandal; visit by Gromyko.
9. "Red Army" terrorists -Kuala Lumpur, 1975. Hostages taken in US embassy. Terrorists freed and flown to Libya. Clippings: 1975.
10. Relations with other countries: Role in world politics. Clippings: 1970-1976. Japan in the struggle between China and Russia; Radio Free Europe research paper: 'East European Trade with Japan', 4 pp; economic interests in the area; USSR-Japan conflict over the four islands in the North that were/are WW II 'booty'; need to retain clear shipping lanes through contested territory; alarm at Russian sea/air exercises.
11. Reflections on World War II. Clippings: 1975-1976. Book reviews: 'Yukio Mishima', Onoda, H.: 'My Thirty-Year War'; history of the Russo-Japanese War, 1904-1905; medical surveillance of survivors of Hiroshima and Nagasaki; Kamikaze pilots and their motivations; monthly meetings of convicted former torturers; Tokyo Rose.
Section 5: Liberia
1. Clippings: 1949-1974, and undated. History, description; long-time President, William Tubman.
Section 6: Luxembourg
1. Clippings: 1964-1975. The principality; Grand Duchess Charlotte; other personalities.
Section 7: Maldives
1. Clipping: 1975. Report of a coup led by the President, Ibrahim Nasir.
Section 8: Mexico
1. Clippings: 1971-1978, and undated. The country; history; Soviet attempt at a coup; anti-government activists; Mexican politics; political kidnappings.
Section 9: Nepal, Bhutan, Sikkim
1. Nepal. Clippings: 1974. Coronation of Birendora Bir Bikram Shah Devas as king.
2. Bhutan: Assassination attempt and Coronation of new King. Clippings: 1974.
3. Sikkim. Clippings: 1974. Vote to dismantle the monarchy; India's absorption of the country.
Section 10: Netherlands
1. Clippings: 1974, and undated. Holland and its political life; undated booklet: "Holland, a Short Survey" from The Netherlands Information Service.
2. Royal Family. Clippings:1956-1976, and undated. Queen Juliana, Prince Bernhard, and their four daughters; Princess Irene's marriage to Prince Hugo de Bourbon; Princess Beatrix's engagement to Klaus von Amsberg.
3. Bribes to Prince Bernhard, 1976. Clippings: 1975-1976, and undated. Prince Bernhard and his involvement in the Lockheed Aircraft bribe scandal.
4. War Criminals. Clippings: 1974-1978. Nazi sympathizers; SS membership.
5. Surinam. Clippings: 1975. Surinam's independence from Holland.
6. Moluccan terrorists in Amsterdam and Beilen, against Indonesia. Clippings: 1975-1978. South Moluccan campaign for independence from Indonesia; including a plot to kidnap Queen Juliana; December 1975 hijacking of a train; seizure of the Indonesian consulate in Amsterdam; May 1977 seizure of a village school and a train; trials of those involved in the hostage incidents.
Section 11: Pakistan
1. Clippings: 1947-1977, and undated. British Survey VIII (22), 1947, 'Pakistan'; reports of massive corruption; opposition to the government; President Bhutto's taking over; his government; Pakistan's acquisition of a nuclear fuel processing plant from France; 1977 coup led by Gen. Mohammed Zia-ul-Haq, which deposed Bhutto.
Section 12: Philippines
1. Clippings: 1944-1978. President Ferdinand Marcos; imposition of martial law; his government; the opposition; Muslim insurrection against the government; British Survey V (26), 1944. 'The Philippines'.
Box 85
Section 1: Portugal
1. General. Clippings: 1962-1977, and undated. The country, its history, and its colonies; Supplement to British Survey II (8), [~1939}with a map of Portugal and information on the Portuguese Empire.
2. Independence Movement in Colonies. Clippings: 1971-1977, and undated.
3. Angola. Clippings: 1972-1975. The fighting in Angola; Soviet and Chinese supply of arms to the various factions.
4. Azores - Independence Movement, "Anti-Communist Base". Clippings: 1975.
5. Guinea-Biscau Independence. Clippings: 1968-1975. Anti-Portuguese rebels; the fighting leading to independence.
6. Macao. Clippings: 1974-1975. Portugal's efforts to hand Macao over to China.
7. Madeira - Independence Demands. Clippings: 1975.
8. Mozambique. Clippings: 1973-1974. The fighting in Mozambique leading to its independence.
9. Timor. Clippings: 1974-1975. Anti-communist fighting in East Timor; Indonesia's involvement in the fighting.
10. Murder of General Delgado and investigations after the Revolution. Clippings: 1961-1978. Humberto Delgado, a leader of anti-Salazar rebels; his death; his accused killers from the Portuguese Secret Police; their trials.
11. Coup d’état April, 1974. Reports of Events; General Spinola; Exile of Tomas and Caetano. Clippings: April-May, 1974.
12. General Spinola ousted, September 1974. Clippings: Sept.-Oct., 1974. Events around the left-wing army coup.
13. General Spinola: Attempted Coup fails, March, 1975. He flees to Spain, and into exile in Brazil. Succeeded by General Gomes. Clippings: 1975-1976.
14. General Spinola plans counter-revolution (1975) from exile in Brazil, and August 1975 in Paris. Clippings: 1975-1978. His eventual return to Portugal in 1976.
15. Politics to December 1974. Clippings: 1973-1974, and undated. The junta following the revolution of April, 1974.
16. Politics, January-June, 1975. Clippings: 1975, and undated. Includes the attempted coup in March, 1975.
17. Politics - July to December, 1975. Clippings: 1975. The abortive military coup in late November; mid-year anti-communist violence.
18. Politics - 1976-1978. Politics and People.
19. Anti-communist moves: Burning of Communist Headquarters, and attacks in the North. Clippings: 1974-1976. Also includes clippings on Communist activities, personnel in Portugal.
20. Fall of Vasco Conçalves, Sept. 1975. Clippings: 1975.
21. Foreign relations. Clippings: 1974-1975.
22. Secret Service. Clippings: 1962-1977, and undated. The secret police.
23. D.G.S. Secret Police: Arrests after revolution; Trials postponed; some flee. Clippings: 1974-1975. Activities of secret police both in Portugal and in the colonies.
24. COPCON Security Corps, and General Carvalho, arrested January 20, 1976. Clippings: 1975-1976. Otelo de Carvalho and the security forces.
Section 2: Scandinavia
1. Denmark: History, Politics. Clippings: 1939-1975. British Survey, I (9), 1939. 'Denmark; NATO issues; obit King Frederik (1972); obit Ebbe Munck, Resistance Leader; resignation of Social Democrats; tax issues in Liberal government; Faroe elections; Proposed coalition government in Denmark; return of Social Democrats.
2. Denmark: Economics. Clippings: 1973-1975. Copy of letter to Cookridge from A. E. Pedersen of 'Scandinavian News Letters, inviting him to become a stringer; taxes under Liberal government; proposal for bridges and tunnel linking Malmø and Copenhagen, to increase speed of travel from Scandinavia to rest of Europe; the East Asiatic Company.
3. Finland. Clippings: 1943-1975. Wartime outline of Finnish government; British Survey VIII (19), 1947. 'Finland'; Review of Upton, A.F.: 'Finland in Crisis, 1940-1941'; 'Finland's Station'; currency seizure; election.
4. Iceland. Clippings: 1946-1974, and undated. Repertory theatre; University of Reykjavik; 1974 election resulting in stalemate; odd coalition; US base at Keflavik to be retained.
5. Iceland: Government Measures in Cod War. Clippings: 1973. Demand for removal of British fleet; expulsion of a British diplomat; anti-British stance of Prime Minister Olafur Johannesson.
6. Norway. Clippings: 1974-1977. Norway and North Sea oil; politics, devolution; question of oil in the Barents Sea; surveillance system problems.
7. Norway. Clippings: 1946-1976. Norway in or out of the EEC; typescript of Aug. 1973; election forecast; British Survey VII (5) 1946. 'Norway'; varying views on King Haakon's escape from Norway in WW II.
8. Sweden. Clippings: 1974-1976. Freeing Stig Wennerström; reduction of monarchical power; Observer series (1974) on Sweden; Olof Palme; general election over nuclear energy, which he lost, and therefore resigned; attempted insurrection in army; marriage of King Carl Gustav to Silvia Summerlath.
9. Sweden. Clippings: 1970-1973. Proposed oversight by socialist government of private Swedish industry; obit King Gustav VI (1973); same-day commentary on fading socialism in Sweden; election tie.
Section 3: South Korea
1. Park Chung-Hee and Repression. Clippings: 1974-1976. Paranoia over students, free press; death of his wife by a bullet meant for him; other repressive activities.
2. Kim Dae Jung. Clippings: 1973-1976. Near-victor in 1972 elections; opposition to Park's regime; in exile in Tokyo, and kidnapped possibly by S. Korean secret police; political fallout with Japan; Kim's trial and imprisonment in Seoul.
3. Tension between North and South Korea; American threats of bombing North Korea. Clippings: 1974-1976. Deadlock in Panmunjom talks; fears of war; saber-rattling by both sides; tunnel explosions and political implications; murder of two US officers by North Koreans with axes.
4. Relations with USA: Bribery scandals, military/diplomatic issues. Clippings: 1974-1975. Trade with China; bribery of US Congressmen to influence US policy toward S. Korea; planned troop withdrawals by US, and the consternation; political contributions demanded by S. Korea of US businesses with manufacturing in Korea; threat of price controls; historical account of Korean War.
5. Alleged Spies. Clippings: 1969-1976. South Korean students in Britain alleged as spies by Park regime; one, at least, lured home with 'job offer', arrested, and executed.
Section 4: Spain
1. Clippings: 1943-1951. Series of British Survey issues: Vol IV (21), May 7, 1943 'Spain'; Vol. VIII (21), December, 1947 'Portrait of a Spaniard'; Main Series # 31, October, 1951 'Spanish Background'.
2. General. Clippings: 1959-1976, and undated. General information on the country; biographical data on Fernando Maria Castiella, Spanish Minister for Foreign Affairs; article about Spanish neutrality in 1942-1943.
3. Franco's Semi-Retirement, and new Prime Minister, Adm. Carrero Blanco (June 1973). Clippings: 1973.
4. Assassination of Adm. Carrero Blanco, 20 XII 1973. Clippings: 1972-1974. Biographical data on Luis Carrero Blanco; reports of his assassination by Basque terrorists; their flight to France.
5. Prime Minister Carlos Arias Navarro (succeeds Adm. Carrero Blanco); Promise of 'reforms' veering to Right, sacks 5 Ministers on Franco's orders. Clippings: 1973-1975.
6. Franco's illness, 'Retirement' and comeback. Clippings: 1970-1975, and undated. Returned to power in September, 1974; maintenance of his right-wing police.
7. Last Illness and Death of Franco (1975), also pre-history to his possible retirement and transfer of power. Clippings: 1975-1976. Last illness and death of Franco; memorial six months after his death.
8. Franco Regime: retrospective articles on his 'ousting'. Clippings: 1974-1975, and undated.
9. Prince Juan Carlos (sworn as successor in 1969) to rule in Franco's illness in 1974. Clippings: 1958-1975. His engagement to Princess Sophia of Greece.
10. Spanish Succession. Juan's claim to the throne in place of his son. Clippings: 1975-1976. Don Juan of Bourbon, the pretender to the throne of Spain, and father of Juan Carlos; after Juan Carlos became King, his father urged him to make Spain a democracy.
11. New Cabinet, including Fraga, and futile amnesty. Clippings: 1973-1976.
12. 'New King' Don Juan Carlos, and forecasts of new regime. Clippings: 1975.
13. Carlists. Clippings: 1976-1977. The Carlist claim to the Throne in Spain goes back to the War of Spanish Succession in 1700.
14. Kidnapping by G.R.A.P.O. of Sr. Oriol. Demand for freeing of political prisoners. Clippings: 1976-1978, and Undated. December 1976 kidnappings of Antonio de Oriol and Emilio Villaescusa; other terrorist activities by G.R.A.P.O., a functional left-wing group.
15. Socialists and Trade Unions. Visits of British Labour and TUC leaders. Clippings: 1973-1977. Trade unions and socialist opposition to the Spanish government; labour unrest, before and after Franco's death; British trade union leaders' visit to Spain.
16. Suarez government, referendum, electoral reform. Clippings: 1976. Events leading to the appointment of Adolpho Suarez as Prime Minister, succeeding Carlos Arias Navarro; the Suarez government and the 1976 referendum.
17. Communist Party, Arrest of Santiago Carillo. Clippings: 1972-1978. The Spanish Communist Party and its shift from Moscow toward Beijing; activities of the Spanish Communists and their leaders Santiago Carillo and Dolores Ibarruri, "La Passionaria".
18. Communists in Spain. Clippings: 1970-1971, and undated. Undated article about the Spanish Communist Party and its history; four Radio Free Europe Research papers: July, 1970: 'Spanish CP still backs Dubček, Deplores Expulsion', October 1970: 'Spanish CP Condemns Stalinism', October, 1970: 'Spanish CP Expels Pro-Soviet Rebels: Czechoslovakia Key Issue', June, 1971: 'Spanish CP Stands firm against Pro-Soviet Faction.
19. Neo-Francistas and Fascists 'Nueva Fuerza': pro-Franco Rallies and Demonstrations. Clippings: 1976.
Box 86
Note: Envelope numbering continues from Box 85.
20. United States Bases, and President Ford's Visit to Franco. Clippings: 1975-1976. Spain's efforts to close US military bases in the country.
21. Foreign Relations. Clippings: 1970-1977. Relations with other nations and world regions.
22. Arms Purchases. Clippings: 1973-1976. Arms sales to Spain; Spanish investigation of possible Lockheed bribes in sales of aircraft to the Spanish military.
23. Gibraltar. Clippings: 1970-1976. Spanish claims to Gibraltar; British and Gibraltarian reactions.
24. Press Suppression. Clippings: 1965-1978. Suppression of writers, newspapers, and magazines by the government of the day.
25. Repression. Clippings: 1975-1977. Government repression, torture.
26. Terrorist Activities. Clippings: 1074-1978. Activities of terrorists in Spain; efforts against them.
27. Basques. Clippings: 1970-1978, and undated. The Basque region; Basque fights against the Spanish government.
28. E.T.A., and Basque Persecution: Trials, death sentences, also some earlier references to Basques. Clippings: 1970-1976.
29. Catalonia. Clippings: 1974-1977. Relations between the Spanish government and the Catalan nationalists looking for autonomy.
30. Spanish Civil War. Clippings: 1965-1977. The Civil War; the people involved; book reviews.
31.General to December, 1975. Clippings: 1968-1975, and undated. Spanish history and politics.
32. Politics: Changes in Spain in 1976. Clippings: 1976. Unrest; government changes from Franco dictatorship toward democracy.
33. Politics, 1977. Clippings: 1977. Continuing moves toward democracy.
34. Politics, 1978. Clippings: 1978.
35. Ceuta-Melilla conflict with Morocco. Clippings: 1974-1975.
36. Spanish Sahara Crisis: Conflict with Morocco and Mauritania. Clippings: 1974-1976.
37. Civil Guards' Officers Plot Foiled. Clippings: Nov. 1978. Failed plot by right-wing army officers.
38. Andorra. Clippings: 1946-1976. The principality, and its political life.
Section 5: Spanish Secret Service
1. Clippings: not dated. Handwritten Cookridge notes about the Spanish Secret Service and Security groups; relations with other groups.
2. Sigurdad and Police: Outrages, etc. Clippings: 1972-1976. Police brutality.
3. Police 'Reform': Three Heads Sacked. Clippings: 1976.
4. Strikes: Metro-Madrid, Police Action and Arrests; Leftists Rally in Opposition. Clippings: 1975-1976. The strike; events leading up to it.
5. Spanish Army Unrest. Officers arrested, and sentenced to long prison terms; Civil Service unrest. Clippings: 1974-1976.
6. Executions and World-wide Protest. Clippings: 1975, and undated (probably 1975). Sentencing of 11 guerillas, some Basques; execution of five of them; world reaction against the executions.
7. Falangists, Right Terrorists. "Los Guerilleros de Cristo Rey". Clippings: 1975.
8. Rightists Riot Against Reforms, and Left: Clashes after promise of reforms. Clippings: 1973-1975.
9. F.R.A.P. Resistance Movement. Arrests of 'terrorists' Operations. Clippings: 1972-1975, and undated. Leaflet (undated) advertising a Communist rally in London; non-FRAP opposition to Franco and government repression.
Section 6: Switzerland
1. Politics, Economics. Clippings: 1961-1977. Swiss banks, historically and under new laws; Liechtenstein's economy; rejected expulsion of foreign nationals working in Switzerland; internal politics.
2. Secret Service, clandestine acts. Clippings: 1946-1976. Some terrorist attacks; presence of numerous spies in the country; Dubois 'affair'; death of Nazi spy leader after World War II.
Section 7: Taiwan (Formosa)
1. Clippings: 1961-1978. Politics; the island; position in UN; nuclear capability; participation in 1976 Olympics; its position vis-à-vis China.
2. Chiang Kai-Shek, and his death. Clippings: 1961-1975. Dealing with Communists; profiles of Chiang; obits; punditry on future of the island.
3. Cheng Tsu-tsai. Clippings: 1972-1975. Person accused of trying to assassinate Dr. Chiang Ching-kuo, Chiang Kai-Shek's son.
Section 8: Thailand
1. History, Politics. Clippings: 1949-1977. Postwar outline of Siam (Thailand); military and governance issues to 1977.
Section 9: Turkey
1. History, General. Clippings: 1944-1977. From Byzantium to Istanbul; British Survey VII(2), 1946, 15 pp, entitled 'Turkey'; political instability; threat of military takeover; allegations of torture of political prisoners; Patriarch Dimitrios I.
2. Politics, Elections I. Clippings: 1973-1978. Obit Ismet Inönü; jailing of leftists; opium from Turkey increasing in Europe; Ecevit as Prime Minister, poet, and humanitarian; Demirel as Prime Minister; killing of Turkish ambassadors, possibly by Armenian terrorists; consequences for Cyprus situation; book review: Arlen, M. 'Passage to Ararat', on genocide in Armenia; oil exploration in the Aegean; violence and torture continue in Istanbul; Turkish-Soviet uneasiness.
3. Politics, Elections II. Clippings: 1974. Problems: US aid levels; war with Greece over Cyprus; failure of Geneva talks.
4. NATO, takeover of American bases. Clippings: 1974-1975. Threats by US of withdrawal of aid, armaments; embargo action of US Congress; retaliation by Turkey; reversal of embargo, but refusal to sell arms; Turkey takes over US bases, and hangs onto them despite reversal of decision on arms.
Section 10: Uruguay
1. Politics, Economics, Terrorism. Clippings: 1973-1977. Military junta; torture, murder; ban on political activity; vague proposal of distant elections.
Section 11: The Vatican
1. Religion, The Catholic Church. Clippings: 1939, 1974. Outline of the College of Cardinals; Observer Magazine article on changes occurring in Christianity.
2. Cardinals. Clippings: 1945-1946, and undated. Pius XI urged to update selection process for cardinals (1930s); articles about newly selected cardinals; speculation on Archbishop Spellman as presumptive new cardinal; manuscript by 'Raynham Parker'( Cookridge) on Spellman's wartime diplomatic history and the likelihood of his being chosen as Papal Secretary of State (see also Box 25, File 11); Cookridge's handwritten notes in preparation for the manuscript; typescript by Louis Perousine typed from an article owned by London Newspaper Services, Ltd. Note: This may not be by Cookridge, largely because it is a first copy from Page 2 onward.
3. Cardinals Mindszenty, Wycynzski. Clippings: 1974.
4. Pope Pius XII. Clippings: 1957-1975. Speculation on Cardinal Agagianian as possible successor to Pius XII; Pius XII's presence at canonization of saints; book review: the Vatican during the war; legal question to decide whether Pope Pius XII could have stopped the Nazis' killing Italian partisans during WW II; Book reviews: Sereny, G. "Into That Darkness" from an interview with Franz Stangl, on Vatican silence in 1939-1941 when it apparently knew about Nazi 'euthanasia' of Jews.
5. Pope John XXIII. Clippings: 1961-1975. The man; book reviews.
6. Pope Paul VI. Clippings: 1970-1978. Attempt on the life of Paul VI; apparent frantic attempts to locate the late Cardinal Tisserant's secret papers which were thought to contain strong criticism of Paul’s Vatican policies; article on Benelli, Paul VI's 'right-hand man'; Benelli's displeasure at article; Benelli's opposition to reforms of the Second Vatican council; story on the putative assassin of Paul VI; suggested financial disaster at the Vatican; speculation on the successor to Paul VI; warning about Communists; increasing numbers of Communists running in Italian elections; obit Paul VI.
7. Pope John Paul I. Clippings: August, 1978.
8. Pope John Paul II. Clippings: 1974, 1978-1979. Speculation on the possibility of a non-Italian pope; biographical information on Karol Wojytila after his election; his hopes for the Eastern bloc.
9. Opposition to Papacy. Clippings: 1973, 1976. Diplomacy to Moscow; fear of infiltration of Vatican by CIA or KGB; lawsuit by homosexuals against Paul VI; attempt by British Communist to be considered as a future Pope with his desire to reconcile Jesus and Karl Marx; intervention in election process; excommunication of Archbishop Lefebvre for continuing to use Latin in French mass in opposition to Paul VI's order that it be conducted in the language of the congregation; unfrocking of an abbot for supporting Communist perspectives.
10. British Roman Catholic Church. Clippings: 1961-1976, and undated. Historical perspective on Catholic Church in Britain; Catholic schools; elevation of Archbishop Griffin; article on death by Archbishop Heenan; accompanying article by Mary Stocks; preparations for Second Vatican Council; Archbishop Cardinale, Apostolic Delegate to Britain; accusation in Tisserant's diaries that Mussolini ordered the death of Pope Pius XI, which is denied; Catholics to be allowed to become Freemasons, with their bishop's permission; stamp theft from Vatican; profile of Archbishop Hume; his elevation to Cardinal; book review, Bossy, J. "The English Catholic Community".
11. Clippings: 1964-1979. The Vatican's political influence; rapprochement with Jews; opposition to social gospel by John Paul II.
12. Wealth. Clippings: 1961 - 1971. Sunday Telegraph articles on Vatican wealth, business organization; book review on Vatican finances.
13. Swiss Guard, History, Intrigue. Clippings: 1972-1974, and undated. Pope Clement XV; letter denying possible murder of Pope Pius XI; role of Swiss Guard.
Pamphlet, Annual Review of World Press Freedom, 1976
Rolled Film negatives
National Archives of the United States , a microfilm publication, “Data Sheets to Microfilmed [sic], Captured German Records” from World War II, roll 27, 1969; 1 roll of microfilm
